高考英语主谓一致Word文档格式.docx
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VI.其他结构中的主谓一致
I.以–s结尾的名词作主语时的主谓一致
1.以–s结尾的表示体育活动的名词作主语
2.以–ics结尾的表示学科的名词作主语
3.以–s结尾的地理名词作主语
4.以–s结尾的由两部分组成的名词作主语
5.*以–ings结尾的动名词作主语
6.其他以–s结尾的名词
II.集合名词作主语时的主谓一致
集合名词指的是同一类人或物的集合体,其中有的是复数含义,有的是不可数含义,有的根据不同的上下文,既可以有复数含义,也可以有单数含义。
1.通常用作复数的集合名词
这类名词包括people,police,cattle,*poultry,*vermin等。
在它们之后的谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g.ThepoliceaaurdattleprovideuswithmilkandbPeople解释为“民族”时为单数形式,复数时词尾要加s。
e.g.Therea-sixpeopla.
2.通常用作单数的集合名词
maquurnituandise,foliage等。
在它们之后的谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g.Tandisehasarrivedearlierthanexpected.
Allthemaada.
3.既能作复数又能做单数的集合名词
这类名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式主要取决于集合名词在上下文中的具体含义。
当作主语的集合名词强调的是一个整体或组织,谓语动词用单数形式
当作主语的集合名词强调的是整体中的个体或成员,谓语动词用复数形式。
这类词有:
uncil,association,board,govamily,audwd,clal,army,fld,village等。
e.g.Awasaskedtoinvestigaase.(强调委员会这一个整体)
Tdofquiteafewexpertsandscholars.(强调委员会这个组织)
Theanti-wnhall.(强调委员会这个组织)
Taredivided(强调委员会中的每个委员)
Tareatdinner.(强调委员会中的每个委员)amilyisabigone.(强调家庭这一个整体)amilyarealldiligentw(强调家庭中的所有成员)
Theaudienceareraisingandwtheirapproval.(谓语动词用复数形式,与their呼应,强调观众中的每个成员)
Theclaudents.(强调班级这个整体)
Theclassareunabletodecidea(这里的class强调班级中的每一个成员)
Theherdofcowsandcalvalarmhashard.(强调牛群这一整体)
Theherdofcowsandcalvesaremovingtowardsthebarn.(强调牛群中的每一个个体)
Thevillagewereallaga(强调村庄里的村民们)
4.其他:
当主语是由a/board/panelof构成的短语,谓语动词通常用单数形式。
e.g.AdecidewangetthedegApaneloffourhasbudgTheboardofdarganagany.
III.并列结构作主语时的主谓一致
1.用and或both…and…连接的并列主语
当and或both…and…连接的并列主语表示的是两个或两个以上的人或物,谓语动词通常用复数形式;
若所指的只是一个人或物,谓语动词通常用单数形式。
e.g.BlueandyellowmakeguandIaregoodfriends.
Thegreatscholarandwdead.
Thegreatscholarandarenowdead
Thehammerandsicklewasflyingfromatallflagpole.
Readingandsolvingequationalydassigggandmilkisagoodbreakfast.(这里的鸡蛋和牛奶都指一顿早饭,不可分割)
Breadandbuutritious.(涂有黄油的面包)
Thecandlestickandcandlesellsfortwopounds.
即使并列主语的中心词是单数,如果表示的意义是复数,仍应用动词复数。
e.g.Secondaryandhighereducationhavebeenmadeavailablwly-developedarea.
WhatIsayandthinkarenobuu.
当and连接的并列名词带有each,every或者manya等限定词时,随后的动词常用单数形式。
e.g.Manyamanandwomaudshimselld.
Everyboyandgirllassisgivena2.用…or……nor…,以及notonly…butalso…等连接的并列主语
通常采用就近原则。
e.g.Myfalikelytobeaublaag.
NotonlyMarybutalsoherbwereaskedtosinggs.
