替代词onethatitwhichso的用法比较Word格式文档下载.docx
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IliketherecorderbetterthantheoneIboughtlastyear.
与去年我买的那个录音机相比,我更喜欢这一个。
(这时,theone和that可以互换)
(3)that表示与前面所指的名词为同类,但不是同一个;
而it所指的名词为同一个。
That既可以代替可数名词,也可以代替不可数名词。
ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofanyothercountryintheworld.
中国的人口比世界上任何国家的都要多。
IhaveaverygoodTVset.Itisverylargeandbeautiful.
贵州省遵义市第一中学ChinephoneLew
英语的代替现象比汉语普遍,使用代词的场合比汉语多。
大多数句子中均用代词代替上文谈到的人、事物或情况,避免了对较多名词、冠词的反复使用,这样大大简化了句子。
最常用于表示替代关系的词语有it,that,which,one,so等,近几年高考试题中均对这些词的用法进行了考查,可见这几个替代词的用法非常重要。
下面归纳它们表示替代时的不同用法。
一、it的用法
1、it指代上文所提事物的本身(it表时间、强调等的用法此处不阐明),如果所代替的事物为复数,则应该用they或them表示。
2、it也可以用来代替上文所提到的一件事。
1.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.(NMET2001,25)A.theyB.itC.oneD.which
2.Iamlookingforahouse.I’dlike____withabrookaround_____.
A.one,itB.it,itC.one,oneD.it,one
3.Mary’smotheralwaystoldhertoworkhard,but______didn’thelp.A.oneB.heC.sheD.it
4.—Doyoulikethesephotos?
—Yes,____areverybeautifulandIlike____verymuch.
A.they,thoseB.they,themC.ones,onesD.theones,theones
5.—Areyoustillusingyouroldcar?
--No,Isold___theotherday.
A.itB.oneC.thatoneD.theone
6.YesterdayIlostmypen,butnowIhavefound_____.
A.itB.themC.onesD.those
7.—Wherearemybooks?
--_____areontheTVset.
A.OnesB.ThoseC.TheonesD.They
8.Wherehaveyouputmyshoes?
Ican’tfind_____anywhere.
A.themB.thoseC.onesD.theones
9.Wheredidyoubuythewatch?
Wouldyoupleaseget____forme?
A.itB.oneC.theoneD.them
10.Don’treadinthesun.____isbadforyoureyes.
A.OneB.TheoneC.ItD.This
二、that的用法
1、that用来指前文中确定的非同一事物,常用来替代与定冠词或形容词性物主代词连用的单数可数名词或不可数名词,相当于“the+名词”,其复数形式为those。
2、that表替代时为始终是特指(作指示代词和关系代词用时另论),可指上文谈到的人、物或情况(均为单数),可代替可数名词和不可数名词。
3、若that所代替的内容为前置用法,即要代替的内容将出现在下文中,一般用this,these或thefollowing表示。
1.—Hewasnearlydrownedonce
—Whenwas_______?
(NMET2002Beijingspring)
—_____wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.
A.that,ItB.this,ThisC.this,ItD.that,This
2.Equippedwithmodernfacilities,today’slibrariesdifferfrom______(2003Shanghaispring,26)
A.thoseofthepastB.thepastC.whichofthepastD.thosepast
3.Fewpleasurecanequal__ofacooldrinkonahotday.(NMET99,17;
NMET99Guangdong,29)
A.someB,anyC.thatD.those
4.ThepopulationofSichuanProvinceislargerthan____ofanyprovinceinChina.
A.oneB.itC.thatD.theone
5.WhatIwanttosuggestis_____:
Everyoneshouldhaveanothertry.Weneedn’tonlywaitforhelp.
A.thatB.thisC.itD.one
6.Yousee,theaccidenthappenedlike_____:
Theredcarhitthebusandmadeallthetrafficstop.
7.Listen!
________isaboutthelessonswewillhavetofinishtoday.
A.ItB.TheoneC.ThefollowingD.One
8.Theclimatehereisquitedifferentfrom____ofShengyang.
A.thatB.itC.oneD.theone
9.Thestudyofidiomsisasimportantas____ofgrammar.
A.oneB.thatC.itD.this
10.Myseatisnextto_____ofmyteacher.
A.thatB.itC.thisD.one
三、which的用法
1、在后置的非限制性定语从句中代替上文出现的事物或情况(单数或复数)。
2、在问句中作为疑问代词,在名词从句中作为连接代词用,其含义为“哪个、哪些”。
3、如果非限制性定语从句的先行词不是指主句内容,而是指具体的人、时间、地点,则不用which。
4、如果非限制性定语从句前置,则用as。
1.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,_____,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.(NMET2000,17)
A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what
2.Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood,whichwehadn’texpected.(NMET2000Beijingspring,10)
A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what
3.ChinahasitsownEnglishlanguagenewspaper,ChinaDaily,______ispublishedinBeijing.
A.thatB.itC.whichD.one
4.ChinaDailyhasplentyofadvertisements,_____helptocutthecostsofmakingthenewspapers.
A.thatB.itC.whichD.they
5._____wouldyoulikebetter,theblueoneortheredone?
