价体系建立健全医院立体化绩效考核评价体系文档格式.docx
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1、前言:
1.Preface
在医疗改革呼声日益高涨和医疗市场竞争不断加剧的今天,医院如何改变原有的运行管理模式,适应新形势的变化,提高医院的核心竞争力,是医院管理者不可回避的重要问题。
我国医院的发展经历了从设备竞争——技术竞争——服务竞争——战略竞争的过程,目前正向文化竞争发展。
竞争就要有目标,目标是医院发展的方向,在当前医疗市场的竞争中,实施目标管理是医疗机构保持竞争实力的最常用方法之一,更是医院管理的最常用手段之一。
由于目标管理事先有比较明确的目标作为标准和动力,人们随时进行自我管理,并努力完成既定的工作目标。
目标管理辅以绩效考核的手段,可以督促人们在实现目标过程中,及时调整方向进行资源整合,最终达到组织利益的实现。
Howcanhospitaltransformthecurrentmodeofoperationandmanagement?
Howcanhospitaladaptitselftothenewsituation?
Howcanhospitalimproveitscentralcompetitivestrength?
Thosechallengeshavetobeapproachedbyhospitalmanagerstodayespeciallywhenhealthcarereformisearnestlycalledforbythemedicalmarketwithintensivecompetition.ThedevelopmentofhospitalsinChinahasexperiencedthecompetitioninequipment,technology,serviceandstrategyrespectivelyandnowisgettingintotheculturalcompetition.Competition,ofcourse,feelslikeanobjective,whichisthedirectionofahospital.Inthemedicalmarketcompetition,however,objectivemanagementisthemostpopularpracticeforamedicalagencytomaintainitscompetitivestrengthaswellastomanageahospital.Asobjectivemanagementcriesoutforadefiniteobjectiveinadvance,whichservesasastandardandimpetus,peoplecanconductselfmanagementatanytimeandstrivetoreachtheirgoal.Withhelpofperformanceappraisal,however,objectivemanagementmayenhancetimelyadjustmentofthecourseduringrealizationoftheobjectivetointegrateresourcesandeventuallytoobtainbenefits.
2、相关背景资料:
2.Background
近十年来,随着国务院及其他政府部门相关医疗政策的出台,以及中国加入WTO后医疗市场的逐步对外放开,国内的医疗行业状况发生了巨大的变化。
民营医院大量崛起,其中有些甚至收购了多家公立医院;
外资医院或机构正在大举入侵,其凭借独特的技术和服务优势占得了不小的市场份额;
随处可见的私人诊所和药店也如雨后春笋般出现。
这些都给公立医院的生存与发展带来了一定的冲击。
国家医改方案迟迟不能出台,虽然先后有十套方案相继出炉,却始终未能形成一套适合中国医疗市场的总体改革方案,医疗体制改革举步维艰,公立医院发展前景不明朗。
无锡市针对国际国内形势变化,在没有任何经验可借鉴的情况下,在国内率先进行了“政事分开,管办分离”运行机制的改革。
卫生局作为行政执法部门对公立医院的经营行为进行监管;
由卫生局分离出来的医院管理中心(以下简称医管中心)成为政府“办医院”和“管资产”的责任主体,“办医院”就是在法律法规及政策的框架下,通过优化配置资源,提高医疗质量,提供满足不同层次需求的代表市属医院水平的优质医疗产品。
“管资产”就是要确保国有资产保值和效益最大化。
在医管中心成立后,将前几年进行的以经济指标考核为主的“托管制”改革进一步深化为注重对社会效益和工作业绩综合考核的“医疗服务、资产经营委托管理法人代表任期目标责任制”改革,把解决医院建设和运行目标作为重点,探索所有权和经营权分离的模式,达到既尽显公益性特征、又增强医院活力的目的。
职能上下放医院经营管理、人事用工和经济分配权,激发医院活力。
医院则是专科建设、人才培养、医疗服务与经营的主体。
面对医管中心下达的涉及医院管理、医院信息、医疗安全、医疗服务、经济运作、医德医风六个方面内容,八大类17项数百条共1000分的考核标准,医院该如何确立一个符合自身发展需求的总体目标,并能按计划有步骤地加以实施,则显得尤为重要。
AshealthcarepolicieshavebeenpromulgatedbytheStateCouncilandothergovernmentalbodiesandthemedicalmarkethasbeengraduallyunveiledtooutsideafterChinaenteredWTOinthepast10years,agreatchangehashappenedtoChinesemedicalindustry,wherearerisingalotofprivatehospitals,someevenacquisitionedafewpublichospitals;
meanwhile,manyforeign-fundedhospitalsoragenciesarerushingofftheirheadintoChinaandtheyhaveamuchshareofthemarketthankstotheiruniquesuperiorityinbothserviceandtechnology;
andontheotherhand,privateclinicsanddrugstoreshaveemergedhereandthere,which,insomedegree,istroublingthesurvivalanddevelopmentofpublichospitals.10nationalhealth-care-reformprograms,althoughpublishedinsuccession,failtobringaboutageneralschemewhichissuitableforChinesemedicalmarket.Inthisconnection,thehealthcarereformisstillfarfrommaturedand,asaresult,publichospitalisstillfightingitswaytosurviveanddevelop.Inviewofthepresentsituationathomeandabroad,WuxiCityhaspioneeredtoundertakethereformonhospitaloperationsmechanism,i.e.“Separatinggovernmentfunctionsfrompublicinstitutionsandadministrationfrombusinessrunning”withoutanyexperiencetobereferenced.Asanenforcingbody,theBureauofHealthofWuxiCityservestosupervisethebusinessofpublichospitals;
