山西省临汾市届高三英语上学期第二次月考试题Word文档格式.docx
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30pmforadirectjourneytoPhillipIsland.
SeetheGippslandarea–GuinnessBookofRecordsplacefortheworld’slongestearthworm(蚯蚓)
JourneyalongthecoastalhighwayaroundtheBaywithFrenchIslandandChurchillIslandinthedistance
CrossthebridgeatSanRemotoenterPhillipIsland–naturalhomeforLittlePenguinsandmanyanimals
Takeyourplaceinspecialviewingstands(看台)towatchthedailyeveningperformanceofthewildLittlePenguins
UltimatePenguins(+U)
Joinagroupofupto15.Thisguidedtourgoestoanattractive,quietbeachtoseeLittlePenguins.Youcanseepenguinsatnightbywearingaspecialpairofglasses.
Adult(成人)$60.00Child$30.00
ViewingPlatformPenguinPlus(+V)
Morepersonalizedwildlifeviewinglimitedto130peopleprovidingcloserviewingofthepenguinarrivalthanthemainviewingstands.
Adult$25.00Child$12.50
PenguinSkybox(+S)
Joinagroupofonly5inthecomfortofaspecial,higher-upviewingtower.GainanexcellentoverviewofSummerlandBeach.
Adult16yrs+$50.00
1.Whatkindofpeopleisthetextmainlywrittenfor?
A.Scientists.B.StudentsC.Tourists.D.Artists.
2.WecanlearnfromthetextthatLittlePenguins__________.
A.havebeenonPhillipIslandforyearsB.keepaGuinnessrecordfortheirsize
C.aretrainedtopracticedivingforvisitorsD.liveinlargegroupstoprotectthemselves
3.Howmuchwouldacouplewithonechildpayforacloserviewingtour?
A.$37.50.B.$62.50.C.$180.00.D.$150.00.
B
Morethan10yearsago,itwasdifficulttobuyatastypineapple(菠萝).ThefruitsthatmadeittotheUKweregreenontheoutsideand,moreoftenthannot,hardwithanunpleasanttastewithin.Thenin1966,theDelMonteGoldpineappleproducedinHawaiifirsthitourshelves.
Thenewtypeofpineapplelookedmoreyellowy-goldthangreen.Itwasslightlysofterontheoutsideandhadalotofjuiceinside.Butthemostimportantthingaboutthisnewtypeofpineapplewasthatitwastwiceassweetasthehit-and-misspineappleswehadknown.Innotime,theDelMonteGoldtookthemarketbystorm,rapidlybecomingtheworld’sbest-sellingpineapplevariety,anddeliveringnaturallevelsofsweetnessinthemouth,upuntilthenonlyfoundintinnedpineapple.
Innutrition(营养)itwasallgoodnewstoo.ThisnicetastingpineapplecontainedfourtimesmorevitaminC(维生素C)thantheoldgreenvariety.Nutritionistssaidthatitwasnotonlyfullofvitamins,butalsogoodagainstsomediseases.Peoplewereunderstandablyeagertobeabletobuythiswonderfulfruit.Thenewtypeofpineapplewassellingfast,andtheDelMonteGoldpineapplerapidlybecameafixtureintheshoppingbasketofthehealthyeater.
Seeingthegrowingmarketforitswinningpineapple,DelMontetriedtokeepmarkettoitself.Butotherfruitcompaniesdevelopedsimilarpineapples.DelMonteturnedtolawforhelp,butfailed.ThosecompaniesarguedsuccessfullythatDelMonte’sattemptstokeepthegoldenpineappleforitselfwerejustawaytoknockthemoutthemarket.
4.Welearnfromthetextthatthenewtypeofpineappleis__________.
A.greenoutsideandsweetinsideB.good-lookingoutsideandsoftinside
C.yellowy-goldoutsideandhardinsideD.alittlesoftoutsideandsweetinside
5.Whywasthenewtypeofpineapplesellingwell?
A.Itwasrichinnutritionandtastednice.B.Itwaslesssweetandgoodforhealth.
C.ItwasdevelopedbyDelMonte.D.Itwasusedasmedicine.
6.Theunderlinedword“fixture”inParagraph3probablyreferstosomething_________.
A.thatpeopleenjoyeatingB.thatisalwayspresent
C.thatisdifficulttogetD.thatpeopleuseasagift
7.WelearnfromthelastparagraphthatDelMonte_________.
A.slowedothercompaniestodeveloppineapples
B.succeededinkeepingthepineappleforitself
C.triedhardtocontrolthepineapplemarket
D.plannedtohelptheothercompanies
C
EdwardWilsonisAmerica’s,ifnottheworld’s,leadingnaturalist.InTheFutureofLife,hetakesusonatouroftheworld’snaturalresources(资源).Howaretheyused?
Whathasbeenlost?
Whatremainsandisitabletocontinuewiththepresentspeedofuse?
Wilsonalsopointsouttheneedtounderstandfullythebiodiversity(生物多样性)ofourearth.