NeitherBilldswdentofvNIknowthetruIV表示数量的名词短语作主语
1.表示不定数量的名词短语作主语
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some(of),alot(of),lots(of),plenty(of),all(of),half(of)(of)ainder(of),most(of),none(of),heaps,load等。
我们经常根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的形式。
如果这些短语与可数名词复数连用,谓语动词就用复数
如果这些短语与不可数名词或可数名词单数连用,谓语动词就用单数。
如果这些数量词后面的名词省略了,我们要根据其意义判定谓语动词的单复数形式。
e.g.Some(ofthedesks)areb(urniture)isbTusauethewTlLudentswanttohaveaLasbeenwasted.
Hallecturesdealwueofbl.
Hallecturedealswueofbludentsarehardworkingdamaged.
Nwsup.
Notwal&
如果主语是“分数/百分数+of+名词”,谓语动词的形式也取决于中心名词的单复数形式。
e.g.Twothirdwasdestroyedwar.
Thirty-fivdoctorswerefemale.
anumberof+名词复数表示“许多…”,谓语动词用复数形式。
umberof+名词表示“.…的数目”,谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g.Agreatnumbudentshaveentredg.
Thenumbudentshasdoubledintwoyears.
2.表示时间和度量的名词短语通常作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式
e.g.TwulongtowaFiftypoundswaspaidat.
Fivedadedairw如果此类名词短语强调的是其中的每个个体,谓语动词用复数形式。
e.g.Therearesixsilverdollarsinea如果做主语的名词短语由“aaapileof,apanelof,akindof,aad/sort/”构成,无论中心名词的形式如何,谓语动词的形式通常都是单数。
e.g.TakindgardThiskindofpeachisveryjuThiskindofstrawbghlypriced.
但是如果名词短语的结构为“复数名词+d”,谓语动词用复数。
e.g.Peadareju如果做主语的名词短语的形式为“these/dof+复数名词”,谓语动词用复数。
e.g.Tdofpeachesareveryju在“onein/outof+复数名词”这一结构后,谓语动词一般为单数形式。
e.gudentshasfailedtheexautoftwentywasbadlyhurt.
5.由“manya+单数名词”或者“morethanone+单数名词”组成的名词短语虽然在意义上是复数,但习惯上谓语动词用单数。
e.g.Manyawayhasbdanonegamewaslaastrieddoor.
6.在由anaverageof,ama构成的短语中,若中心词是average和majority,动词用单数;
若中心词是他们后面的复数名词,动词用复数。
e.g.Anaverageof2applyeaAnaverageof25applicationsa’tunusual.
Amawn’syoungermenaremovingAmavwasrecorded.
V.一些句型结构中的主谓一致
1.定语从句中的主谓一致
在“oneof+复数名词+定语从句”结构中,如果关系代词在定语从句中做主语,定语从句中的谓语通常用复数形式。
e.g.Tbestfilms,whichhaveappearedinalongtime.
&
在“theonl或者+复数名词+定语从句”结构中,如果关系代词在定语从句中做主语,定语从句的动词用单数形式。
e.g.TlbestfilmsthathaspleasedHlboyswhoiswillingtoaa2.存在句中的主谓一致
存在句中谓语动词的单复数形式由靠近它的名词决定。
e.g.TgraceandlesscarelTl-boxandthreeboxbag强调句中的主谓一致名词性从句中的主谓一致非谓语形式做主语的主谓一致
VI.其他结构中的主谓一致
1.主语有肯定和否定组合而成时,谓语动词与肯定主语一致。
e.g.NotyoubutIamtoblaIu,amtoblame
Nothebutyouaretobefireduaretobefired.
2.请注意以下例中动词的单复数形式lerksasmuchasthemanagerwbllHeratherthanhispablawananyoneelamily,isanxioustogaThemanagerwlerkswasworkingduringthewholeholidaThefatheraswellaldrenisgoingtoregBilltogetherwwashuaccidThetruckalongwithallitsgoodswasdestroyed.
Thebarn,inadduse,wasburned.
Nooneexcepttwoboyswaslateford主谓一致gverbtofillblaurschool,aswell,aalnearby,__________(was/were)buil0s.
