外文翻译3G技术Word下载.docx

外文翻译3G技术Word下载.docx

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Althoughthetechnologybehind3Gmayseemcomplicated,thewaysinwhich3Gwillaffectallofourlivesareeasytoimagine.Justimaginehavingacombinedcamera,videocamera,computer,stereo,andradioincludedinyourmobilephone.Rich-mediainformationandentertainmentwillbeatyourfingertipswheneveryouwantanywherethereisawirelessnetwork.

Mobilecommunicationismovingfromsimplevoicetorichmedia,whereweusemoreofoursensestointensifyourexperiences.

Butnotallofthiswillhappenatonce.3Gisanevolutiontoacommunicationsidealthatwecannotseetheendofyet.WedoknowthatmobilemultimediawillhittheJapanesemarkets,andEuropeandNorthAmericawillfollowsoonafter.

Wealsoknowthat,regardlessofwhetheryoufindnewtechnologiesintimidatingorfascinating,3Gwillbringahostofmobileservicesthatwillbringmoreinformation,moreefficiency,andmorejoytoyourlife.

3Gbringstogetherhigh-speedmobileaccessandInternetProtocol（IP）-basedservicesintoonepowerfulenvironment.ThesteptowardsIPisvital.IPispacket-based,whichinsimpleterms,meansuserscanbe‘online’atalltimes,butwith-outhavingtopayuntilweactuallysendorreceivedata.TheconnectionlessnatureofIPalsomakesaccessalotfaster:

filedownloadscantakeafewsecondsandwecanbeconnectedtoourcorporatenetworkwithasingleclick.Thisdoesn'

tjustmeanfastmobileconnectiontotheWorldWideWebbyliberatingusfromslowconnections,cumbersomeequipmentandimmovableaccesspoints,3Gwillenablenewwaystocommunicate,accessinformation,conductbusinessandlearn.

3Gintroduceswidebandradiocommunications,withaccessspeedsofupto2mbps.Comparedwithtoday’smobilenetworks,3Gwillsignificantlyboostnetworkcapacity–sooperatorswillbeabletosupportmoreusers,aswellasoffermoresophisticatedservices.

TheGSMstandardiscontinuallyevolvingtoincorporatenewtechnologies,makingitthemostpopularmobilecommunicationstandardonagloballevel.

SubscribergrowthinAfricaoverthepast3yearshasbeenveryrapidanditshowsnosignofabatement.Voicecommunicationhasbeenthedrivingforcebehindthesubscribergrowth.However,wearebeginningtoseenarrowbanddata,suchasSMS,startingtogeneratesignificantrevenuefornetworkoperatorsandsolutionproviders.

Itishopedthathighspeed,broadbanddatacommunicationwillcontinuetodrivecustomergrowthandspendingevenfurther.Naturally,thetechnologyfromaconsumer’spointofviewmustbeeasytouseandbeafford-able.Licencefeesfor3Gspectrumsareprovingtobeveryexpensiveandgovernmentsmayhaveshotthemselvesinthefootbeforeasinglepack-etofdataistransmitted,asinvariably,thiscostispassedontotheconsumer.

Overhalfoftheworld’spopulationhavenevermadeatelephonecallandthisiscertainlytrueforAfrica.Shouldgovernmentsandnetworkoperatorsbeworryingabouthighspeeddata,orshouldtheysimplybeprovidingvoiceservicewithlimitedfaxanddatacapabilitiesi.e.currentwirelesstechnologysuchasGSMorDECT?

3Gisagenerictermcoveringarangeoffuturewirelessnetworktechnologies,includingUniversalMobileTelecommunicationStandard（UMTS）,GeneralPacketRadioService（GPRS）,WidebandCodeDivisionMultipleAccess（WCDMA）,cdma2000,andEnhancedDataratesforGlobalEvolution（EDGE）.

Frommobilemultimediathroughtomachine-to-machinecommunications,3Gisgoingtobethecatalystforawholenewsetofmobileservices,enablingustoaccessadvancedservicesanywhere,anytime.We’llbefreedfromtheconfinesofcables,fixedaccesspointsandlowconnectionspeeds.

3G-Athome

3Gisgoingtoaffectourhomeandsociallivesinmanyways.Theservicesthat3Genableswillhelpustomanmageourpersonalinformation,simplifytaskssuchasgroceryshopping,makebetteruseofourtimeandofferservicesthatarejustfuntouse.

Operatorswillbeabletodevelopmyriadnewserviceopportunitiestoattractandretainnewcustomers.Herearesomeexamples:

You’resittingonatrainandusethis“dead”timetologontoyourbankaccount,checkyourbalanceandpayafewbills-allthroughyour3Gdevice.Yousavetimeandcanbesmarteraboutmanagingyourfinances.

Onatouringvacation,youarriveinanewcity,Youhaven’tmadeanyreservationsinadvance,becauseyoucandothiswhenyougetthere,byusingyour3Ghandsettoobtainup-to-dateinformation,includinghotelvacancies.Havingbookedaroom,youcanuseyourmobiletoviewvideoclipsoflocaltouristattractionsandtalktosomeonefromthelocaltouristinformationbureauatthesametime.

