名词变复数语法教学案Word下载.docx
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(5)以o结尾的有两种情况,一种加es,一种直接加s,如:
加es:
mango—mangoes,hero—heroes,potato—potatoes,tomato—tomatoes
加s:
photo—photos等。
不规则的有:
man—men;
woman—women;
people—people;
child—children等。
2.常见不规则名词单复数总结
一、以f和fe结尾的单词规则:
变f或fe为“ves”。
单数
复数
词义
wolf
wolves
狼
wife
wives
妻子,太太
half
halves
半个
knife
knives
小刀,刀子
calf
calves
小牛
life
lives
(个人的)性命
sheaf
sheaves
捆,束,扎
thief
thieves
贼
leaf
leaves
叶子
二、结尾是o的单数词,一部份只加s就成复数词
piano
pianos
钢琴
photo
photos
照片,相片
radio
radios
收音机
bamboo
bamboos
竹子
zoo
zoos
动物园
kangaroo
kangaroos
袋鼠
三、结尾是o的有生命力的词,一般加“es”口诀:
黑人英雄吃西红柿马铃薯。
negro
negroes
黑人
hero
heroes
英雄
tomato
tomatoes
西红柿
potato
potatoes
土豆,马铃薯
mango
mangoes
芒果
zero
zeros
零,零号
四、以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词名词变复数时,要在词尾加es
bus
buses
公共汽车
class
classes
班级
box
boxes
盒子
fox
foxes
狐狸
match
matches
火柴,比赛
lunch
lunches
午餐
brush
brushes
画笔,刷子
五、以man结尾表示一类人的,变man为men
man
men
男人
woman
women
女人,妇女
policeman
policemen
警察
fireman
firemen
消防员
六、单复数同形的
deer
鹿
sheep
绵羊
fish
鱼
Chinese
中国人
Japanese
日本人
works
工厂
七、单词中有oo的,变oo为ee
foot
feet
脚
tooth
teeth
牙齿
goose
geese
鹅
八、以辅音字母y结尾的,变y为ies
story
stories
故事
body
bodies
身体
country
countries
国家
library
libraries
图书馆
family
families
家庭
city
cities
城市
九、以元音字母加y结尾的名词,直接加s
boy
boys
key
keys
toy
toys
十、其他特殊的名词复数形式
child
children
孩子
ox
oxen
牛
mouse
mice
老鼠
louse
lice
虱子
随堂练习
一、写出下列名词的复数形式
1、orange__________2、class___________3、monkey__________4、piano___________
5、child___________6、shelf____________7、bed____________8、country___________
9、family___________10、toy__________11、foot__________12、radio__________
13、photo__________14、tomato___________15、woman___________16、knife__________
17、sheep__________18、ship__________19、dish___________20、mouse___________
二、用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空:
1>
These_____________(tomato)arered.
2>
Mybrotherlooksaftertwo_____________(baby)
3>
Chinese_____________(people)liketoeatnoodles.
4>
Mymotherwash_____________(dish)inthekitchen.
5>
Ihavetwo_____________(pencil-box).
三、选择填空
()1.The__inouryardareverybeautiful.
A.cloth B.water C.flowers
()2.TomisoneoftheChinese_____inourschool.
A.boy B.boys C.boies
()3.Acathasfour____,doesn'
tit?
A.foots B.feet C.feets
()4.Therearethree____andfive_____intheroom.
A.American,JapaneseBAmericans,JapaneseC.American,Japanese
()5.Canyouseenine____inthepicture?
A.fish B.book C.horse
()6.The_____hastwo______.
A.boy;
watch B.boy;
watches C.boys;
watch
()7.The_____areflyingbacktotheircountry.
A.Germany B.Germanys C.Germans
()8.Thegirlbrushesher_____everydaybeforeshegoestobed.
A.tooths B.teeth C.teeths
()9.Isawmany_____inthestreet.
A.peoplesB.peopleC.people’s
()10.Thegreensweaterishis_________.
A.brotherB.brothersC.brother’s
()11.Theycomefromdifferent______
A.countryB.countriesC.acountryD.countrys
()12.Howmany______doyouseeinthepicture?
A.tomatosB.tomatoesC.tomatoD.thetomato
()13.Theyare______.
A.womanteachersB.womenteachers
C.womenteacherD.womanteacher
()14.Wouldyoulike_______,please?
A.twoglassofwaterB.twoglassesofwater
C.twoglassofwatersD.twoglassesofwaters
()15.Mostof______livein_______.
A.Germans,GermanB.German,Germen
C.Germen,GermanyD.Germans,Germany
()16.Therearesome______inthese_______.
A.knifespencil-boxesB.knivespencils-box
C.knivespencil-boxD.knivespencils-boxes
()17.______like______byair.
A.Greens,travellingB.TheGreen,traveling
C.TheGreens,travelD.TheGreens,traveling
()18.Iwonderwhy______areinterestedinactionfilms(武打片).
A.thepeopleB.peopleC.peoplesD.thepeoples
()19.Thereisno______intheplate.
A.applesB.orangesC.riceD.eggs
()20.Myunclehasthree_______.
A.childB.childsC.childrenD.childrens
3.基数词变序数词
英语中基数词变为序数词时,一般在基数词后加词尾-th,但有几个词变化特殊,只要记住下面这个口诀:
一、二、三,单独记;
八去t,九除e,
ve要用f替,整十基数变序数,先把ty变成tie;
要是遇到两位数,十位基数个位序,th最后加上去。
解析口诀:
one→first,
two→second,
three→third这三个词变化特殊,要单独记;
eight→eighth,
nine→ninth,
八去t,九去e后再加-th;
five→fifth,
twelve→twelfth,五、十二把ve换成f再加-th;
twenty→twentieth,
thirty→thirtieth...
