北师版初二下英语第12讲Unit6语法篇 学生版Word下载.docx

北师版初二下英语第12讲Unit6语法篇 学生版Word下载.docx

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（二）时态:

直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。

如:

1）Shesaid."

Ihavelostapen."

→Shesaidshehadlostapen

2）Shesaid."

Wehopeso."

→Shesaidtheyhopedso.

（1）一般现在时变为一般过去时

（2）现在进行时变为过去进行时

（3）一般将来时变为过去将来时

（4）现在完成时变为过去完成时

（5）一般过去时变为过去完成时

（6）过去完成时不变||，仍为过去完成时但要注意在以下几种情况下。

在直接引语变为间接引语时||，时态一般不变化。

①直接引语是客观真理。

Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth||，theteachertoldme.→Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth。

②直接引语是过去进行时||，时态不变。

Jacksaid."

John||，wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?

→JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet。

③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语||，变为间接引语时||，时态不变。

XiaoWangsaid."

IwasbornonApril2l||，1980。

→XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20||，1980。

④直接引语如果是一般现在时。

表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作||，变间接引语||，时态不变。

Hesaid||，"

Igetupatsixeverymorning。

→Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning。

⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例:

oughtto||，hadbetter||，usedto）和已经是过去时的形式时||，（例:

could||，should||，would||，might）不再变。

Petersaid."

Youhadbettercomehavetoday。

→PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday。

（三）如何变状语:

直接引语变间接引语||，状语变化有其内在规津||，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例:

now变为then||，yesterday。

变为thedaybefore）地点状语||，尤其表示方向性的||，或用指示代词修饰的状语||，由“此”改为“彼”（例:

this改为that）||，如:

Thesebooksaremine."

→Hesaidthosebookswerehis.指示代词this……thesethese……those表示时间的词now……thentoday……thatdaythisweek（month||，etc）……thatweek（month||，etc）yesterday……thedaybeforelastweek（month||，etc）……theweek（month||，etc）beforethreedays（ayear||，etc）ago……threedays（ayear.etc）beforetomorrow……thenext（following）daynextweek（month||，etc）……thenext（following）week（month||，etc）表地点的词here……there动词bring……takecome……go

（四）句型:

①直接引语如果是陈述句||，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。

Shesaid||，"

Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes."

→Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.

②直接引语如果是反意疑问句||，选择疑问句或一般疑问句||，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如:

Hesaid||，"

Canyouswim||，John?

→HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim."

Youhavefinishedthehomework||，haven‘tyou?

mymotherasked.→MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework."

Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?

→HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.

③直接引语如果是特殊问句||，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。

Sheaskedme||，"

Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?

→Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.

④直接引语如果是祈使句||，间接引语应改为"

tell（ask||，order||，beg等）sb（not）todosth."

句型。

Don’tmakeanynoise||，"

shesaidtothechildren.→Shetold（ordered）thechildrennottomakeanynoise."

Bringmeacupoftea||，please||，"

saidshe.→Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.

⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句||，变为间接引语时||，通常用“suggest+动句词（或从句）。

”如:

Let’sgotothefilm."

→Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefilm.

1.---WhenaretheShutesleavingforNewYork?

---Pardon?

---Iasked______________________________________.

A．whenaretheShutesleavingforNewYork

B．whentheShutesareleavingforNewYork

C．whenweretheShutesleavingforNewYork

D．whentheShuteswereleavingforNewYork

2..Heaskedme||，"

Howlongwillittaketogotherebyplane?

Heaskedme______________________________________.

A．howlongitwouldtaketogotherebyplane

B．howlongwillittaketogotherebyplane

C．howlongwouldittaketogotherebyplane

D．howlongitwilltaketogotherebyplane

3.Heaskedher||，"

WhenareyougoingtoShanghai?

Heaskedher___________________________________.

A．whenisshegoingtoShanghai

B．whensheisgoingtoShanghai

C．whenshewasgoingtoShanghai

D．whenwasshegoingtoShanghai

4.Mikeaskedme||，"

Whenwilltheirplaneland?

Mikeaskedme_______________________________.

A．whentheirplanewillland

B．whenwilltheirplaneland

C．whentheirplanewouldland

D．whenwouldtheirplaneland

5.Heasked||，"

AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?

Heaskedme______aPartymemberoraLeaguemember.

A．amIB．ifIwasC.wasID．whetherwasI

解析：

1.主句用一般过去时||，所以从句的时态必须是过去的相应时态||，宾语从句用陈述语序。

故选D

2.本句里直接引语是特殊疑问句||，引导词用原句里的howlong||，疑问句语序变为陈述句语序||，一般将来时改为过去将来时||，故答案为A.

3.直接引语为特殊疑问句||，改为间接引语时要用陈述句的语序||，人称和时态也要作相应的变化。

故选C

4.直接引语为特殊疑问句时||，间接引语里还是用疑问词引导||，语序应改为陈述语序||，人称和时态都应作相应的变化。

5.题意:

他问我是一名党员还是一名团员。

宾语从句是由一个一般疑问句式的直接引语变化而来的。

主句为一般过去时||，宾语从句也应用过去时态||，且宾语从句应用陈述语序。

一般疑问句变为间接引语时||，应用if或whether引导宾语从句||，故选B.