2.Nobody__________(wants/want)athorriblemovWhatIsayandthink________(is/are)nobuuanyaman________(has/have)lpuTwoweeks__________(is/are)enoughforuPluits,milkandvegetables___________(isneeded/areneeded)forhealHakerswho____________(makeshis/ma)ideaseasilyunderstoodalacherswho_________(has/have)gwideaThenumbleinvited__________(was/were)butanumb________(was/were)abvariousrea0.Anumbldiers__________(has/have)gatheredatthecampgaWeeach_________(has/have)beengivenag2.Eachofus__________(has/have)beengivenagInthelivingroom___________(isfound/arefound)alargesofaandabookshelNotonlyIbutalsoTomandTiffany___________(is/are)fondgWhathewilldo_________(has/have)nothingtodowNeitherBillarents__________(is/are)surprisedawverymeans_________(hasbd/havebd)butwithoutmuchresulPolitics____________(is/are)licatedtoanalThePhil___________(lies/lie)uth-eaa.
20.Enougdata___________(has/have)beencollected.
21.Two-third__________(wasruined/wereruined)lood.
22.Ihavebeenworkinganyforayearalready.Howev__________(waspassed/werepassed)2anonegirl_________(was/were)missingdlastw24.Thenumbachers_______________(is/are)neverunder100l.
25.NotonlyhebutalsoI_________(am/is/are)toanswaccid26.Allbutone___________(was/were)herejustnow.
27.Jackaswellashistwofriends_________(is/are)worthteaching.
28.Writingandarticles___________(is/are)whatmyfa29.Herfamily________(is/are)quitewellexceptthatherunclehasbeenill.
30.Manyamanandmanyawoman__________(wishes/wish)thaadhadbettereducaverypolicemanandfireman___________(was/were)onal2.Thisglassworks___________(was/were)putu0Nagabook__________(is/are)allowedtobetakenouading-Dr.Hendrik,togetherwwifeanddaughters,_________(is/are)toarrivveningfligverybookexwo___________(has/have)beensoldverybody,menandwomen,oldandyoung,___________(enjoys/enjoy)andgaNotonlyyoubutalsoTom_________(has/have)madesuchamistaThesurroundinguse___________(is/are)faleaa__________(is/are)ugw0.Lubbish________(is/are)thrownawayeverydaThemadoctors___________(believes/believe)smokingisharmfultoheal2.Thirty-fivehundreddollars__________(was/were)asinglenight,which_______(was/were)unbelievablTand________(is/are)toattendougThepolice__________(is/are)searchingeverybodyatthegaThreefouurfalake_________(is/are)coveredwxgwstudx___________(is/are)girl_________(Is/Are)veminutesenougutog?
Allthatcanbedone__________(has/have)beendAnywauwho__________(has/have)therighttodecid0.Jalwgirlsthat__________(speaks/speak)wellvud___________(is/are)untrysid2.Three-fouwork____________(has/have)bdtodalddl___________(has/have)beenrepairedThetotalnumbulaa___________(was/were)1,100milliononAprilan60world’sprogrammes___________(is/are)inEnglThosewho________(has/have)nothandedleasehandaabeststudlasswho________(is/are)praisedbaThewholeclass__________(is/are)listeningtoteacherattentivelThesub___________(has/have)alwad0.TheUnitedStatesofAmerica________(is/are)developedcouworldInwinterwetclothes__________(is/are)ungupneara2.Nobody___________(is/are)allowedaTagazines__________(was/were)soldoutwithinhalfanhouAlargenumbudurclass___________(is/are)girlThenumbudl____________(is/are)notlargTheLeaguaryand__________(was/were)askedtomakeaagaryaswella__________(studies/study)aI,who_________(am/is/are)yourteacher,willblpyouwithyourstudT________(is/are)notalwaysha0.Johnhastwobbu_________(is/are)outofworknowThepolice__________(was/were)searchingurderereverywherewuddenlyappearedinathea2.About40ulaatcountry___________(lives/live)onfaAppld_________(tastes/taste)goodurtrousers________(is/are)dumusthavethemwashedTheOlympicGames___________(is/are)heldeveryfouryeaanyaman___________(has/have)lpuNoonebutherparents___________(knows/know)Hludentswho__________(is/are)electedNogirlandnoboy_________(is/are)fondofsuchadangerousga0.Theresulxamination__________(shows/show)thatyouhaveallmadeagreatprogTwoyuan_______(is/are)areasonablb2.Eau_________(is/are)blacciduan