霍尔传感器英文版Word文件下载.docx

霍尔传感器英文版Word文件下载.docx

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UndertheactionoftheLorentzforcegeneratedinthemagneticfield,thecarrierofenergizedsemiconductorchip,deflectandaccumulaterespectivelyonbothsidesofthechip,thusformingaelectricfield,calledtheHallelectricfield.HallelectricfieldproduceselectricfieldforcewhichiscontrarytotheLorentzforce,hinderingcarriertocontinuetopileup,untilthehallelectricfieldforceequalwiththeLorentzforce.Atthistime,itwillsetupastablevoltageonbothsidesofthechip,andthisisthehallvoltage.

2.Hallcurrentsensor

Alongwiththeurbanpopulationandtheexpansionoftheconstructionscaleofthecity,andtheincreasingofallkindsofelectricequipment,powerconsumptionisbiggerandbigger.Thepowersupplyequipmentofthecityoftenoverload,whilepowerenvironmentbecomesmoreandmorebad,the"

test"

tothepowerbeingmoreandmoreserious.Thus,theproblemsinthepowersupplycomeoutmoreandmoreapparently.Now,smallpowersupplyequipmenthasbeencombinedwithmoreandmorenewtechnology.Forexample,switchpowersupply,hardswitch,softswitch,parametervoltageregulator,linearfeedbackvoltageregulator,magneticamplifiertechnology,numericalcontrolpressureregulation,PWM,SPWM,electromagneticcompatibility,etc.Theactualdemandsdirectlypromotepowertechnologydevelopmentandprogress.Inordertodetectanddisplaycurrentautomatically,andtheautomaticprotectionfunctionandmoreadvancedintelligentcontrolwhentheharmsuchasovercurrent,overvoltageoccurs,thepowersupplytechnologywithsensingdetection,sensingsamplingandsensingprotectionbecomesatrend.Sensorsofdetectingcurrentorvoltage,calledHallcurrentsensor,comeintobeing,andquicklybecomethefavoriteofthedesignersofthepowersupplyinourcountry.

2.1TheperformancecharacteristicsofHallcurrentsensor

Hallcurrentsensorhassuperiorperformance,anditisakindofadvancedelectricdetectingelement,whichcanisolatethemaincircuitloopandelectroniccontrolcircuit.Ithasalltheadvantagesoftransformersandshunts,andatthesametime,overcomestheirdisadvantages（transformercanbeonlyappliedtothepowerfrequencymeasurement,50Hz;

shuntisunabletodoisolationmeasurement）.UsingthesameonehallcurrentsensormoduledetectingelementnotonlycantestAC,butalsocandetectDC,evencandetecttransientpeak.Ithasthefollowingperformancecharacteristics.

●Measurethearbitrarywaveformcurrent,suchasDC,AC,andeventotransientpeakparametersmeasurement;

●Highprecision.GeneralHallcurrentsensormodule’sprecisionintheworkareaishigherthan1%,andtheprecisionissuitableforanywaveformmeasurement;

●Thelinearityisbetterthan0.5%;

●Gooddynamicperformance.ThedynamicresponsetimeofgeneralHallsensormoduleislessthan7μs,andthetrackingspeeddi/dtisabove50A/μs;

●Workingbandwide.Itcanworkinthefrequencyrangefrom0to20KHZverywell;

●Strongoverloadability.Widemeasurementrange（0～±

10000A）;

●Highreliability.Theaveragetrouble-freeworkingismorethan5x10000hours;

●Smallsize,lightweight,easytoinstallanditwillnotbringanylosstothesystem.

Inviewoftheabovehighperformancecharacteristics,theHallcurrentsensorsgainthewideapplications.

2.2TheprincipleofHallcurrentsensor

Hallcurrentsensorcanmeasureallkindsofcurrent,fromDCtoACofdozensofthousandHertz.ThebasisprincipleofworkingismainlyHalleffectprinciple.

2.2.1Openloopcurrentsensor

WhentheprimarysidecurrentIpflowsthroughalongwire,itwillproduceamagneticfieldaroundthewire,andthesizeofthemagneticfieldisproportionaltothecurrentthroughthewire,themagneticfieldgatheringinsidethemagneticring.ThroughtheHallelementbetweenthemagneticringgap,itmeasuresandoutputtheamplificationresult,theoutputvoltageVsreflectingtheprimarysidecurrentIpaccurately.Thegeneralratedoutputis4V.

