人邮计算机英语第三版课后习题答案docWord文档下载推荐.docx

人邮计算机英语第三版课后习题答案docWord文档下载推荐.docx

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●IftheinstructionrequiresanALUorspecializedhardwaretocomplete,instructthehardwaretoperformtherequestedoperation.

●WritetheresultfromtheALUbacktoamemorylocationortoaregisterorperhapsanoutputdevice.

●Jumpbacktothefirststep.

（4）ThetwoclassesofoperationsALUiscapableofperformingarearithmeticandlogic.

（5）LogicoperationsinvolveBooleanlogic:

AND,OR,XORandNOT.

（6）Acomputer'

smemorycanbeviewedasalistofcellsintowhichnumberscanbeplacedorread.Eachcellhasanumbered"

address"

andcanstoreasinglenumber.

（7）ThetwoprincipalvarietiesofcomputermainmemoryarerandomaccessmemoryorRAMandread-onlymemoryorROM.

（8）InaPC,thespecializedprogramcalledtheBIOSorchestratesloadingthecomputer'

soperatingsystemfromtheharddiskdriveintoRAMwheneverthecomputeristurnedonorreset.（9）SoftwarethatisstoredinROMisoftencalledfirmwarebecauseitisnotionallymorelikehardwarethansoftware.

（10）I/Oisthemeansbywhichacomputerreceivesinformationfromtheoutsideworldandsendsresultsback.

〖Ex.2〗根据下面的英文解释，写出相应的英文词汇

（1）input

（2）microprocessor（3）program（4）bus（5）hardware（6）memory（7）output（8）cell（9）register（10）address

〖Ex.3〗把下列句子翻译为中文

（1）他进城的目的是买一台新计算机。

（2）大多数在线服务都有自己的浏览器。

（3）软盘可以是双倍密度的或者高密度的。

（4）公式包括单元的地址。

（5）C语言也许最适宜被称为“中级语言”。

（6）每一个浏览器都有内置的功能来理解HTML。

（7）C语言是世界上最流行的计算机语言之一。

（8）Java技术既是一种编程语言，也是一个平台。

（9）实际上，一个视窗管理器可以被看作是命令行操作系统的图形用户界面。

（10）数据库管理系统处理用户对数据库的操作请求。

〖Ex.5〗将下列词填入适当的位置（每词只用一次）

（1）hardware

（2）operate（3）device（4）other（5）effective（6）moving（7）considered（8）designer（9）exists（10）speed

〖Ex.6〗根据课文内容回答问题

（1）Thecomputerenclosureisusedtoprotectthecomponentsandcircuitryhousedthereinfromphysicaldamage,andtopreventelectromagneticsignalsgeneratedbycomponentsofthecomputerfromescapingandcausingelectromagneticinterference（EMI）tootherelectronicdevicesinthevicinityofthecomputer.

（2）Atypicalcomputerenclosureincludesachassis,anexpansioncardseat,afrontbezelandapluralityofcomponentsconnectabletoexternalapparatusandsystems.

（3）Ageneralcomputersystemisbasicallybuiltwithamotherboard,interfacecardsandperipherals.

（4）Themotherboardisthephysicalarrangementthatcontainsthesystem'

sbasiccircuitryandcomponents.

（5）Memoryisasemiconductorstoragedeviceforholdingprogramsordata.There'

rethreebasicformsofmemories.Theyaredynamicstorage,non-volatilememoryandstaticmemory.

Indynamicstorage,datamustbeconstantlyrefreshedanddataareerasedwhenpowerisnolongerappliedtothecell.Innon-volatilememory,dataremainspermanentlyinthecellevenwhenpowerisnotapplied,andinstaticmemorydatadoesnotneedtoberefreshedbutitsdataislostwhenpowerisnolongerappliedtothecell.

（6）RAMdiffersfromROMinthatwhenpowerisdisconnectedfromRAM,thedatastoredinrandomaccessmemoryislostwhereaswhenpowerisdisconnectedfromROMthedatastoredinreadonlymemoryremains.

（7）ROMcanbefurthercategorizedintoaprogrammablereadonlymemory（PROM）,erasableprogrammablereadonlymemory（EPROM）,andelectricallyerasableprogrammablereadonlymemory（EEPROM）.Whereas,RAMcanbefurthercategorizedintoastaticrandomaccessmemory（SRAM）andadynamicrandomaccessmemory（DRAM）.

（8）Acomputerdataprocessorisoftenreferredtoasamicroprocessor.Amicroprocessorisacircuitthatcombinestheinstruction-handling,arithmetic,andlogicaloperationsofacomputeronasinglesemiconductorintegratedcircuit.Microprocessorscanbegroupedintotwogeneralclasses,namelygeneral-purposemicroprocessorsandspecial-purposemicroprocessors.

（9）Aharddiskdrive（HDD）isadevicethatstoresorreproducesdatainadesiredstoragelocationbymovingitsmagneticheadtothedesiredlocationinaheadloadstate.Theharddiskdriveisstandardequipmentforpersonalcomputer,serverorindustrialcomputer.

（10）Generally,theHDDiselectricallyconnectedwithamotherboardofthecomputerbymeansofasignalcableassemblyandapowercableassemblyinterconnectedbetweenthemotherboardandtheswitchingpowersupply.

