演讲全文The Ballot or the BulletMalcolm XWord文档格式.docx

演讲全文The Ballot or the BulletMalcolm XWord文档格式.docx

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Thisafternoonwewanttotalkabouttheballotorthebullet.Theballotorthebulletexplainsitself.Butbeforewegetintoit,sincethisistheyearoftheballotorthebullet,Iwouldliketoclarifysomethingsthatrefertomepersonally--concerningmyownpersonalposition.

I'

mstillaMuslim.Thatis,myreligionisstillIslam.MyreligionisstillIslam.IstillcreditMr.MohammedforwhatIknowandwhatIam.He’stheonewhoopenedmyeyes.Atpresent,I'

mtheMinisterofthenewlyfoundedMuslimMosque,IncorporatedwhichhasitsofficesintheTeresaHotel,rightintheheartofHarlem--that’stheblackbeltinNewYorkcity.AndwhenwerealizethatAdamClaytonPowellisaChristianminister,he’sthe--heheadsAbyssinianBaptistChurch,butatthesametime,he’smorefamousforhispoliticalstruggling.

AndDr.KingisaChristianMinister,inAtlanta–orfromAtlantaGeorgia--orinAtlanta,Georgia,buthe’sbecomemorefamousforbeinginvolvedinthecivilrightsstruggle.There’sanotherinNewYork,ReverendGalamison--Idon’tknowifyou’veheardofhimouthere–he’saChristianMinisterfromBrooklyn,buthasbecomefamousforhisfightagainstasegregatedschoolsysteminBrooklyn.ReverendClee,righthere,isaChristianMinister,hereinDetroit.He’stheheadofthe“FreedomNowParty.”

AlloftheseareChristianMinisters--AlloftheseareChristianMinisters,buttheydon’tcometousasChristianMinisters.Theycometousasfightersinsomeothercategory.

I’maMuslimminister--thesameastheyareChristianMinisters--I’maMuslimminister.AndIdon’tbelieveinfightingtodayinanyonefront,butonallfronts.

Infact,I’mablackNationalistFreedomFighter.

Islamismyreligion,butIbelievemyreligionismypersonalbusiness.Itgovernsmypersonallife,mypersonalmorals.AndmyreligiousphilosophyispersonalbetweenmeandtheGodinwhomIbelieve;

justasthereligiousphilosophyoftheseothersisbetweenthemandtheGodinwhomtheybelieve.

Andthisisbestthisway.Werewetocomeoutherediscussingreligion,we’dhavetoomanydifferencesfromtheoutstartandwecouldnevergettogether.Sotoday,thoughIslamismyreligiousphilosophy,mypolitical,economic,andsocialphilosophyisBlackNationalism.YouandI--AsIsay,ifwebringupreligionwe’llhavedifferences;

we’llhavearguments;

andwe’llneverbeabletogettogether.Butifwekeepourreligionathome,keepourreligioninthecloset,keepourreligionbetweenourselvesandourGod,butwhenwecomeouthere,wehaveafightthat’scommontoallofusagainsta[sic]enemywhoiscommontoallofus.

ThepoliticalphilosophyofBlackNationalismonlymeansthattheblackmanshouldcontrolthepoliticsandthepoliticiansinhisowncommunity.The--Thetime--Thetimewhenwhitepeoplecancomeinourcommunityandgetustovoteforthemsothattheycanbeourpoliticalleadersandtelluswhattodoandwhatnottodoislonggone.

Bythesametoken,thetimewhenthatsamewhiteman,knowingthatyoureyesaretoofaropen,cansendanothernegrointothecommunityandgetyouandmetosupporthimsohecanusehimtoleadusastray--thosedaysarelonggonetoo.

ThepoliticalphilosophyofBlackNationalismonlymeansthatifyouandIaregoingtoliveinaBlackcommunity--andthat’swherewe’regoingtolive,causeassoonasyoumoveintooneoftheir--soonasyoumoveoutoftheBlackcommunityintotheircommunity,it’smixedforaperiodoftime,butthey’regoneandyou’rerightthereallbyyourself 

again.

Wemust--Wemustunderstandthepoliticsofourcommunityandwemustknowwhatpoliticsissupposedtoproduce.Wemustknowwhatpartpoliticsplayinourlives.Anduntilwebecomepoliticallymaturewewillalwaysbemislead,leadastray,ordeceivedormaneuveredintosupportingsomeonepoliticallywhodoesn’thavethegoodofourcommunityatheart.

SothepoliticalphilosophyofBlackNationalismonlymeansthatwewillhavetocarryonaprogram,apoliticalprogram,ofre-educationtoopenourpeopleseyes,makeusbecomemorepoliticallyconscious,politicallymature,andthenwewill--wheneverwegetreadytocastourballotthatballot,willbecastforamanofthecommunitywhohasthegoodofthecommunityofheart.

TheeconomicphilosophyofBlackNationalismonlymeansthatweshouldownandoperateandcontroltheeconomyofourcommunity.Youwouldneverfound--youcan’topenupablackstoreinawhitecommunity.Whitemenwon’tevenpatronizeyou.Andhe’snotwrong.He’sgotsenseenoughtolookoutforhimself.Youtheonewhodon’thavesenseenoughtolookoutforyourself.

