Eclipse外文翻译Word格式.docx

Eclipse外文翻译Word格式.docx

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A.T.KookierJanuary2004

Introduction

TheAsf+SdfMeta-EnvironmentareaninteractivedevelopmentenvironmentwithagraphicaluserinterfacewritteninJFC/Swing.AtypicalsessioninthisenvironmentresultsinanoverwhelmingamountofwindowspresentingtheMeta-Environmentitselfnexttolotsofeditorsalltryingtocatchtheattentionoftheuser.AlthoughthedescribedsceneisalittlebitexaggeratedtheseveralopenwindowsandJFC/SwinggraphicaluserinterfacewerethereasonstotakealookintoEclipse.

Eclipseisaframeworkforcreatingprogrammingenvironments,whereforecurrentlyversionsareavailableforC/C++,javaandcobol.Eachversionaddressesaspecificprogramminglanguagewithitsownsetoftools,commandsandscreenlayout.BecauseEclipseisawelldevelopedenvironmenttheAsf+SdfMeta-EnvironmentcouldbenefitfromintegrationwithEclipse.Eclipseoffersthepossibilitytomakeyourownperspective（whichisascreenlayout）consistingoftreeviews,editorsandotherkindofviewsallinoneplace.

EclipsesontheothersidecanbenefitfromtheintegrationwiththeMeta-Environment，becausetheMeta-EnvironmentbringsgenericlanguagetechnologytoEclipse.InsteadofdevelopingadevelopmentenvironmentforeachprogramminglanguageonedevelopmentenvironmentfortheMeta-EnvironmentisenoughtoprovidetoolsforeveryprogramminglanguagedevelopedintheMeta-Environment.

Eclipseisanopensourceframeworkforcreatingprogrammingenvironments.CurrentlyversionsexistforC/C++1,javaandCobol2.Newtoolsandlanguagescanbeaddedbywritingjavaapplicationsthatperformparsing,typecheckingandthelikeforanewlanguage.Eclipseprovidesarichsetoftoolsorientedtowarduser-interfaceconstructionandjavacompilation.Thelevelofautomationforbuildingenvironmentsfornewlanguagesis,however,low.

TheAsf+SdfMeta-Environmentareaprogrammingenvironmentsgenerator:

givenalanguagedefinitionconsistingofasyntaxdefinition（grammar）andtooldescriptions（usingrewriterules）alanguagespecificenvironmentisgenerated.Alanguagedefinitiontypicallyincludessuchfeaturesasprettyprinting,typechecking,analysis,transformationandexecutionofprogramsinthetargetlanguage.TheAsf+SdfMeta-Environmentareusedtocreatetoolsfordomain-specificlanguagesandfortheanalysisandtransformationofsoftwaresystems.AstheEclipseandMeta-Environmenttechnologiesaretoalargeextentcomplementary,itisworthwhiletoinvestigatehowtheycanbeintegrated.

EclipsePluginTechnology

TheEclipsePlatformisdesignedforbuildingintegrateddevelopmentenvironments.AnIDEcanbebuiltbyprovidingtheEclipsePlatformwithaplugincontributingtoanextensionpointofsomeotherplugin.InfacttheEclipsePlatformisanumberofplug-initself.Itconsistsofasmallkernelwhichstartsallnecessaryplug-intorunabasicinstanceoftheEclipsePlatform.Allotherfunctionalityislocatedinplug-inwhichextendthesebasicplug-in.InthiswayEclipseprovidestoolproviderswithamechanismthatleadstoseamlesslyintegratedtools.

EclipsespluginarewritteninjavaandconsistofamanifestfileandjavaclassesinaJARarchive.Themanifestfiledeclarestheextensionpointsofthepluginandwhichotherpluginitextends.Onstart-uptheEclipsePlatformdiscoverswhichplug-inareavailableanditgeneratesaplug-inregistry.Theplug-initselfisloadedwhenitactuallyneedstoberun.

Meta-EnvironmentTechnology

TheAsf+Sdfformalismisusedforthedefinitionofsyntacticaswellassemanticaspectsofalanguage.Itcanbeusedforthedefinitionofarangeoflanguages（forprogramming,writingspecifications,queryingdatabases,textprocessing,orotherapplications）.Inadditionitcanbeusedfortheformalspecificationofawidevarietyofproblems.Asf+Sdfcanbecharacterizedasamodular,rewriting-based,specificationformalisminwhichsyntaxandsemanticsarecompletelyintegrated.

TheAsf+SdfMeta-EnvironmentisbothaprogrammingenvironmentforAsf+SdfspecificationsandaprogrammingenvironmentgeneratorwhichusesanAsf+Sdfspecificationforsome（programming）languageLtogenerateastand-aloneenvironmentforL.ThedesignoftheMeta-Environmentisbasedonopenness,reuse,andextensibility.TheMeta-Environmentofferssyntax-directededitingofAsf+SdfspecificationsaswellascompilationofAsf+Sdfspecificationsintodedicatedinteractivestand-aloneenvironmentscontainingvarioustoolssuchasaparser,unparser,syntax-directededitor,debugger,andinterpreterorcompiler.

Figure1showstheuserinterfacedevelopedusingJFC/Swing.Thisfigureshowsthemodularstructureofthespecification.Eachnodeinthegraphcanbeclickedandallowstheinvocationofasyntax,equation,ortermeditor.

