江苏省海安市届高三上学期期初学业质量监测英语试题 Word版含答案Word格式.docx

江苏省海安市届高三上学期期初学业质量监测英语试题 Word版含答案Word格式.docx

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

ThereisabitofconfusionwhenitcomestowhethereatingwhiledrivingisallowedinAustraliaasitiskindofalegalgrayareainmoststates.Whiletherearenospecificroadrulesthatbaneatingbehindthewheel,driversmightaswellnoteatontheroadtoavoidbeingheavilyfined.

NEWSOUTHWALES

IfthepolicecatchyoueatingwhiledrivinginNewSouthWales,theycanbookyoufordrivingwithoutpropercontrolofthevehicle.Thiscomeswitha$448fineandthreedemeritpointsandthatrisestoa$561fineandfourdemeritpointsiftheoffenceiscommittedinaschoolzone.

AUSTRALINACAPITALTERRITORY

NotpullingovertoeatcanalsolandyouinhotwaterintheACT.MuchlikeNSW,driverscanbechargedwithdrivingwithoutpropercontroloftheircar,whichcomeswitha$292fine.Driverscanalsobegivena$385fineandthreedemeritpointsiftheirdistractionresultsinacrash.

VICTORIA

InVictoria,youcouldbeforcedtopaya$387finealongwithrackingupthreedemeritpointsifthepolicecatchyouhavingamealontheroad.

SOUTHAUSTRALIA

WhilethelawinSouthAustraliadoesn’tspecificallystatethateatingwhiledrivingisillegal,theSADriver’sHandbookdoesnameeatingasacommondistraction.Drivingwithouthavingpropercontrolofthevehiclecouldcostyou$184andsixdemeritpointsinSouthAustralia.

NORTHERNTERRITORY

IfthepolicecatchadrivereatingontheroadintheNorthernTerritory,theymaychargehimwith“drivinginadangerousmanner”.Thismeansthedrivercouldgeta$500fineandthreedemeritpoints.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencesuggest?

A.Itisnotaneasyjobtobaneatingwhiledrivinginthestate.

B.Eatingbehindthewheelcancausethedriverlotsoftrouble.

C.Itisimportanttoeducatedriverstobeawareofdrivingsafety.

D.Itiscommonthatmanydriversinthestateeatwhiledriving.

2.HowmuchwilladrivercaughteatingwhiledrivinginaschoolzoneinNSWbefined?

A.$385.B.$387.C.$448.D.$561.

3.Wherewilladriverbefinedmostifcaughteatingbehindthewheel?

A.IntheNorthernTerritory.B.InVictoria.

C.InSouthAustraliaD.IntheAustralianCapitalTerritory.

B

BenjaminFranklinsaidthatyouwantsomethingdone,askabusyperson.“That’showMannyAbreupractices.ThroughouthisfouryearsatKellenbergMemorialHighSchoolintheUS,Abreumadecommunityserviceanimportantpartofhislife.

“Idon’tknowwherehefindsthetimetodoeverything,”saidErinRonan,Abreu’smathteacher.“He’strulyaclassact.”Asanhonorsstudent,Abreu,18,100partindifferentvoluntaryactivitiesafterschool,duringweekendsandsummerholidays.Theseincludedhelpingstaffatthepubliclibrary,doinglandscapeworkatKellenbergandservingcustomersatalocalrestaurant.

Butfacedwithalimitednumberofhoursinaday,Abreulefthislibraryjoblastsummertostartworkingasanemergencymedicaltechnician-arolethatfitshispassionformakingadifferenceinotherpeople’slives.“Myappreciationforservicehasguidedmeintogivingback,”saidAbreu,whoissettinghissightsonbecomingadoctor.“It’ssucharewardingfeelingtohelpsomeone.”

Duringhisyearsathighschool,Abreudevotedbetween40and50hoursofhistimeeachyeartovolunteerwork—morethandoubletheschool’sannualrequirementof20hours.Forallhishardwork,Abreuwaswelcomedintoaleadershipclubthatorganizesfellowstudents’volunteeractivities.StMartindePorresMarianistSchool（Kellenberg’ssisterschool）alsobenefitedfromAbreu’sdevotion.Throughhisschool’sSmartClubprogram,hevoluntarilyprovidedhomeworkhelpandplayedgameswiththejuniorhighschoolstudents.

Abreuthankedhisparentsforinspiringhimtodotherightthing,sayingtheyare“themostselflesspeopleIknow”.Herememberedwhenhewasabout6yearsold,andhismotherinvitedadisadvantagedneighborhoodboytohavedinner.Uponobservingtheboy’shappinessAbreucameawaywithasenseofhowhewantedtolivehisownlife—“Iwon’tfocusonmyowndesires.I’llhelpasmanypeopleasIcan,”hesaid.

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutMannyAbreu?

A.Healwaysvolunteeredtohelpothers.

B.HefollowedBenjaminFranklin’sexample.

C.Hedidapooracademicperformanceinmath.

D.Hefellbehindothersbecauseofafter-schoolactivities.

5.ForwhatreasondidAbreuwanttoworkasamedicaltechnician?

A.Becausehehadnotimetotryotherdifferentjobs.

B.Becausehelackedinterestofdoinganyotherjob.

C.Becausehewishedtoimprovethelivesofothers.

D.Becauseheobtainedthesatisfactionofbeingpraised.

6.WhatdidAbreugetfromhishardwork?