Unit2〖Ex.1〗根据课文内容回答问题

（1）Acathoderaytube（CRT）displaysapicturebydisplayingapluralityofpixelsonascreenusingelectricchargeswhicharedischargedfromacathoderaytubeandimpactafluorescentplate.

（2）CRTmonitorsarelargeandbulkyduetothelargevacuumtubesthatenclosethecathodeandextendfromthecathodetothefaceplateofthedisplay.Additionally,CRTsrequirearelativelyhighvoltagepowersupplytosufficientlyaccelerateelectronbeamsfordisplayingimages.

（3）Theflatpaneldisplaymayincludealiquidcrystaldisplay（LCD）,aplasmadisplaypanel（PDP）,anorganiclightemittingdisplay（OLED）,andafieldemissiondisplay（FED）,etc.

（4）Aprinterisanimageformationdevicewhichreceivesdatafromahostcomputerandthenformsacorrespondingimageontoarecordablemediumsuchasasheetofpaper.

（5）Dot-impactprinter,inkjetprinter,laserprinter,andthermalprinterthemostpopularprinters.

（6）Inkjetprintinghasgainedwideacceptancebyconsumersintheprintingindustrybecauseitisfastinprintingspeedandisarelativelyinexpensiveformofprintingandyetitproduceshighresolutionprintedimages.

（7）Thelaserprinterhasadvantageousoperatingcharacteristicsoflownoise,highspeedandhighresolution.

（8）Asoundcardoftenincludesapowerfulnumericprocessor,suchasadigitalsignalprocessor（DSP）,whichcanperformfrequencymodulationsynthesisforthevariousfunctionsofthesoundboard.

（9）Intypicalnetworks,computersystemsuseNICstoenablethemtocommunicateovernetworkswithothercomputersystems.

（10）Anetworkinterfacecardtypicallyprovidesaphysicalconnectionbetweenahostandanetworkornetworks,aswellasprovidingmediaaccesscontrol（MAC）functionsthatallowthehosttoaccessthenetworkornetworks.

（1）screen

（2）monitor（3）pixel（4）cathode（5）faceplate

（6）voltage（7）reciprocate（8）continuous（9）resolution

（10）character

（1）操作系统是管理计算机资源的程序。

（2）典型的计算机数据库包括数据记录和文件的集合。

（3）压缩过的文件通常要使用像PKZip或WinZip这样的实用工具软件解压。

（4）只通过行号和列标（如“A1”）来调用单元格称作相对引用。

（5）软盘不能保存太多的数据，但绝大多数计算机都能够读取它们的信息。

（6）万维网涉及因特网上所有可以公共访问的文档。

（7）数据库管理系统允许用户对安全性和数据完整性请求进行控制。

（8）要执行数学运算，函数比公式更有效。

（9）在更大的网络中，从一个交换点到另一个交换点的旅行被称为“中继”。

（10）统一资源定位符基本上就是赋给浏览器的一个文件的地址。

（1）laser

（2）mix（3）layers（4）heat（5）cooled

（6）become（7）controlling（8）reflect（9）absorb

（10）digital（11）results（12）reformed

〖Ex.6〗根据课文内容填空

（1）five,amajortechnologicaldevelopment

（2）vacuumtubes,magneticdrums,veryexpensive,heat

（3）machinelanguage,one

（4）UNIVAC,ENIACcomputers

（5）transistors,punchedcards,printouts

（6）symbolic,orassembly,languages,tospecifyinstructionsinwords,COBOL,FORTRAN

（7）theintegratedcircuit,amassaudience,smallerandcheaper

（8）Themicroprocessor,asinglesiliconchip

（9）IBM,1984

（10）artificialintelligence

（11）Quantumcomputation,nanotechnology

（12）naturallanguageinput,learningandself-organization

Unit3〖Ex.1〗根据课文内容回答问题

（1）Computersoftwareconsistsofprograms.Itenablesacomputertoperformspecifictasks.Thetermincludesapplicationsoftware,systemsoftwareandmiddleware.

（2）Amachinelanguageconsistsofgroupsofbinaryvaluessignifyingprocessorinstructions（objectcodes）,whichchangethestateofthecomputerfromitsprecedingstate.

（3）Systemsoftwarehelpsrunthecomputerhardwareandcomputersystem.Itincludesoperatingsystems,devicedrivers,diagnostictools,servers,windowingsystems,utilitiesandmore.

（4）Programmingsoftwareusuallyprovidestoolstoassistaprogrammerinwritingcomputerprogramsandsoftwareusingdifferentprogramminglanguagesinamoreconvenientway.Thetoolsincludetexteditors,compilers,interpreters,linkers,debuggers,andsoon.

（5）Applicationsoftwareallowsenduserstoaccomplishoneormorespecific（non-computerrelated）tasks.Typicalapplicationsincludeindustrialautomation,businesssoftware,educationalsoftware,medicalsoftware,databases,andcomputergames.

（6）Theyareplatformsoftware,applicationsoftwareandusersoftware.

（7）Platformsoftwareincludesthefirmware,devicedrivers,anoperatingsystem,andtypicallyagraphicaluserinterface.

（8）TypicalexamplesofapplicationsoftwareareOfficesuitesandvideogames.

（9）Usersoftwareincludesspreadsheettemplates,wordprocessormacros,scientificsimulations,andscriptsforgraphicsandanimations.

（10）Instructionsmaybeperformedsequentially,conditionally,oriteratively.Sequentialinstructionsarethoseoperationsthatareperformedoneafteranother.