涂料术语Word文档格式.docx
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Asubstancesuchaslye,sodaorlimethatcanbehighlydestructivetopaintfilms.Analkaline,or“basic”chemicalsubstancesuchaslimeorlye.Generallypresentinfreshcement,concrete,orplaster.
ALKYD:
Syntheticresinmodifiedwithoilforgoodadhesiontoacleansurfaceandgoodgloss,colorretentionandflexibility.Slowdrying.
ALLIGATORING:
Conditionofpaintfilmwheresurfaceiscrackedanddevelopsanappearancesimilartoalligatorskin.
ALUMINUMPAINT:
Apaintthatincludesaluminumparticlesandgivesametallicfinishwhendried.
ANCHORING:
Mechanicalbondingofacoatingtoaroughsurfaceascontrastedwithadhesion,whichischemicalbonding.
ANTI-CORROSIVEPAINT:
Apaintdesignedtominimizerustorcorrosionwhenapplieddirectlytometal.
ANTI-FOULINGPAINT:
Speciallyformulatedpaintforsurfacessuchasboathullsandpiers.Itdiscouragesattachmentandgrowthofmarineplantsandanimals.
ANTIQUEFINISH:
Afinishusuallyappliedtofurnitureorwoodworktogivetheappearanceofage.
APPLIEDHIDING:
Refersnotonlytotheopacityofthepaintfilm,butalsotohowithides,dependingonitsthicknessandhowsmoothlyitflowsout.Musttakeintoaccounthowthepaintisapplied(brush,roller,spray,etc.)
BACKPRIMED:
Whenacoatofpaintisappliedtothebackofwoodworkandexteriorsidingtopreventmoisturefromenteringthewoodandcausingthegraintoswell.
BACKERROD:
Anextrudedfoamrodthatistypicallyplacedinjointsthataredeeperthan1/2”(12.5mm)tofillinsomeofthespacebeforethesealantisapplied.Foambackerrodscomeinavarietyofdiameters,rangingfrom1/8”(3mm)to3/4”(20mm).
BENZENE:
Powerfulbuthighlytoxicandflammablesolvent,usuallyrestrictedtosprayapplication.
BENZINE:
Oftenusedasalacquerdilutent.Highlyvolatileandafirehazardinshippingandstoring.
BINDER:
(1)Acomponentofpaintthat“binds”thepigmentparticlesintoauniform,continuouspaintfilm,andmakesthepaintadheretothesurface.Thenatureandamountofbinderhelpsdeterminemostofthepaint’sperformanceproperties:
washability,toughness,adhesion,colorretentionanddurability.
(2)Incaulk,acomponentthat“blinds”thepigmentparticlesintoahomogeneouscompoundandmakesthecaulkadheretothesurface.Themainperformancepropertiesofcaulk:
durability,adhesion,andflexibilityatlowtemperatures0aredeterminedbythebinder.
BIOCIDE:
Abiologicallyactivepaintandcaulkadditivedesignedtokeepbacteriafromspoilingthepaintorcaulkduringstorage,ortokeepmildewfromgrowingontheappliedpaint.
BLEACHING:
Theprocessofrestoringdiscoloredorstainedwoodtoitsnormalcolorormakingitlighter.
BLEEDING:
Undercoatstainingthroughthetopcoat.
BLISTERING:
Theformationofbubblesorpimplesonthepaintedsurfacecausedbymoistureinthewoodbypaintingbeforethepreviouscoathasdriedthoroughlyorbyexcessiveheatorgreaseunderthepaint.
BLOCKFILLER:
Athick,paint-likematerialusedtosmoothoutveryroughmasonrysurfaceslikecinderblock.Itisgenerallybrush-applied,thenpainted.
BLOCKRESISTANCE:
Thecapabilityofacoatingtoresiststickingtoitselfwhenusedontwosurfacesthatcomeintocontactwitheachother,e.g.,doorandjamb,windowsashandsill.
BLUSHING:
Aglossfilmturningflatoraclearlacquerturningwhite,usuallycausedbymoisturecondensationduringthedryingprocess.
BODY:
Thethicknessorthinnessofaliquidpaint.
BOXING:
Mixingpaintbypouringfromonecontainertoanotherseveraltimestoensurethoroughmixing.
BREATHE:
Theabilityofapaintfilmtopermitthepassageofmoisturevaporwithoutcausingblistering,cracking,orpeeling.
BRIDGING:
Abilityofpainttospansmallgapsorcracksthroughitscohesionandelasticqualities.
BRISTLE:
Theworkingpartofabrushcontainingnaturalbristles(usuallyhoghair)orartificialbristles(nylonorpolyester).
BRUSHABILITY:
Theabilityoreasewithwhichpaintcanbebrushed.
BRUSHMARKS:
Marksofbrushthatremaininthedriedpaintfilm.
BRUSH-OUT:
Atechniquesometimesusedtoinfluencealargesalethatconsistsofbrushingoutasampleofpaintontoaslabofwoodorothermaterialsothecustomercanseehowthefinishedjobwilllook.
BUBBLES:
Airbubblesinadryingpaintfilmcausedbyexcessivebrushingduringapplicationorbyovervigorousmixingthatresultsinairtrapment.
BUILD(orFILMBUILD):
Thicknessordepthofapaintfilm.