Wilsonbeginswithanopenlettertothepioneerinenvironment(环境)protection,HenryDavidThoreau.Hecomparestoday’sWaldenPondwiththatofThoreau’sday.Wilsonwillusesuchcomparisonsfortherestofthebook.Theproblemisclear:
manhasdonegreatdamagetohishomeovertheyears.Cantheearth,withhumanhelp,bemadetoreturntobiodiversitylevelsthatwillbeabletosupportusinthefuture?
Biodiversity,Wilsonargues,isthekeytosettlingmanyproblemstheearthfacestoday.Evenouragriculturalcropscangainadvantagesfromit.Amerehundredspecies(物种)arethebasisofourfoodsupply,ofwhichbuttwentycarrytheload.Wilsonsuggestschangingthissituationbylookingintotenthousandspeciesthatcouldbemadeuseof,whichwillbeawaytoreducetheclearingofthenaturalhomesofplantsandanimalstoenlargefarmingareas.
Attheendofthebook,Wilsondiscussestheimportanceofhumanvaluesinconsideringtheenvironment.Ifyouaretocontinuetoliveontheearth,youmaywellreadandactontheideasinthisbook.
8.WelearnfromthetextthatWilsoncaresmostabout______
A.theenvironmentforplantsB.thebiodiversityofourearth
C.thewastesofnaturalresourcesD.theimportanceofhumanvalues
9.Howmanyspeciesaremostimportanttoourpresentfoodsupply?
A.Twenty.B.Eighty.C.OnehundredD.Tenthousand.
10.Wilsonsuggeststhatonewaytokeepbiodiversityisto_______.
A.learnhowtofarmscientificallyB.buildhomesforsomedyingspecies
C.makeitclearwhattoeatD.usemorespeciesforfood
11.Wecaninferthatthetextis_______
A.adescriptionofnaturalresourcesB.aresearchreport
C.abookreviewD.anintroductiontoascientist.
D
Plantsarefloweringfasterthanscientistspredicted(预测)inreactiontoclimatechange,whichcouldhavelongdamagingeffectsonfoodchainsandecosystems.
Globalwarmingishavingagreateffectonhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworld,changingsomelivingpatterns,scientistssay.
Increasedcarbondioxide(CO2)intheairfromburningcoalandoilcanhaveaneffectonhowplantsproduceoxygen,whilehighertemperaturesandchangeablerainfallpatternscanchangetheirpatternsofgrowth.
“Predictingspecies’reactiontoclimatechangeisamajorchallengeinecology,”saidtheresearchesofseveralU.S.universities.Theysaidplantshadbeenthekeyobjectofstudybecausetheirreactiontoclimatechangecouldhaveaneffectonfoodchainsandecosystemservices.
Thestudy,publishedontheNaturewebsite,usesthefindingsfromplantlifecyclestudiesandexperimentsacrossfourcontinentsand1,634species.Itfoundthatsomeexperimentshadunderestimatedthespeedoffloweringby8.5timesandleafing(长出叶子)by4times.
“Acrossallspecies,theexperimentsunder-predictedthespeedoftheadvance—forbothleafingandflowering—thatresultsfromtemperatureincreases,”thestudysaid.
Thedesignoffutureexperimentsmayneedtobeimprovedtobetterpredicthowplantswillreacttoclimatechange,itsaid.
PlantsarenecessaryforlifeontheEarth.Theyarethebaseofthefoodchain,usingphotosynthesis(光合作用)toproducesugarfromcarbondioxideandwater.Theyletoutoxygenwhichisneededbynearlyeveryorganismontheplanet.
Scientistsbelievetheworld’saveragetemperaturehasrisenbyabout0.8℃since1900,andnearly0.2℃everytenyearssince1979.
Sofar,effortstocutemissions(排放)ofplanet-warminggreenhousegasesarenotseenasenoughtopreventtheEarthheatingupbeyond(超出)2℃thiscentury—apointscientistssaywillbringthedangerofachangeableclimateinwhichweatherextremesarecommon,leadingtodrought,floods,cropfailuresandrisingsealevels.
12.WhatisthekeyinformationtheauthorwantstogiveinParagraph1?
A.Plants’reactiontoweathercouldhavedamagingeffectsonecosystems.
B.Theincreasingspeedoffloweringisbeyondscientists’expectation.
C.Climatechangeleadstothechangeoffoodproductionpatterns.
D.Foodchainshavebeenseriouslydamagedbecauseofweather.
13.WecanlearnfromthestudypublishedontheNaturewebsitethat_________.
A.plants’floweringis8.5timesfasterthanleafing
B.thereare1,634plantspeciesonthefourcontinents
C.scientistsshouldimprovethedesignoftheexperiments
D.theexperimentsfailedtopredicthowplantsreacttoclimatechange
14.Scientistspayspecialattentiontothestudyofplantsbecause__________.
A.theycanprovetheclimatechangeclearly
B.theyareveryimportantinthefoodchains
C.theyplayaleadingroleinreducingglobalwarming
D.theyaregrowingandfloweringmuchfasterthanbefore
15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsabouttheworld’stemperature?
A.Ithasrisennearly0.2℃since1979.
B.Itschangewillleadtoweatherextremes.
C.Itis0.8℃higherin1979thanthatof1900.
D.Itneedstobecontrolledwithin2℃inthiscentury.
第二节(共5小题;
每小题3分,满分15分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Modernlifeismakinguslonelier,andrecentresearch