Figure2openloopcurrentsensorprinciplediagram

Thiswayhasmanyadvantages.IthassimplestructureandismeasurableDC,ACandvariouswaveformcurrent.Besides,theprecisionandlinearityofthemeasurementresultishigher.Butitsmeasuringrangeandbandwidtharelimitedtoacertainextent.Inthisapplication,Halldeviceisamagneticdetector,Itdetectsthemagneticinductionintensityincoremagneticcircuitairgap.Afterthecurrentincreases,coremayreachsaturation;

Alongwiththefrequencyincreasing,theeddycurrentlossandhysteresislossofthecorealsowillincrease.Thesewillinfluenceonthemeasuringaccuracy.

Throughthismethod,theresultwilloutputintheformofvoltagesignalandit’seasytocometrueintheattachment.

2.2.2Closedloopcurrentsensor

Figure3closedloopcurrentsensorprinciplediagram

Magnetic 

balanced 

current 

sensor 

Is 

also 

called 

compensation 

sensor. 

It 

means 

the 

magnetic 

field 

which 

is 

produced 

by 

primary 

side 

Ip 

in 

poly 

beads 

space 

of 

generated 

was 

compensated 

with 

fields 

a 

secondary 

coil 

current. 

Its 

offset 

an 

accurate 

reflection 

original 

edge 

Ip, 

so 

that 

hall 

device 

stay 

detecting 

zero 

flux 

working 

condition.

Closedloopcurrentsensorisalsocalledcompensationsensor.ItmeansthemagneticfieldwhichisgeneratedbytheprimarysidecurrentIpinpolybeadsspacewascompensatedthroughthemagneticfieldswhichisgeneratedbyasecondarycoilcurrent.ItsoffsetcurrentIsreflectstheprimarysidecurrentIpaccurately,sothattheHalldevicestayinthedetectingzerofluxworkingcondition.

Thespecificworkprocessofthemagneticbalancedcurrentsensoris:

whenacurrentflowsthroughthemaincircuit,themagneticfieldgeneratedonthewiresisgatheredbypolybeadsandinductedtothehalldevice,usingtheoutputsignaltodrivepowertubeandmakeitconduct,sothatwecangetacompensationcurrentIs.Thecurrentthenproduceamagneticfieldthroughmulticircuitwinding,contrarytotheonethatgeneratedbythemeasuredcurrent,thuscompensatingtheoriginalmagneticfieldandmakingtheHalldevice’soutputdecreasegradually.WhenIpbecomesthesameasthemagneticfieldsproducedbythenumberofturnsmultiplication,Iswillnolongerincrease.Atthetime,theHalldevicecaninstructthezeroflux.andwecantestIpthoughIs.WhenIpchanges,thebalancewillbedamagedandtheHalldevicewillhaveaoutputsignal,so,thenitwillrepeattheaboveprocesstoachievebalanceagain.Anychangesofthemeasuredcurrentwilldisruptthebalance.Oncethemagneticfieldisoutofbalance,Halldevicewillhavesignaloutput.Afterthepoweramplifier,therewillhavecorrespondingcurrentthroughthesecondarywindingtocompensatetheunbalancedmagneticfieldimmediately.Thetimeformagneticfieldtochangefromunbalancetobalanceagainneedslessthan1μsintheory.Thisisadynamicbalanceprocess.Therefore,fromthemacroscopicpointofview,theampere-turnsnumberofthesecondarycompensationcurrentisthesameastheampereturnsofprimarymeasuredcurrentinanytime.

Whenitbecomesbalance,Halldevicewillstayinzerofluxstate.Themagneticinductionintensityofthecoreisextremelylow（idealstateshouldbe0）.Itwon’tmakethecoresaturation,andalsowon'

tproducebighysteresislossoreddycurrentloss.Choosingthecorematerialsandlineelementproperlycanmakeoutexcellentzeromagneticpowercircuitsensors.

Theoutputthatmeasuredinthiswaywillbethecurrentsignal.Ifyouwantthevoltagesignal,youcanconnectaloadattheoutput,andthenitcanbeconvertedintovoltageoutput.

2.3TheapplicationofHallcurrentsensorinintelligentpowergrid

BecausetheHallcurrentsensorcanmeasureallkindsofcurrentandithasaverybigmeasuringrange,highprecision,goodlinearity,andeaseofinstallation,soithasaverywidelyused.Hereisthemainexplanationintheapplicationofintelligentpowergrid.

Alongwiththevigorousdevelopmentofthemodernsociety,nottheindustrialelectricity,