theHospitalManagementCenter(HMC)separatedfromtheBureauofHealthisaresponsibleentityofthegovernmentto“runhospitals”and“manageassets”.“Runninghospital”callsforprovidingqualitymedicalproductsonamunicipallevelwhichcanmeetdemandfromdifferentwalksoflifebyoptimizingarrangementofresourcesandfurtherimprovingthequalityofhealthcareincompliancewithlaws,rulesandregulations.“Managingassets”,however,callsformaintainingstateownedassetsandmaximizingtheirbenefits.AfterHMCwasestablished,“entrustingsystem”reform,characteristicofeconomicindexassessmentputintopracticeyearsago,hasbeenfurtheredintothereformof“targetresponsibilitysystemsetfortheofficetermofthelegalrepresentativeentrustedtomanagemedicalserviceandassetsoperation”.Thissystemfocusesoncomprehensiveassessmentwhichismadeoverthesocialbenefitsandbusinessperformanceandattachesimportancetoreachingthegoalofhospitaloperations,withaviewtoexploringamodeofseparatingownershipandmanagementtorealizepublicwelfareandactivatehospital.Intermsoffunction,thepoweroverhospitalbusinessmanagement,humanresourcesrecruitandfinancialallocationisdistributedtolowerlevelstoenergizehospital,whichservestoundertakefacultyconstruction,talentstraining,medicalservicesandoperations.HMChasissuedhundredsofassessmentcriteriaamountingto1000markscomposedof17itemscoveringeighttypesandsixaspects,namelyhospitalmanagement,hospitalinformation,medicalsecurity,medialservice,financialpracticeandmedicalethics.Inthisconnection,itisveryimportantforahospitaltocorrectlyestablishageneralgoalwhichsatisfiesitsowndevelopmentandactonthisgoalasplannedstepbystep.
我所在的无锡市第四人民医院是一所集医疗、教学、科研、预防、保健为一体的卫生部首批三级综合性医院,是无锡市肿瘤医院和苏州大学附属第四医院;
也是苏州大学生命科学学院临床肿瘤和分子生物研究所、无锡市肿瘤防治研究所所在地;
无锡市心胸外科治疗中心和无锡市麻醉科质量控制中心均设在我院。
医院技术力量雄厚,专科特色明显。
以肿瘤诊断治疗为重点,其他学科协调发展。
医院开放床位1050张,肿瘤床位占总开放床位的50%以上。
医护员工1250名,其中医师430名,护士458名;
拥有高级职称138名,其中主任医师、教授34名,副主任医师、副教授94名。
年门、急诊量60万人次,出院病人2.8万人次。
Myemployer,WuxiFourthPeople’sHospital(WFPH),isoneofthefirstlotofgrade3comprehensivehospitalscertifiedbyMinistryofHealthofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,whichintegrateshealthservice,training,research,illnesspreventionandhealthcare.ItsimultaneouslyservesasWuxiCancerHospitalandFourthHospitalAttachedtoSuzhouUniversity.Meanwhile,thishospitalalsohousesClinicalCancer&
MolecularBiologyResearchInstituteattachedtoSuzhouUniversityLifeScienceSchool,WuxiCancerPreventionandTreatmentResearchInstitute,WuxiCardiothoracicSurgeryTreatmentCenterandWuxiAnesthesiaQualityControlCenter.Powerfulintechnologyandcharacteristicofspecialfaculty,thishospitalfocusesoncancerdiagnosisandtreatmentwithotherfacultiesdevelopedinbalance.Thereare1050beds,ofwhichthoseusedforcancerfacultyaccountforover50%.Thehospitalisstaffedwith1250employees,430beingphysiciansand458beingnurses;
138employeesareofseniortechnician,34ofthembeingchiefphysiciansorprofessorsand94beingassociatechiefphysiciansorassociateprofessors.600,000patient·
timescomeforemergencyorasoutpatientinayear,ofwhichthereare28,000dischargedpatient·
times.