3G-Atwork

3Gwillnotjustsupporttheneedsofbusinesspeoplewhotravelalot,butwillalsohelpnew,flexibleworkingpractices,suchashome-workingandremoteaccesstocorporatenetwotksoutsidetraditionalworkinghours.Businesspeopleareoftenhigh-volumeratimeusers,sotheyrepresentabigoppprtunityformobileoperators.Herearesomeexamples:

Atworkyoureceiveamessagefrom“smart”refrigeratorathome.Themessagetellsthatcertainitemsneedrestockingandanorderhasalreadybeengroceriesarereadytocollectonthewayhome.

Youareontheroad,andurgentlyneedtodiscussadraftpresentationwithanumberofcolleaguesbackintheoffice.Pullingintoaservicestation,youuseyour3Gdevicetoholdatelemeetingwithyoucolleaguesand,atthesametime,youcanallviewthedraftpresentationandmakechangesonline.

Amaintenanceengineerisrepairingsomeequipmentonaclient’spremisesandhitsaproblem.Usinghis3Gdevices,hecantactshisdepartmentanddownloadsademonstrationvideothatguideshimthroughtherepairprocess.

3GTECHNOLOGY

3Gbringstogethertwopowerfulforces:

wide-bandradiocommunicationsandIP-basedservic-es.Together,theselaythegroundworkforadvancedmobileinternetservices,includingpersonalisedportals,infotainment，mobilecommerceandunifiedmessaging–encompassinghigh-speeddata,superiorqualityvoiceandvideoandlocation-basedservices.

Making3Garealitydependsontechnologydevelopmentsindifferentareas.Theseincludeamendmentstotheradiointerfacetosupportwidebandcommunicationsandinthecorenet-work.Supportingtechnologies,suchasWAPandBluetooth,alsohaveanimportantroletoplay.Thissectionprovidesabriefoverviewofsomeofthemaintechnologiesanddevelopmentinvolved.Ericssonsupportsallofthesetechnologiesandhasplayedanactiveroleintheirdevelopment.

GPRS

TheintroductionofGeneralPacketRadioService（GPRS）isoneofthekeystepsintheevolutionofGSMnetworksto3G,andGSMoperatorsaroundtheworldareupgradingtheirnetworks,withaviewtolaunchingcommercialGPRSservicesin2001.

Withthecapabilitytochargeperdatabitsentandreceived,customerswillbeabletopayonlyforusage.GPRSwillofferatenfoldincreaseindatathroughputrates,from9.6kbpsto115kbps.GPRSwillallowinnovativeservicestobecreated,enablingnewandpreviouslyinaccessiblemarketsegmentstobeaddressed,increasingcustomerloyaltyandreducingchurn.Machine-to-machineandperson-to-machinecommunicationswillbecomepossible.

WCDMA

WidebandCodeDivisionMultipleAccessistheradioaccesstechnologyselectedbyETSIinJanuary1998forwidebandradioaccesstosupportthird-generationmultimediaservices.

Optimisedtoallowveryhigh-speedmultimediaservices,thetechnologywillprovideaccessspeedsatupto2mbpsinthelocalareaand384kbpswideareaaccesswithfullmobility.Thesehigherdataratesrequireawideradiofrequencyband,whichiswhyWCDMAwith5MHzcarrierhasbeenselected;

comparedwith200KHzcarrierfornarrowbandGSM.WCDMAcanbeaddedtotheexistingGSMcorenetworkandequipmenttobereusedtoalargeextent.

EDGE

EnhancedDateRatesforGlobalEvolutionenablesGSMandTDMAoperatorstooffer3Gservicesusingexistingnetworkfrequencies.Bymakingchangesandadditionstostandardizationofevolutionaryphasesoftheairinterfaceandthebackbonenetwork,aswellasthemigrationtoAll-IPandmultimedianetworks.

CDMA2000

InnetworksbasedonCDMAthemostlikelyrouteto3Gservicesiscdma2000.cdma2000willnotonlyboostthedataratesofCDMAnetworks,andprovideabroaderrangeofservices,butwillalsooffernearlydoublethevoicecapacityoftoday’sCDMAnetworks.cdma2000isalsoapprovedbytheITUasa3Gstandard.

Bluetooth

Bluetoothwirelesstechnologyissettochangethewaywecommunicateandinterconnectwithourdigitaldevices;

intheoffice,inthehomeandwhileonthemove–itsapplicationpotentialisvirtuallyunlimited.Withinacoupleofyears,allthethingsthatarenowconnectedbycablewillbewireless.

TheBluetoothradioisbuiltintoasmallmicrochipandoperatesinagloballyavailablefrequencybandensuringcommunicationcompatibilityworldwide.

Mobileinternet

Presently,therearetwomajorinternettrendsemergingbeingbroadbandfixedinternetaccessandmobileinternetaccess.Broadbandwillevolvetooffermoreandvariedmultimediatypecontent.Mobileinternetwillhavelessband-width,butwilloffertheconvenienceandbenefitofalwaysavailableandrelevantservicestosubscribers.

Thefourkeymobileinternetfocusareasaremediaandentertainment,retail（m-commerceandthewirelesswallet）,travelandtransport,bankingandfinance.T