中英 钢结构施工方案外管廊Word格式.docx
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钢结构工程所用钢材应具有质量证明书,并符合设计和专业标准的要求。
钢材表面或断面不得有裂纹、结疤、折叠、气泡、夹层和分层,表面锈蚀、麻点或者划痕等缺陷,缺陷深度不应大于钢板厚度负偏差的1/2。
3.2Thereshouldbecertificatesofqualityfortheweldingmaterialsusedforthesteelstructures.Furthermore,theweldingmaterialshouldcomplywiththeregulationsofdesignandnationalstandards.Weldingrodsdeterioratedbydamp,withbrokencoatingorrustedcoresarestrictlyprohibitedtobeused.
钢结构所用焊接材料应具有质量证明书,并符合设计和国家标准的规定。
受潮变质、药皮破损、焊芯生锈的焊条严禁使用;
3.3Thereshouldbecertificatesofqualityfortheconnectionmaterialandcoatingmaterialusedforthesteelstructures.Furthermore,thesteelstructuresshouldbeaccordedwiththedesignrequirementsandnationalcurrentstandards.
钢结构工程所采用的连接材料和涂装材料,应有出厂质量证明书并符合设计要求和国家现行标准。
3.4Inneedofsubstitutivematerials,theremustbesubstitutivereceiptsofthematerialsexaminedandapprovedbydesignunit.
如需材料代用,必须持有设计部门审批的材料代用单;
3.5Thematerialsiteshouldbedividedintouncheckedareas,qualifiedproductareasandrejectedproductareas.Theinspectedmaterialsshouldberespectivelymarked,stackedandstoredaccordingtotype,quality,sizeandinspectionstatus.Storingsmallitemsintothewarehouseandbigitemintheopenair,thereshouldbesomethinglaidunderandsomethingcoveredabove.Thereceiptanddistributionaccountandmanagementshouldbewellperformed.
材料摆放场地要划分未检验区、合格品区和不合格品区,检验后的材料作好标识,按品种、材质、规格和检验状态分别标识、堆放和保管,小件入库,大件室外摆放要下铺上盖,并做好收发台帐和管理工作。
4.Prefabricationofsteelstructures
钢结构预制
4.1Prefabricationandcorrosionprotectionofsteelstructureshallbeperformedattheprefabricationshopandthentransportedtoconstructionsiteforinstallation.
钢结构在现场设置的预制厂集中预制,防腐,运至现场安装。
4.2Processingofaccessories
零件加工
4.2.1Settingout:
theinstallationdimensionandholespacingonthedrawingsshallbeverified;
nodalpointshallbesetoutat1:
1enlargeddetail;
dimensionsateachpartshallbeverified;
mouldboardandrodshallbefabricatedtoserveasprocessingbasisofblanking,bending,millinganddrilling.
放样:
核对图纸的安装尺寸和孔距;
以1:
1的大样放出节点;
核对各部分的尺寸;
制作样板和样杆作为下料、弯制、铣、刨、制孔等加工的依据。
4.2.1Laying-out:
checkandverificationofmaterial;
processingpositionforcutting,milling,beveling,bendinganddrillingshallbelaidoutonthematerial;
Punching:
accessoriesshallbemarkedwithdashnumber.Combinationshallbeconductedaccordingtoburdensheetandmouldboardandsavematerialsasmuchaspossible.Whileperforminglaying-out,thecuttingallowanceshallbeaddedaspermaterialthicknessandcuttingmethod.
