北京东城高三一模英语教师版Word文件下载.docx
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知识运用(共两节,30分)
第一节完形填空(共10小题;
每小题1.5分,共15分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
ALabradorhasbeendoinganimportantjobtohelppeoplestaysafeduringtheCOVID-19pandemic.
Eight-year-oldRobyrunsthroughthestreetsofthehillycityofMedellinseveraltimesadaywitha1inhisjaws,takingvegetables,fruitandpackagedfoodstocustomersoftheFresh4Umini-market.
“Hehelpsustomaintainsocialdistancing,”saidRoby’owner,SherryBotero.“Andpeople2itwhenwesendthedog.”Robyenjoyseatingcarrots3tohimbycustomers,atipforbringingabasketoffood.
Robywasn’talwaysastar.Hewasacceptedintothefamily4byMsBoteroafterrepeatedrequestsbyhersonto5adog.
ButMsBoteroquickly6withthedog.Andwhensheopenedamini-marketfouryearsago,hestartedtoaccompanyhertomakedeliveries.
Robycan’tread7.Butheremembersthenamesofcustomerswhohavepreviouslyrewardedhimwithtreats.Andwithsomepractice,hehaslearnedtogototheirhousesonhisown.
“Heknowsthenamesoffiveorsixofourcustomers,”MsBoterosaid,“SoIsendthegoodswithareceiptinthebasket,andmycustomers8methroughabanktransfer(转账;
转移).”
Robymightnotknowthathe’sbecomean9worker.Butheishappytohelphisownerand10hisdailypay.
1.A.bagB.chainC.basketD.stick
2.A.respectB.loveC.followD.notice
3.A.giftedB.returnedC.lentD.donated
4.A.intentionallyB.regretfullyC.immediatelyD.unwillingly
5.A.adoptB.trainC.adoreD.walk
6.A.gotawayB.keptintouchC.caughtupD.fellinlove
7.A.mindsB.addressesC.numbersD.receipts
8.A.treatB.helpC.payD.impress
9.A.essentialB.honestC.optimisticD.adventurous
10.A.spendB.calculateC.collectD.increase
第二节语法填空(共10小题;
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Cometsareamongthemostbeautifulandinteresting11(sight)intheuniverse.Forcenturies,people12(show)greatinterestinstudyingthem.In1682,EdmundHalley,anastronomer,noticedacometthatwasespeciallybrightandlarge.Basedonhiscalculations,Halleypredictedthatthisbrightcometwouldreturnin1758or1759—thiswasabout75years13hefirstsawthecomet.Thecometreallyreturnedontimeanditwasnamed“Halley’sComet”inhonorofEdmundHalley.
B
Emmawasonherwayhomewhensheheardasuddenscream.Lookingaround,shesawalittleboyonthesidewalkgasping(急喘)forair,his14(frighten)motherbeggingforhelp.Emmarushedtotheboy,15facehadturnedpurple.“What’swrong?
”“Acandy!
Inhisthroat!
”ItwasluckythatEmmahadlearnedhow16(perform)theHeimlichmaneuver(海姆利克急救法)atschool.Sheactedquickly.Soon,theboycoughedupapieceofcandyandbeganbreathingagain.He17(save)intime.
C
InJapan,thewordbonsaimeanstrayplant.Itreferstotheinteresting18(combine)ofartandtheplantingandgrowingofminiaturetreesandplants.BonsaioriginatedinChinamorethan2,000yearsagoand19(spread)toJapanabout700yearsago.Somepeoplebelievethatonlysmallplantsmustbeusedinbonsai,butthisisnottrue.Nearlyanytypeoftreeorplantcanbeused,aslongasitisgrown20aseedorasmallcutting.
第二部分:
阅读理解(共两节,38分)
第一节(共14小题;
每小题2分,共28分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Aspartofourmissiontoinspirethenextgenerationofscientists,inventorsandengineers,theScienceMuseumGroup(SMG)haslaunchedanexcitingnewonlinegame—TotalDarkness.
OverthelastyearwehavebeendevelopingTotalDarknesswiththeaimofcreatinganexperiencethatcanhaveapositiveimpactonpeople’sattitudestowardsSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmaths),aswellashavingafocusonself-reflection,ratherthanaskingplayerstorecallspecificfactsorconcepts.
TotalDarknessisadigitalstorytellingexperiencewhichencouragesyoungpeopletorecognisehowtheskillstheyuseeverydayrelatetoSTEMandcanhelpthemdeveloptheirconfidenceinsciencethinking.Thegameinvitestheplayertosolveamysteriouspowercutintheirhometown.Thegameputsplayersincontrol,allowingtheirchoicesanddecisionstoguidethemthroughthestory.
Astheplayernavigatesthroughthedarkenedstreetsofthetown,equippedonlywithatorch,theywillfacevariouschallenges.Usingtheircuriosity,communicationskillsandcreativeproblemsolving,theywilldiscovernewtheoriesaboutwhatmighthavecausedtheblackout(停电;
断电).Butwitheverysteptheirtorchfades,andtheplayermustsolvethemysterybeforethebatteryrunsout.