A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.How
6.Idon’tknowin_____directionthethiefranaway.
A.whoseB.whatC.whichD.where
7.TheoldscientistwenttotheU.S.Ain1921,_____hespenthislastyears.
A.whichB.whenC.whereD.that
8.____weallknow,Chinaisdevelopingatagreatspeedtocatchupwiththewesterncountries.
A.WhichB.ThatC.ItD.As
9.Atlastwecametoanoldcastle,_____roofwasinabadstate.
A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.that
10.Themanwasstandingbehindthewindow,_____hecouldseewhatwashappeningoutsidethehouse.
A.fromwhichB.fromwhereC.whereD.which
四、one的用法
1、
常用来代替与上文所提到人或物相类似的不确定的另一人或物(泛指),且被替代者为可数名词单
数形式。
2、
若下文替代者表示非特指含义,则用a/an—adj—one形式表示;
若下文替代者为另一特指含义,则用theone或the—adj—one表示;
若下文替代时为复数含义,则用the—adj—ones或theones表示。
3、
one作替代词用时,其前可加某些形容词或限定词,如the,this,that,which,each,every,any,但一般不
能直接在其前加物主代词。
4、one被后置定语修饰表示特指时,前面应加the;
被形容词修饰表示泛指时,其前应加a/an;
被形容词修饰表示特指时其前应加the。
5、one作主语时,其对应的物主代词用one’s或his,反身代词用oneself或himself,重复主语用one或he。
1.Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave_______.(NMET95,21)
A.itB.thoseC.themD.one
2.—Whydon’twetakealittlebreak?
—Didn’twejusthave________?
(NMET2000,23)
A.itB.thatC.oneD.this
3.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,oneIwillalwaystreasure.(NMET2002,35)
A.thatB.oneC.itD.what
4.—Didalettercomeforme?
—Yes,therewas_______foryouthismorning.
A.oneB.itC.theoneD.that
5.Hehasabluepenandtwored______.
A.oneB.onesC.thoseD.theones
6.Ibroughtanecklacetoyouthatday,butitwas________.
A.adifferentoneB.differentoneC.thedifferentoneD.differentones
7.Idon’tlikethisbluecat,I’dlike______.
A.theredoneB.redoneC.aredD.thatred
8.Idon’tlikethisexpensivecake,_______isOK.
A.cheaponeB.thatcheapC.acheaponeD.acheap
9.____shouldlove____country.
A.One,herB.She,herB.One,one’sD.One,ones
10.Suchadrugwillmake_____findithardtogowithoutit.
A.itB.thatC.oneD.ones
11.YesterdayIlostmypen,butI’vebought______.
A.itB.thatC.oneD.theone
12.Youngpeoplelikeseeingthefilm,butold_____don’t.
A.thoseB.onesC.oneD.them
13.Thisbookis_____thatisneededbyallofus.
A.itB.oneC.thatD.theone
14.Heis_____whogaveusthetalkyesterday.
A.thatB.oneC.theoneD.himself
15.Isthismuseum_____theypaidavisittoyesterday?
A.thatB.whereC.theoneD.which
16.Youroldbikeis_____,it’smuchbetterthan_____
A.agoodone,mynewoneB.goodone,myoneC.agood,mynewoneD.onegood,newmyone
17.Thisadviceisdifferentfrom_____.
A.thatoneB.thatC.itD.theone
18.Thebooksonthetablearemorethan____onthebookshelf.
A.theyB.themC.thoseD.ones
19.Acakemadeofwheatcostslessthan____madeofrice.
A.oneB.itC.thoseD.that
20.Doyoulikeredinkor_____?
A.blueoneB.blueC.theblueoneD.redink
21.Thestepyou’vetakenis_____ofmuchrisk.
A.oneB.thatC.itD.ones
22.I’mtoldyou’vegotsomeforeignstamps.Willyoupleasegiveme_____?
五、so的用法
1、so表示替代常用来代替上文中出现的内容,尤其是上文内容在下文中以宾语从句形式出现时。
2、如果在下文被代替者为否定含义的宾语从句,常用否定动词+so或直接用not代替。
如:
1.—Theboysarenotdoingagoodjobatall,arethey?
—______.(NMET2003Beijingspring,22)
A.IguessnotsoB.Idon’tguessC.Idon’tguesssoD.Iguessnot
2.—Doyouthinkit’sgoingtorainovertheweekend?
—_____.(NMET94,13)
A.Idon’tbelieveB.Idon’tbelieveitC.IbelievenotsoD.Ibelievenot)
3.—Doyouthinkit’sgoingtorainagain?
—I_____,butI_____.
A.thinknot,hopesoB.notthink,sohopeC.don’tthinkso,don’thopesoD.thinknot,hopenot
4.—Doyouthinkit’sgoingtobefine?
--Yes,andI______.
A.expectthatB.expectsoC.expectitD.expectthem
5.—Willtheycomebackagain?
--No,I_____.
A.don’tbelieveB.notbelieveC.believenotD.don’tbelievethat
(注;
以上各题的参考答案另行提供)