号料:
检查核对材料;
在材料上划出切割、铣、刨、弯曲、钻孔等加工位置;
打冲孔;
标出零件编号。
根据配料表和样板进行套裁,尽可能节约材料。
号料时,根据材料厚度和切割方法加出适当的切割余量。
4.2.3Materialcutting:
methodforitconsistsofgascutting,machinecutting,punching-dieandblanking,sawcutting,etc.Theallowabledeviationsoflaying-outandmouldboardarelistedinthefollowingtable:
下料:
下料的方法有气割、机切、冲模落料和锯切等。
放样和样板允许偏差如下表:
Allowabledeviationsoflaying-outandmouldboard
放样和样板允许偏差
Descriptions
Allowabledeviations(mm)
平行线距离和分段尺寸
Thedistancebetweenparallellinesandintermediate(mm)
±
0.5mm
对角线差differenceofdiagonalline
1.0mm
宽度、长度widthandlength
孔距holespacing
加工样板的角度angleofprocessingmouldboard
20′
零件外形尺寸overalldimensionofaccessories
1.0
4.2.4Straightness:
straighteningmachineshallbeusedtocalibratethebendpartofstructuralsteel,andH-shapedsteelinparticular.Theverticalitydeviationfromflangegirthtowebplatesshallbecontrolledwithinallowablevalue.
平直:
对钢材弯曲部分使用型钢矫正机进行矫正,特别是H型钢,要把翼缘对腹板的垂直度偏差控制在允许值以内。
4.2.5Hole:
Holeshallbeformedbydrillingmachine,portableelectricaldrill.
制孔:
用钻床、手提式电钻进行制孔。
4.3Consolidationandconnection
拼装和连接
4.3.1Thepreparedsemi-productsandaccessoriesshallbeinstalledascomponentsorotherpartsaspertransportationunitspecifiedbydrawings,andthenconnectedinintegrity.Incaseofconcealedwelding,coveringwillbepermittedonlyafterqualifiedwelding.
把制备完成的半成品和零件按图纸规定的运输单元,安装成构件或其部件,然后连接成为整体。
拼装必须按工艺要求的次序进行,当有隐蔽施焊时,必须先予以施焊,经检验合格方可覆盖。
4.3.2Whilearrangingandassemblingtheclampingfixture,theweldingshrinkageandallowanceofbluntprocessingshallbetakenintoaccountofthelocation.Inordertoreducedeformation,assemblyweldingofsmallpartsshallbeadoptedasmuchaspossible;
assemblyofbigpartsshallbecarriedoutaftercalibrationofthesmallones.Theinitialclampingfixtureshallpassastrictinspectionbeforemassassemblage.
布置拼装胎具时,其定位必须考虑预放出焊接收缩量及齐头加工的余量。
为减少变形,尽量采取小件组焊,经矫正后再大件组装。
胎具做出的首件必须经过严格检验,方可大批量进行装配工作。
4.3.3Tofacilitatethesearching,theassembledcomponentsshallbeinstantlymarkedwithpaintatobviouspart,withdrawingnumber,componentnumberandquantity.
拼装好的构件应立即用油漆在明显部位编号,写明图号、构件号和件数,以便查找。
4.4Calibration,drillingandinspectionofthefinishedproduct.
成品矫正、钻孔和检验
4.4.1Flangelevelingmachine,oilpressandpressmachineshallbeusedtoconductflattening.
使用翼缘矫平机、油压机、压力机进行矫正。
4.4.2Millingofcomponentendshallbeperformedonthemiller.
构件端部的铣平在端面铣床上进行。
4.4.3Mechanicalmethodshallbeadoptedtoprocessthebolthole.Allowabledeviationsofholeandspacingshallbeasfollow:
螺栓孔应采用机械方法加工,孔及孔距允许偏差如下表:
Allowabledeviationsofbolthole
螺栓孔的允许偏差
Descriptions项目
Allowabledeviations允许偏差(mm)
Diameter直径
01.0
Roundness圆度
2.0
Verticality垂直度
0.03and≤2.0
Allowabledeviationsofspacingoftheboltholes
螺栓孔孔距允许偏差
Description项目
Allowabledeviations(mm)允许偏差(mm)
≤500
501~1200
1200~3000
>3000
同一组内任意两孔间距spacingbetweenanytwoholesinthesamegroup
1.5
—
相邻两组的端孔间距spacingbetweenendholesoftheadjacenttwogroups
2.5
3.0
4.4.4Forcomplexcomponentatinstallationnode,nodalorintegraltrialassemblesshallbeperformedattheprefabricatingshop.