BURNINGIN:
Repairingafinishbymeltingstickshellacintothedamagedplacesbyusingaheatedknifebladeoriron.
BURNISHING:
Shinyorlustrousspotsonapaintsurfacecausedbyrubbing.
CALCIMINE:
Awater-thinnedpaintcomposedessentiallyofcalciumcarbonateorclayglue.
CALCIMUMCARBONATE:
Aminedmaterial(chalk)thatisusedasanextenderorfillerforpaintandcaulk.
CAMELHAIR:
TradenamefortailhairfromvarioustypesofRussiansquirrels.Usedforsignwriter,lacqueringbrushingsandletteringquills.
CATALYST:
Aningredientthatspeedsupachemicalreaction;
sometimesusedintwocomponentpaintsystems.
CAULK:
Agenerictermforacompoundusedtofillcracks,gaps,seamsandjoints.
CAULKINGCOMPOUND:
Asemidryingorslowdryingplasticmaterialusedtosealjointsorfillcrevicesaroundwindows,chimneys.
CHALKING:
Theformationofaloosepowderorthesurfaceofpaintafterexposuretotheelements.
CHECKING:
Akindofpaintfailureinwhichmanysmallcracksappearinthesurfaceofthepaint.
CHEMICALRESISTANCE:
Theabilityofacoatingtoresistdamagebychemicals.
CHIME:
Theliparoundtheopeningofapaintcanintowhichthelidisplaced.
CLAY:
Awhite,minedmineralusedasanextender–mostlyininteriorpaints.
CLEARCOATING:
Atransparentprotectiveand/ordecorativefilm.
COALESCENT:
Anorganicsolventusedinlatexpaintsthatactsasatemporaryplasticizer,toaidinfilmformation.Ithelpsthebinderformacontinuousfilmwhenapplied,particularlyatthelowendoftheapplicationtemperaturerangerecommendedforthecoating.
COALESCING:
Thesettlingordryingofanemulsionpaintasthewaterevaporates.
COATING:
paint,varnish,lacquerorotherfinishusedtocreateaprotectiveand/ordecorativelayer.
COHESION:
Attractionofmoleculeswithinacoating(howitholdstogether).
COLOR:
Specialcolorsmadebyaddingcoloranttopaintorbyintermixingcolors,whichpermitstheretailertomatchacolorselectedbytheconsumer.
COLORRETENTION:
Theabilityofapainttokeepitsoriginalcolorandresistfading.Thistermisgenerallyappliedtoexteriorpaints.
COLORUNIFORMITY:
Abilityofacoatingtomaintainauniformorconsistentcoloracrossitsentiresurface,particularlyduringtheweatheringprocess.
COLORWHEEL:
Acircularchartwithwedge-shapedsegmentsofdifferentspecificcolors.Usedincolordecorating.
COLORANT:
Concentratedcolorthatcanbeaddedtopaintstomakeaspecificcolor.
COLORFAST:
Faderesistant.
COMBUSTIBLE:
Referstoanyliquidwithaflashpointorabove100degreesF(37.5degreesC)
COMPLEMENTARYCOLORS:
Twocolorsdirectlyoppositeoneanotheronthecolorwheel.
CONSISTANCY:
Thethicknessorbrushabilityofapaint.
CONTACTCEMENT:
Completelynon-stainingcement.Idealforapplyingwallpanelingandforcoveringcounters,cabinetsandtabletopswithbothporousandnon-poroussurfacingmaterialsrangingfromlinoleumtoplasticlaminates.
CONTRASTINGCOLORS:
Colorsseparatedbyatleastthreeothersonthecolorwheel.
COPPERSTAINING:
Usuallycausedbycorrosionofcopperscreens,guttersordownspoutswashingdownonpaintedsurfaces.Canbepreventedbypaintingorvarnishingthecopper.
CORROSIONINHIBITOR:
Anymaterialusedtopreventtheoxidation(rusting)ofmetals.Maybeapaintundercoat,andadditive,apigment,oracoatingappliedtothesurface.
CORROSION-RESISTANT:
Abilityofasubstancetoresistdeteriorationduetoachemicalreactionwithitsenvironment.Coatingsthatdothisusuallycontainacorrosioninhibitor.
COVERAGE:
Theareaoverwhichagivenamountofpaintwillspreadandhidetheprevioussurface.(Usuallyexpressedinsquarefeetpergallon).
CRACKING:
Thetypeofpaintfailurecharacterizedbybreaksinirregularlineswideenoughtoexposetheunderlyingsurface.
CRAWLING:
Varnishdefectinwhichpooradhesionofvarnishtosurfaceinsomespotscausesittogatherupinglobs.
CRAZING:
Small,interlacingcracksonsurfaceoffinish.
CREOSOTE:
Atypeofliquidcoatingmadefromcoaltarthatisusedasawoodpreservative.Itshouldnotbeusedonwoodthatwillbepaintedlater.
CRYSTALLINESILICA:
SeeSilica.
CURING:
Finalconversionordryingoracoatingmaterial.
CUSTOMCOLOR:
Specialcolorsthataremadebyaddingcoloranttopaintorbyintermixingpaintsofdifferentcolors.Permitsthepreparationofaselectedcolorpaintatthepoint