Thewhiteman--Thewhitemanistoointelligenttoletsomeoneelsecomeandgaincontroloftheeconomyofhiscommunity.Butyouwillletanyonecomeinandtakecontroloftheeconomyofyourcommunity,controlthehousing,controltheeducation,controlthejobs,controlthebusinesses,underthepre-textthatyouwanttointegrate.No,yououttayourmind.

Thepolitical,theeconomicphilosophyofBlackNationalismonlymeansthatwehavetobecomeinvolvedinaprogramofreeducationtoeducateourpeopleintotheimportanceofknowingthatwhenyouspendyourdollaroutofthecommunityinwhichyoulive,thecommunityinwhichyouspendyourmoneybecomesricherandricher;

thecommunityoutwhichyoutakeyourmoneybecomespoorerandpoorer.

AndbecausetheseNegroes,whohavebeenmislead,misguided,arebreakingtheirneckstotaketheirmoneyandspenditwithTheMan,TheManisbecomingricherandricher,andyou’rebecomingpoorerandpoorer.Andthenwhathappens?

Thecommunityinwhichyoulivebecomesaslum.Itbecomesaghetto.Theconditionsbecomerundown.Andthenyouhavetheaudacitytocomplainaboutpoorhousinginarun-downcommunity.Whyyourunitdownyourselfwhenyoutakeyourdollarout.

AndyouandIareinthedouble-track,becausenotonlydowelosebytakingourmoneysomeplaceelseandspendingit,whenwetryandspenditinourowncommunitywe’retrappedbecausewehaven’thadsenseenoughtosetupstoresandcontrolthebusinessesofourowncommunity.Themanwho’scontrollingthestoresinourcommunityisamanwhodoesn’tlooklikewedo.He’samanwhodoesn’tevenliveinthecommunity.SoyouandI,evenwhenwetrytospendourmoneyintheblockwhereweliveortheareawherewelive,we’respendingitwithamanwho,whenthesungoesdown,takesthatbasketfullofmoneyinanotherpartofthetown.

Sowe’retrapped,trapped,double-trapped,triple-rapped.Anywherewegowefindthatwe’retrapped.Andeverykindofsolutionthatsomeonecomesupwithisjustanothertrap.ButthepoliticalandeconomicphilosophyofBlackNationalism--theeconomicphilosophyofBlackNationalismshowsourpeopletheimportanceofsettinguptheselittlestoresanddevelopingthemandexpandingthemintolargeroperations.Woolworthdidn’tstartoutbigliketheyaretoday.Theystartedoutwithadimestoreandexpandedandexpandedandthenexpandeduntiltoday,they’rearealloverthecountryandallovertheworld,andtheygettosomeofeverybody’smoney.

NowthisiswhatyouandI--GeneralMotorsissameway.Theydidn’tstartoutliketheyitis.Itstartedoutjustalittleratracetypeoperation.Anditexpandedanditexpandeduntiltodaywhereitisrightnow.AndyouandIhavetomakeastartandthebestplacetostartisrightinthecommunitywherewelive.

Soourpeoplenotonlyhavetobereeducatedtotheimportanceofsupportingblackbusiness,buttheblackmanhimselfhastobemadeawareoftheimportanceofgoingintobusiness.AndonceyouandIgointobusiness,weownandoperateatleastthebusinessesinourcommunity.Whatwewillbedoingisdevelopingasituationwhereinwewillactuallybeabletocreateemploymentforthepeopleinthecommunity.Andonceyoucancreatesomeemploymentinthecommunitywhereyouliveitwilleliminatethenecessityofyouandmehavingtoactignorantlyanddisgracefully,boycottingandpicketingsomepracticesomeplaceelsetryingtobeghimforajob.

Anytimeyouhavetorelyuponyourenemyforajob--you’reinbadshape.Whenyouhave--heisyourenemy.Letmetellyou,youwouldn’tbeinthiscountryifsomeenemyhadn’tkidnappedyouandbroughtyouhere.

Ontheotherhand,someofyouthinkyoucamehereontheMayflower.

Soasyoucanseebrothersandsisters,today--thisafternoon,itisnotourintentiontodiscussreligion.We’regoingtoforgetreligion.Ifwebringupreligion,we’llbeinanargument,andthebestwaytokeepawayfromargumentsanddifferences--asIsaidearlier--putyourreligionathome--inthecloset.

KeepitbetweenyouandyourGod.

Becauseifithasn’tdoneanythingmoreforyouthanithas,youneedtoforgetitanyway.

Whetheryouare--WhetheryouareaChristian,oraMuslim,oraNationalist,weallhavethesameproblem.Theydon’thangyoubecauseyou’reaBaptist;

theyhangyou'

causeyou’reblack.Theydon’tattackmebecauseI’maMuslim;

theyattackme'

causeI’mblack.Theyattackallofusforthesamereason;

allofuscatchhellfromthesameenemy.We’reallinthesamebag,inthesameboat.Wesufferpoliticaloppression,economicexploitation,andsocialdegradation--allofthemfromthesameenemy.Thegovernmenthasfailedus;

youcan’tdenythat.Anytimeyouliveinthetwentie