Thevarioustypesofeditorsaredecoratedwithdifferentpull-downmenus.Alleditorshavefunctionalitytoinvoketheparser,viewtheparsetreeofthefocusasgraph,andtomovethefocus.Termeditorsmayhavelanguagespecificpull-downmenus.

InordertoachieveastrictseparationbetweencoordinationandcomputationweusetheToolBuscoordinationarchitecture,aprogrammablesoftwarebusbasedonprocessalgebra.Coordinationisexpressedbyaformaldescriptionofthecooperationprotocolbetweencomponentswhilecomputationisexpressedincomponentsthatmaybewritteninanylanguage.Wethusobtaininteroperabilityofheterogeneouscomponentsina（possibly）distributedsystem.Thecomponentsarenotallowedtocommunicatedirectlywitheachother,butonlyviatheToolBus.Thisleadstoarigorousseparationofconcerns.

Architecturalconsiderations

TheMeta-Environmentconsistsofabout20cooperatingcomponents,includingaparsetablegenerator,aparserandunparser,atermstore（forcachingresults）,andaninterpreterandcompiler.Also,agraphicaluserinterfaceandanumberoftexteditors（suchasGNUEmacs3andVim4）aswellasastructureeditorareconnectedtotheMeta-Environment.Theseallowuserinteractionwiththesystem,andinparticularallowuserstoeditsyntax,equationsandterms.

Figure2isa（simplified）viewshowingthesecomponentsconnectedtotheToolBusCurrentarchitecture:

usingJFC/Swingandexternaleditors.Figure2showsthecurrentimplementationwithseparatecomponentsfortheGUIandthevarioustexteditors.Currently,theGUIisimplementedinJFC/Swing.

Eachtimeatexteditingsessionisrequestedbytheuser,anewinstanceofoneofthesupportedsystemeditorsisexecutedtotakecareoftheeditingsession.ThesetexteditorsneedonlyimplementaminimalinterfacetobeusablebytheMeta-Environment.Someformofoperatingsystemlevelcommunicationchannelisneeded（e.g.socket,pipe）.Theeditorthenneedstobeabletoreceiveandexecutecommandstoaddamenutothemenu-bar,setthecursorataspecificlocation,andhighlightorselectaregionoftext.

Targetarchitecture:

usingEclipseforbothGUIandeditors.EclipseexportsmanyGUIfeaturesthatcanbeusedtowriteplug-inandalsohasabuilt-ineditorwhichimplementstherequiredMeta-Environmenttexteditorinterface.FromanEclipsepointofview,itisinterestingtobeabletoreusethegenericlanguagetechnologyofferedbytheMeta-Environment.FromtheMeta-Environmentpointofview,itwouldbeinterestingtoseeifEclipsecouldbeusedtoimplementtheGUIandthetexteditors（thedottedrectangleinFigure2）.FromaToolBuspointofview,itisinterestingtoseehowasingletool（Eclipseinthiscase）canserveastheimplementationofmultiplecomponents（bothGUIandtexteditor）.

Implementation

WedescribesomeoftheimplementationdetailsofthecurrentMeta-EnvironmentGUI.InthetargetarchitecturewereplaceboththeJFC/SwingGUIandtheexternaltexteditorsbyEclipseasdescribed.

JFC/Swing-basedimplementation

TheToolBusprincipletoseparatefunctionalityleadstoagenericimplementationoftheuserinterface.TomeettheMeta-Environmentrequirementstheuserinterfaceonlyhastoimplementsomebasicfunctionality.TheJFC/SwingimplementationextendstheMeta-EnvironmentwithaGUIthatsupportsseveralcomponents:

atreepanel,graphpanel,andsomeinformationalpanels.Thetreeandgraphpanelsprovidetheuserwitharepresentationofopenedandimportedmodulesinatextualandgraphicalway,respectively.Statusmessagesandinformationaboutselectedmodulesaredisplayedindedicatedinformationalpanels.EachoftheseGUIelementsisdumb:

itiscapableofpresentingagraphicalrepresentationofitsdataanditcommunicatesevents（e.g.amouseclick）totheToolBus,butitabstractsfromthedetailsoftheseevents.Theactualimplementationofanevent（e.g.performingarefactoringoperationonaselectedmodule）ishandledelsewhereintheMeta-Environment.

TheprovidedbasicframeworkcanbeextendeddynamicallywithuserinterfaceelementsbymeansofToolBusmessagessenttotheuserinterface.Thesemessagescontainthetypeofuserinterfaceelementtobeadded（e.g.menu,tool-barbutton）,thecaptiontobedisplayed,andtheactionthathastobeperformedwhenselectingthisuserinterfaceelement.ThissetupensuresthattheuserinterfacedoesnotknowaboutanyfunctionalityimplementedintheMeta-Environment

Texteditingfunctionalityisprovidedbymeansofexternaltexteditorsasdescribedbefore.Ingeneralthechoiceoftexteditorisfreeaslongasitiscapableofaddingmenusandmethodsfordisplayingafocus.AfterconnectionwiththeToolBusisestablisheditwillreceiveitsspecificmenus,menuitems,andcorrespondingactions.

Eclipse-basedimplementation

In