基础演练

一单选

1.Heaskedher||，"

Whereareyougoing?

Heaskedher____________________________.

A．wheresheisgoingto

B．whereshewasgoingto

C．whereshewasgoing

D．wheresheisgoing

2“Whotoldyouaboutit?

”heaskedher.

Heaskedher____________________aboutit.

A．thatwhotoldyou

B．whotoldher

C．whohadtoldher

D．whohadtoldyou

3---HasLiHonggonetothelibrary?

---Iasked____________________thelibrary.

A．ifLiHonghadgoneto

B．ifhadLiHonggoneto

C．LiHonghadgoneto

D．hasLiHonggoneto

4Theteacherasked||，"

Areyouwaitingforthebus?

Theteacherasked__________________forthebus.

A．IwaswaitingB．wasIwaitingC．youarewaitingD．ifIwaswaiting

5Heaskedme||，“Didyouseemysisterlastnight?

”

Heaskedme____________________________.

A．ifIhadseenhissisterthenightbefore

B．whetherIhadseenyoursisterthenightbefore

C．didIhaveseenhissisterthenightbefore

D．thatIsawhissisterthenightbefore

6“DoyoulikeEnglishorChinese?

”sheasked.

Sheasked__________________EnglishorChinese.

A．ifdoIlikeB．whetherIlikedC．ifdidIlikedD．whetherdidIliked

7Heaskedme||，“Didyougotomysister'

spartylastnight?

”（变为间接引语）

Heaskedme__________________________________.

A．ifIhadgonetohissister'

spartythenightbefore

B．whetherIhadgonetoyoursister'

C．didIgotohissister'

D．thatIwenttohissister'

8---HeaskedTom||，“Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?

---HeaskedTom_____________________________.

A．ifhadhefinishedhishomework

B．whetherhehadfinishedhishomework

C．ifhehasfinishedhishomework

D．ifyouhadfinishedyourhomework

9Heasked||，"

Areyouateacherorastudent?

Heasked___________________________.

A．whetherIwasateacherorastudent

B．ifIwasateacherorastudent

C．whetheryouwereateacherorastudent

D．ifyouwereateacherorastudent

10"

Isthereanyonehere?

heasked.

Heasked_______________

A．whethertherewasanyonehereornot

B．ifwasthereanyonethere

C．iftherewasanyonethere

D．ifwasthereanyonehere

二、用单词正确形式填空

1.Iwon'

treturnthebooktothelibrarybecauseI_______（notfinish）readingit.

2.Assoonashesawme||，he_______tospeaktome.（stop）

3.Ihopehe_______（come）backinaweek.

4.It_______（rain）hardwhenIgottothefactorythismorning.

5.Theoldmantoldthechildren_______（notwalk）inthericefields.

6.Hetoldmehe_______（help）herwithhermathsthenextevening.

7.Shesaidthey_______（know）eachotherforquitesometime.

8.Ifit_______（notrain）tomorrow||，we_______（visit）thePople'

sMuseum.

9.John_______（write）somethingwhenI_______（go）toseehim.

10.Ourteachertoldusthatlight_______（travel）muchfasterthansound.

巩固提高

把下列句子直接引语变间接引语

1"

Whydoyoustayathome?

Myfatherasked.（把直接引语改为间接引语）

Myfatherasked___________I_____________athome.

2“Whendoyouhaveyourartlesson?

”Mumaskedme.（把直接引语改为间接引语）

Mumaskedme_____________________________artlessons.

3Sheaskedme||，"

DoyouknowwhentogotoXinjiangExhibitionCenter?

（把直接引语变为间接引语）

Sheaskedme_________I___________whentogotoXinjiangExhibitionCenter.

4"

Jack||，canyouhelpwiththedinner?

Jack'

smotherasked.（把直接引语改成间接引语）

Jackwasasked________he____________________helpwiththedinner.

5Thedoctoraskedhim||，"

Areyoufeelingbettertoday?

Thedoctorsaidtohim______he_________feelingbetter______________.

6“Areyoudoingyourhomework?

”Tomaskedme.

Tomwantedtoknow_________________________

7“Whydoyoulikethisbook?

”saidSara.

Saraaskedme___________________________

8“Whatdoesyourfatherdo?

”heasked

Heasked___________________________

9“Whereisthepostoffice?

”askedTina.

Tinaaskedme________________________

10“Whencanyougotoplaybasketballwithme?

Hewantedtoknow__________________________________

1．Idon'

tknow_________hewillcometomorrow．_________hecomes||，I'

lltellyou．

A．if||；

WhetherB．whether||；

Whether

C．if||；

ThatD．if||；

If

2．Idon'

tknow_________thedayaftertomorrow．

A．whendoeshecomeB．howwillhecomeC．ifhecomesD．whetherhe'

llcome

3．Couldyoutellme_________thenearesthospitalis？

A．whatB．howC．whetherD．where

4．Couldyoutellme_________theradiowithoutanyhelp？

A．howdidhemendB．whatdidhemend

C．howhemendedD．whathemended

5．Iwanttoknow_________．

A．whomisshelookingafterB．whomsheislooking

C．whomisshelookingD．whomsheislookingafter

6．Doyouknowwhere_________now？