Theplayer’schoicesandactionsthroughoutthegamewillscorethemcuriosity,creativityorcommunicationpoints.Attheend,theskillstheplayerhasusedwillberevealedalongwiththeirsciencestyle,showinghowtheycouldputtheirskillsintoactionintherealworld.
TotalDarknessisaimedat8-15year-olds—animportantstageinteens’sciencedevelopment.Researchshowsthatasteensmakethestepbetweenprimaryandsecondary,manymoveawayfromaninterestinscienceasotherinfluenceshaveastrongerpullintheirlives.
TotalDarknessisafreeonlinegameplayableonsmartphone,tabletanddesktop.Playnowattotaldarkness.sciencemuseum.org.uk.
21.TotalDarknessaimstohelpplayers______.
A.recallscientificconcepts
B.betterunderstandSTEM
C.improvestorytellingabilities
D.developcommunicationskills
22.What’sthekeytogettingpointsinTotalDarkness?
A.Judgement.B.Teamwork.
C.Equipment.D.Gamingskills.
23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
A.Topromoteanewproduct.
B.TointroducetheSMG’smission.
C.Toexplaintherulesofanonlinegame.
D.ToemphasizetheimportanceofSTEM.
NickTorrance,ajuniorinhighschool,suffersfrommusculardystrophy(肌肉萎缩症),andattendsschoolinaspecializedwheelchair.Themusclediseasepreventshimfromaccomplishingmanyeverydaytasks,suchascarryinghisbooksandputtingthingsawayinhislocker.Sohehadafellowstudentassignedtohelphim.ButAmySmith,theschool’soccupationaltherapist(治疗师),thoughtthatbeingabletodosomethingsimplelikeopeninghislockeronhisownwouldbeempowering.
Amyinitiallythoughttheywouldbeabletobuyadevicetohelp.Butsearchingonlineturnedupnothingthatcouldmeettheirneeds—everythingneededakeycodeorsomeotherphysicalaction,thingsherdisabledstudentcouldn’tdo.Aftertheoutsidesearchforamethodcameupshort,shelookedwithintheschoolitselfforananswer.Amyturnedtotheschool’sroboticsinstructor.
Theinstructor,inturn,suggestedthattwoofhismostcapablestudentstakeontheproject:
MicahStuhldreherandWyattSmrcka.Theytookfirstplaceinanationalroboticscompetition,sotheywereanaturalchoicetotacklethelockerdoorproblemwitharoboticssolution.MicahandWyattwastednotimegettingdowntoworkandforanhoureachschoolday,theboysbrainstormed,built,andrebuiltvariousversionsofthedeviceuntiltheylandedontheperfectsolutiononeyearlater.
Likeinanydevicedevelopment,ittookalotoftrialanderrorforMicahandWyatttomakesomethingthatwouldworkfortheirtargetaudience.Forexample,theyinitiallybuiltalocker-openingbutton,butNickwasn’tstrongenoughtopushit,sotheyreplaceditwithasensor.
Now,betweenclassesNicksteershiselectricwheelchairtohislockerandwaveshishandoverasensoronthearmofthewheelchair.Afewsecondslater,thelockerdoorswingsopen.Anotherwaveclosesthedoor.Nickcanmakeitwithease—itmaybeasmallthing,butitgiveshimasenseofindependence.
24.WhydidAmySmithwantadevice?
A.Toincreaseherstudent’sconfidence.
B.Toencouragecooperationatschool.
C.Toinspirearoboticsinvention.
D.Tohelptreatamuscledisease.
25.Withasensorinhiswheelchair,Nickcan______.
A.movearoundeasilyB.puthisthingsaway
C.continuehisschoolingD.openandclosehislocker
26.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordscanbestdescribeMicahandWyatt?
A.Caringandpassionate.B.Talentedandambitious.
C.Sensitiveandinsightful.D.Humbleandwarmhearted.
C
Vaccines(疫苗)maysoonmaketheirfirstfilmappearance.LedbyexpertMariaA.Croyle,researchershavedevelopedathinsheetthatpreservesvaccinesforlongperiodswithoutrefrigeration.Thismeansthecarefullycooledsmallbottlesnowusedtoshipvaccinescouldpotentiallybereplacedbylightweightfilmsthatcanbemailedinanenvelopeandstoredonashelf.
Croyle’slaboratorybegandevelopingthetechnologyin2007.Inspiredbyamber’sabilitytopreservetheDNAofinsects,theresearcherssetouttocreatetheirownversionofthesubstancebymixing“alotofsugarandalittlebitofsalt,muchlikehardcandy,”Croyleexplains.Thevaccine-containingfilmisadministeredbymouth—sweetnewsformanywhodislikeneedles.
Thefilmistailoredtosuiteachspecificvaccinecandidateandprovideaprotectivecoating.“We’velearnedovertimethatthekeytoreallystabilizingwhateverthefilmholdsistohaveitintermixedwithallthecomponents,”Croylesays,addingthattheprocessisquickandusesaffordable,standardequipment.“Wereallywantedtocomeupwithsomethingthatwouldbetransferabletodevelopingcountries.”
Immunization(免疫)programsdependheavilyonkeepingvaccinescold(2℃-8℃)astheyaretransported,sometimesoverthousandsofkilometerstofar-awaylocations.Deliverycanbedifficultandcostly,andtransportdisruptionscancausethevaccinesto