安装节点构造复杂的构件,应在预制厂进行节点试装或整体试装。
4.4.5Aftertheinspectionandqualificationoftechnicaldataofcomponents,cratersandpitscausedbytheprocessingshallbepatchweldedandpolishedforflatness.Temporarysupportandfixtureshallbecutoff.
构件的各项技术数据经检验合格后,对加工过程中造成的焊疤、凹坑应予补焊并打磨平整。
对临时支撑、夹具应予割除。
4.5Componentassembly
构件组装
4.5.1Intheprefabricatingshop,assemblingandliningplatform,assemblingdiecarriershallbeerectedflatandstabletoensuretheassemblingaccuracyofcomponents.
预制厂内搭设组装平台、拼装平台和组装膜架,应平整牢固,以保证构件的组装精度。
4.5.2Relevantassemblymeasuresshallbeproposedaccordingtotheconstructiondrawings,standardofprocessandqualificationandcombinedwithcomponentcharacteristics.
必须根据施工图、工艺和质量标准并结合构件特点,提出相应的组装措施。
4.5.3Pre-deformationmeasuresandweldingshrinkageshallbetakenintoaccountofthecomponentassembly.
应考虑构件组装的预变形措施和焊接收缩量。
4.5.4Formaterialinneedofsplicing,splicingandcalibrationshallbeconductedbeforeassembly.
凡需要拼接的材料,应先拼接并矫正后再组装。
4.5.5Reasonableassemblingsequenceshallbedeterminedaccordingtostructuralstyleandweldingmethod.
根据结构形式、焊接方法,确定合理的组装顺序。
4.5.6Thespecification,quantityandqualityofprocessedaccessoriesandcomponentsshallbeinspected.Alltheaccessoriesshallbecalibrated.
Rustandburronthecontactsurfaceandwithinarangeof30-50mmaroundtheweldedgeshallbecleanedthoroughly.
对加工的零件、部件应检查其规格、数量、质量,所有零件必须矫正。
接触面及沿焊缝边缘30-50mm范围内的铁锈、毛刺等必须清除干净。
4.6Weldingofsteelstructure
钢结构焊接
4.6.1Weldingprocedureshallensurethatalltheweldersworkwithcertificates.Weldingprocedurequalificationshallbewellperformedandstrictlycompliedduringtheconstruction.
焊接施工确保所有焊工持证上岗。
做好焊接工艺评定工作,施工中严格按焊接工艺评定进行。
4.6.2Weldingrodshallbestoredinspecialwarehousesandmanagedbyspecially-assignedperson.Managementregulationsofweldingrodshallbecompiledandshalltakechargeofmaintaining,baking,providingandrecoveringofweldingrods.Recordsshallbeproperlyfilled.
焊条要有专用库房设专人管理,制定焊条管理制度,对焊条的保管、
烘烤、发放、回收负责,并做好各项记录。
4.6.3Duringtheweldingprocess,weldingrodshallbestoredinthethermostatcontainerforuse.
焊接过程中焊条应放入保温筒,随用随取.。
4.6.4Inwindyandrainingdays,preventionsshallbetakenbeforewelding.
刮风下雨天气必须采取防护措施方可进行焊接。
4.6.5Reasonableweldingsequenceshallbeselectedtopreventorreduceweldingdeformationofsteelstructure.Forworkpiecewithsymmetricweldjoint,balancedweldingshallbeadoptedtothegreatestextent.Forweldjointswithasymmetricdistribution,weldingdeformationshallbecontrolledbyweldingsequence.Forinstance,intermittentweldshallbeadoptedforlongweldingjoint;
forweldingjointexceeds1m,backstepmethodandskipweldingmaybeadoptedtoreduceweldingdeformation.
施焊时应选择合理的施焊顺序,以防止或减少钢结构的焊接变型,对于具有对称焊缝的工件,尽量采用对称焊;
对一些焊缝布置不对称的焊缝,以焊接顺序控制焊接的变形量。
如:
对长焊缝可采用断续焊缝,对焊缝在1m以上时,可采用逐步退焊法、跳焊法等以减少焊接变形。
4.6.6Weldingsequenceofcolumn-beamconnection:
topcolumn-beamconnectionshallbeweldedfirst,then