A.Hewasoutstandingasaleaderathisschool.

B.Itgavehimasenseofself-worthtohelpothers.

C.Hegotachancetoattendmedicalschoolforfree.

D.Hisfamilybecamepopularamongtheirneighbors.

7.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Thereisamustforeveryonetodovoluntaryjobs.

B.ThesenseofachievementisAbreu’smajordesire.

C.Abreu’sparentshadapositiveeffectonhisgrowth.

D.Abreu’sbehaviorimpactedthepoorneighborhoodboy.

C

Morereasonstohatehumidity:

itexpandsglobalwarming,aprofsays.

AndrewDessler,aprofessorintheDepartmentofAtmosphericScienceswhospecializesinresearchonclimate,saysthatwarmingduetoincreasesingreenhousegaseswillleadtohigherhumidityintheatmosphere.Andbecausewatervaporitselfisagreenhousegas,thiswillcauseadditionalwarming.Thisprocessisknownaswatervaporfeedbackandisresponsibleforasignificantportionofthewarmingpredictedtooccuroverthenextcentury.

“It’saviciouscycle-warmertemperaturesmeanhigherhumidity,whichinturnleadstoevenmorewarming,”Desslerexplains.

TheperspectivebyDesslerandco-authorStevenSherwoodoftheClimateChangeResearchCentreattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesispublishedinthecurrentissueofSciencemagazine.Inthearticle,theyreviewandsummarizethepeer-reviewedevidenceinsupportofastrongwatervaporfeedbackandconcludethattheevidencesupportingitisoverwhelming.“Foryears,therewasadebateoverthismechanism,withsomeevenquestioningifthewatervaporfeedbackexistedatall.Butrecentworkonthisfeedbackhasmoveditsexistenceandstrengthbeyondargument,”Dessleradds.

Predictionsofsignificantglobalwarmingoverthenext100yearsbyclimatemodelsrequireastrongwatervaporfeedback.Recentestimatessuggesttheearthwillwarmfrom2to4degreesCelsius（4to8degreesFahrenheit）overthenextcentury—ascenariothatcouldhavedevastatinglong-termconsequences.

“Everythingshowsthattheclimatemodelsareprobablygettingthewatervaporfeedbacknight,whichmeansthatunlesswereduceemissions,itisgoingtogetmuch,muchwarmeronourplanetbytheendofthecentury,”headds.

Manyscientistsbelievesuchwarmingratesarealreadyhappening.Theycanpointtothesummerof2003,whenaprolongedheatwavegrippedEurope.AccordingtotheEarthPolicyInstitute,morethan35,000peoplediedthatsummer,withFrancerecordingover14,000deathsandGermanymorethan7,000.Additionally,warmertemperaturesarehavinganadverseeffectintheArctic,whererapidlossoficeisnowoccurring.“Theonlypossiblewayfuturewarmingwon’tbesignificantisifthereexistssomesortofoff-settingnegativefeedback,whichhasyettobediscovered,”Desslernotes.“Mostscientists,myselfincluded,judgethattobeaprettyunlikelypossibility.”

8.Whatdoeswatervaporfeedbackinthepassagemean?

A.Watervaporwilllendtoasignificantportionofthewarming.

B.Theincreasesofgreenhousegaseswillleadtohigherhumidity.

C.Increasinghumidityfromglobalwarmingismakingtheearthwarmer.

D.Higherhumidityhascausedtheearthtowarmfrom2to4degreesCelsius.

9.What’sthemainideaofParagraph4?

A.Scientistshadaheatedargumentoverthewatervaporfeedback.

B.Theexistenceandstrengthofwatervaporfeedbackiswithoutquestion.

CAndrewDesslerwroteanarticletosupporthisideaofwatervaporfeedback.

D.Therewasnosignificantevidencefortheexistenceofwatervaporfeedback.

10.Whatdopredictionsofsignificantglobalwarmingtellus?

A.Scientistscouldfindtheoffsettingnegativefeedbackinthefuture.

B.Thereexistssomesortoffsettingnegativewatervaporfeedback.

C.Thewarmingoftheearthwillhavedestructiveshort-termconsequences.

D.Wemaydecreasethespeedofglobalwarmingbyreducingtheemissions.

11.What’stheattitudeofAndrewDesslertowardsthewayofsolvingfuturewarming?

A.Positive.B.Supportive.C.Neutral.D.Pessimistic.

D

ThescientistsplacedunderwaterspeakersinareaswherecoralhadbeendyinginAustralia’snorthernGreatBarrierReef.Theyplayedcertainsoundsoveraperiodofabout6weeksandstudiedtheresults.Theteamreportedthattwiceasmanyfisharrivedinareaswherethesoundsofhealthycoralwereplayed.Amongthearrivingfishwerespeciesthatfeedonallmajorfoodsources.

Theresearchersnotedtheimportanceofhavingmanydifferentkindsoffishreturntothearea.Differentspeciesoffishperformmanyactivitiesthatsupporttheoceanenvironmentandsealife.“Damagedreefshaveahigherchanceofrecoveryiftheyhavehealthyfishpopulation,”thescientistswroteinthereport.

SteveSimpsonsaidthat“healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces.”Theycontainthesoundsofmanykindsofshrimp,fishandotherseacreatures.Youngfishlistenforthesesoundswhentheyarelookingforaplacetosettle.Headdedthatreefs