经过三十年的建设,我院已成为一所区域性的肿瘤诊治中心。
进一步提高肿瘤诊治水平,完善综合医学救治能力,满足广大病员日益增长的诊治需求,在挽救病人生命与改善病人生活质量方面作出不懈地努力,成为名副其实的苏南地区具有影响力的肿瘤中心,是我们大家共同的愿景和重要的任务。
After30years’efforts,thishospitalhascometobeacancerdiagnosisandtreatmentcenterinthisregionandwehopethatwecanbeworthyofthefamouscancercenterinSouthJiangsubyfurtherimprovingcancerdiagnosisandtreatment,perfectingcomprehensivemedicaltreatment,satisfyingpatients’increasingdemandfordiagnosisandtreatmentandsparingnoeffortstosavepatients’lifeandimprovetheirlivingquality.
作为一家大型国有公立医院,如何适应医疗体制未变,但运行机制却发生改变的形势,全面完成医管中心下达的目标任务;
如何面对社会对医疗服务过高需求与员工自身素质参差不齐的考验;
如何在市场经济的大潮中,面对医疗市场开放后外资医院的竞相涌入,面对国内民营医院的蓬勃发展,面对公立医院之间的激烈竞争,保持旺盛的生命力等等。
挑战是全方位的,压力也是前所未有的。
但挑战总是与机遇并存。
作为医院管理者,不仅要自己明确医院发展方向,更要让员工明确奋斗目标与前进航向,寻求一种职工共同参与、自我管理的方式,同舟共济,则是所有医院管理者所期盼的。
Howcanwe,asalarge-sizedstate-ownedpublichospital,adapttothenewsituationwherethemedicalsystemisunchangedbutthebusinessoperationischangedtocompletetasksassignedbyHMC?
Howcanweapproachthechallengeswhenpeoplehaveanover-demandformedicalservicesbuttheemployeesareirregularinquality?
Howcanwemaintainexuberantvitalitywhenforeign-fundedhospitalsfloodedinafterthemedicalmarketwasopened,vigorousdevelopmentofprivatehospitalsathomeandacutecompetitionbetweenpublichospitalsinthemarketeconomy?
Althoughthereareall-aroundandunprecedentedchallenges,theyareaccompaniedbyopportunities.Ahospitalmanagershallnotonlyspecifythehospital’sdirection,butalsoleadthestafftospecifytheirown.Ofcourse,allmanagerslookforwardtohavingamethodbywhichthestaffareinvolvedtogetherandmakeselfmanagementsothateveryonehasaclearmindthattheyareinthesameboat.
3、绩效管理文献回顾:
Reviewoftheliteratureonperformancemanagement:
绩效考核是医院管理的一个重要手段和方法,是对管理目标实现和评价的客观、公正的体现。
目标管理于20世纪50年代中期出现,是以泰罗的科学管理和行为科学理论为基础形成的一套管理制度,可以调动人们亲自参加工作目标制定的积极性。
持续改进与提高管理水平需要制订科学合理、注重实绩的考评体系,才能进行全面、客观、公正、公平的评价,这是落实管理的基点。
Asanimportantwaytomanagehospitals,performanceassessmentcanimpartiallyandobjectivelyembodyrealizationofmanagementbyobjectives.Borninmid-1950s,managementbyobjectivesisasetofmanagementsystemsformedonthebasisofthereasonablemanagementandbehaviorsciencetheoryfoundedbyFrederickWinslowTaylor,whichisexpectedtoarousepeople’senthusiasmtoinvolvepersonallyinmakingtheobjective.Inordertocontinuouslyrenovateandimprovemanagement,itisnecessarytoestablishareasonableassessmentsystemwhichfocusesonactualperformance.Onlyinthiswaycanappraisalbemadefully,equally,objectivelyandimpartially.Thisisthebasepointtorea