整十先把词尾y改为ie再加-th。
两位数时则十位数用基数词,个位数用序数词,如:
twenty-first。
1、第一类:
first(1st)第一;
second(2nd)第二;
third(3rd)第三
(在括号里的是缩写形式,均在阿拉伯数字后面加上相应序数词的最后两个字母构成,以下各类与此相同。
)这类序数词只有三个,在整个序数词里面是特殊的,就和第一类基数词一样,需要逐个地硬记下来。
2、第二类:
fourth(4th)第四
fifth(5th)第五
sixth(6th)第六
seventh(7th)第七
eighth(8th)第八
ninth(9th)第九
tenth(10th)第十
eleventh(11th)第十一
twelfth(12th)第十二
thirteenth(13th)第十三
fourteenth(14th)第十四
fifteenth(15th)第十五
sixteenth(16th)第十六
seventeenth(17th)第十七
eighteenth(18th)第十八
nineteenth(19th)第十九
这一类序数词共有十六个。
均在相应的基数词后面加上后缀-th构成。
要注意其中fifth、eighth、ninth、twelth四个词的拼法。
3、第三类:
twentieth(20th)第二十
thirtieth(30th)第三十
fortieth(40th)第四十
fiftieth(50th)第五十
sixtieth(60th)第六十
seventieth(70th)第七十
eightieth(80th)第八十
ninetieth(90th)第九十这一类全是十位整数的序数词,共八个。
它们的构成方法是:
先将相应的十位整数的基数词词尾-ty中的y改成i,然后在加上后缀-eth。
随堂练习:
一.基数词序数词练习
1.Yourscarflooksverybeautiful.
Thankyou.Iwanttobuya_________one.(two)
2.TheBrownshadabigpartytocelebratetheirdaughter’s_____(二十岁)birthdayyesterday.
3.It’s_________now.Let’sgohome.现在7;
30了,咱们回家吧。
4.Ithinkthe___________lessonisthemostdifficultinthisbook.(twelve)
5.Louisisnowinhis____________,butheisstilltakingsomecourseatcollege.
6.Thereare_______ofpeoplewhoarelosingjobsand_________ofthemfindjobs.(hundredthousand)
7.Ihavetried_____________(三次),butIwilltry_________(再一次)
8.Iliveon________(第五大街),butworkfarfromit.
三.单项选择。
1.Areyou________AmericanorEnglish?
—English.WeareworkinginWuhu.
A.aB./C.theD.an
2.DoyouknowwhenChristamsDayis?
—It’son___________.
A.December24thB.January1stC.December25thD.October1st
3.Heis__________inourclass.
A.thefourthtallestB.fourthtallestC.fourtallestD.thefourtallest
4.HowmanypeoplewillcometoBeijingnextyear?
It’shandtosay._______people,Ithink.
A.MillionofB.MillionsofC.MillionsD.million
5.About______filmswereshownduringthe5thShanghaiInternationalFilmFestival.
A.twohundredofB.twohundredsofC.twohundredD.twohundreds
6.Inourclass_____thestudents_____girls.
A.threefifths;
areB.threefifth;
are
C.threefifths;
isD.threefifth;
is
7.__________foreignersvisittheGreatWalleveryyear.
A.thousandofB.thousand.C.thousandsD.Thousandof
8.__________oftheworkersinthisfactoryisabouttwohundred.______ofthemarewomenworkers.
A.Thenumber,FirstthirdB.Thenumber,Onethird
C.Anumber;
HalfD.Anumber,Threequarters
9.Wherearethestudents?
Aretheyin___________?
A.theRoom406B.Room406
C.the406RoomD.406Room
10.Howlongistheriver?
It’s________metres.
A.aboutthreehundredandseventeenB.abouttwohundredsandforty-five
C.morethantwohundredsD.lessthanthreehundredsandseventy
4.课后练习
一.根据英文解释及首字母,在横线上写出单词或短语。
1.Iwanttoseeyourdreamscomet__________.
2.Fromthenon,thelionandthemousebecamef_________.
3.Youshouldputyourthingsino__________.
4.Tokeeps_________,wemustfollowthetrafficrules.
5.YangLipingisagreatd_________.Shedancesbeautifully.
6.Peopledon’tdrivetheshipontheriverorinthesea.Astronautsdriveitwhentheywanttogotothemoon.Itisas__________.
7.It’safestivalinChina.Onthatday,peopleeatmooncakesandwatchthemoonatnight.It’sM___________________.
8.Itisoneofoursubjects.Listeningtoitcanmakeushappy.ItisM_____________.
二、选择填空。
()1.---What’syour_____?
---Ilikelisteningtomusic.
A.nameB.hobbyC.job
()2.---Whatcanyouinthepicture?
---Picture?
Whereisit?
Ican’tanything.
A.look,lookforB.see,lookforC.see,find
()3.---__________isthisschoolbag?
---It’smybrother’s.
A.WhoB.Who’sC.Whose
()4.---Hello.IsthatGaoShan?
---Yes,______.
A.IamB.thisisGaoShanspeakingC.heisout.
()5.---Wouldyoulike______bananas?
---Bananas?
Sorry,Idon’twant______bananas.I’dlikesomepears.
A.any;
someB.any;
anyC.some;
any
()6.Iwouldlikesix________of_______.
A.pairs,shoeB.box,applesC.glasses,milk
()7.Sheplays________pianowell,butshecan’tplay________basketball.
A.the,theB./,theC.the,/
()8.Therewere________sweetsintheboxyesterday.Butsomebodyate_______.
A.alotof,afewB.alotof,alittleC.much,afew
()9.You_________playontheroad.You