高考英语二轮定语从句用法及专练详析Word下载.docx
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（3）Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.
3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
（1）Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.
（2）Thisisthepen（which）heboughtyesterday.
4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；
指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
（5）Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.
（6）Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?
5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
（1）Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.
（2）Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
（3）Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
（4）Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
（5）Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?
（6）Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?
三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导
（1）Theschool（that/which）heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.
（2）Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.
（3）TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine（that/which）youaskedfor.
（4）TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.
（5）We'
llgotohearthefamoussinger（whom/that/who）wehaveoftentalkedabout.
（6）We'
llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.
1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：
lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等
（1）Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.（T）
（2）ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.（F）
2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；
指物时用which，不能用that；
关系代词是所有格时用whose
（1）Themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.（T）
（2）Themanwho/thatyoutalkedwithismyfriend.（F）
（3）TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable.（T）
（4）TheplaneinthatweflewintoCanadaisverycomfortable.（F）
3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词
（1）Helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.
（2）Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.
（3）Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.
四．关系副词引导的定语从句
1.when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语
（1）IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.
（2）Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.
2.where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语
（1）ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.
（2）ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.
3.why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语
（1）Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.
（2）Idon'
tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.
关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
（1）Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear,
（2）Fromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschoolhebegantoknowwhathewantedwhenhegrewup.
（3）Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecityinwhich/whereIwasborn.
五．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句举例：
（1）TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.
（2）Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.
非限制性定语从句举例：
（1）Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.
（2）China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.
要注意区分以下几个句子的不同
（1）Hisbrotherwhoisnowadoctoralwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.
他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。
（他还有其他的哥哥）
（2）Hisbrother,whoisnowadoctor,alwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.
他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。
（他只有一个哥哥）
难点分析
（一）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况
1．当先行词是anything,everything,nothing（something除外）,few,all,none,little,some等代词时，或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时
（1）HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lihassaid?
（2）Thereseemstobenothingthatseemsimpossibleforhimintheworld.
（3）Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.
（4）ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.
当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who
（4）Anymanthat/.whohasasenseofdutywon'
tdosuchathing.
2.当先行词被序数词修饰
（1）ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.
3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时
（1）ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.
4.当形容词被thevery,theonly修饰时
（1）ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy,
（2）Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowned.
（3）WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting/
5.当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时
（1）Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?
（2）WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?
6.当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时
（1）Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned?
（二）关系代词as和which引导的定语从句
as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。
具体情况是：
1．As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。
（1）Hemarriedher,as/whichwasnatural.
（2）Hewashonest,as/whichwecansee.
2.as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；
which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。
另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思
（1）Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.
（2）Heisfromthesouth,aswecanseefromhisaccent.
（3）John,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.
（4）HehasbeentoParismorethanseveraltimes,whichIdon'
tbelieve.
注意：
当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用which
（5）Tomwasalwayslateforschool,whichmadehisteacherangry.
3.当先行次受such,thesame修饰时，常用as
（1）Ihaveneverheardsuchastoryashetells.
（2）Heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.
（3）ThisisthesamebookasIlostlastweek.
当先行次由thesame修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同
（4）SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary'
swedding.
她穿着她在Mary婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。
（5）Sheworethesamedressasheryoungsisterwore.
她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。
（三）以theway为先行词的定语从句通常由inwhich,that引导，而且通常可以省略。
（1）Thewayinwhich/that/./heansweredthequestionwassurprising.
（四）but有时也可以做关系词引导定语从句
（1）Thereareveryfewbutunderstandhisidea.（but=whodon'
t）
（五）区分定语从句和同位语从句
1．定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；
同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系
（1）TheplanethathasjusttakenoffisforLondon.定语从句
（2）Thefactthathehasbeendeadisclear.同位于从句
2．定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；
同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分；
句子也可以由when,where,how,why,whether,what等词引导，充当成分
（1）Thenewshetoldmeistrue.
（2）Thenewsthathehasjustdiedistrue.
（3）Theproblemthatwearefacingnowishowwecancollectsomuchmoney.
（4）Theproblemhowwecancollectsomuchmoneyisdifficulttosolve.
3.同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以
（1）Theideathatwecouldasktheteacherforadviceiswonderful.
（2）Theideawasthatwecouldasktheteacherforadvice.
（3）Thefactthattheearthmovesaroundtheearthisknowntoall.同位语
（4）Thefactisthattheearthmovesaroundtheearth.
定语从句专项练习
1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'
sPalace.
A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich
2.Doyouknowtheman_______?
A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke
3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.
A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayed
C.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed
4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich
5.Thatistheday______I'
llneverforget.
A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when
6.Thefactory______we'
llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.
A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich
7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.
A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there
8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.
A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshown
C.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked
9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherday?
A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalked
C.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked
10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.
A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich
11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.
A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that
12.Theengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.
A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom
13.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?
A.whoB.who'
sC.whichD.whose
14.I'
minterestedin______youhavesaid.
A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which
15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedyesterday.
A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as
16.Heisn'
tsuchaman______heusedtobe.
A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as
17.HeisgoodatEnglish,______weallknow.
A.thatB.asC.whomD.what
18.LiMing,______totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.
A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim
19.Idon'
tlike______asyouread.
A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels
20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what
21.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who
22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____arewomen.
A.themB.whichC.whomD.who
23.You'
retheonlyperson______I'
veevermet______coulddoit.
A.who;
/B./;
whomC.whom;
/D./;
who
24.Ilostabook,______Ican'
tremembernow.
A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat
25.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,______Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.
A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what
26.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_______wasadvertisedonTV.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.it
27.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.
A.when;
w
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