国际象棋开局及基本杀着Word下载.docx
《国际象棋开局及基本杀着Word下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《国际象棋开局及基本杀着Word下载.docx(17页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
开局库............................................................................................................................................................................6
苏格兰开局....................................................................................................................................................6法兰西防御....................................................................................................................................................7卡罗康防御....................................................................................................................................................8西西里防御....................................................................................................................................................8意大利开局....................................................................................................................................................9双马防御........................................................................................................................................................9西班牙开局..................................................................................................................................................10俄罗斯防御..................................................................................................................................................10斯堪的纳维亚防御......................................................................................................................................11比尔茨防御..................................................................................................................................................11阿廖欣防御..................................................................................................................................................11斯拉夫防御..................................................................................................................................................11剑桥防御......................................................................................................................................................13接受后翼弃兵..............................................................................................................................................13古印度防御..................................................................................................................................................13新印度防御..................................................................................................................................................14尼姆佐维奇防御..........................................................................................................................................14格林菲尔德防御..........................................................................................................................................14别诺尼防御..................................................................................................................................................15荷兰防御......................................................................................................................................................15卡塔龙开局..................................................................................................................................................15
基本杀着......................................................................................................................................................................16
1、阿拉伯杀法............................................................................................................................................162、达米阿诺杀法........................................................................................................................................163、格列科的小蛇........................................................................................................................................164、罗里的玫瑰刺........................................................................................................................................165、阿纳斯塔西娅杀法................................................................................................................................16
6、迷失的护卫............................................................................................................................................167、菲利道尔的遗产....................................................................................................................................168、安德森的闷杀........................................................................................................................................169、摩菲的肩章............................................................................................................................................1710、布莱克伯尼的将杀..............................................................................................................................17
11、后与象的绝配......................................................................................................................................1712、斜线的威力..........................................................................................................................................1713、希腊的礼物..........................................................................................................................................1714、马拉松赛跑..........................................................................................................................................1715、拉斯克弃双象......................................................................................................................................1716、拉斯克跷跷板......................................................................................................................................17
1
17、皮尔斯拜里将杀和摩菲将杀..............................................................................................................17
18、消失的庞贝城......................................................................................................................................1719、调虎离山计..........................................................................................................................................1820、彼得罗辛和棋法..................................................................................................................................1821、卧虎藏龙在g8或g1...........................................................................................................................18
22、波登将杀..............................................................................................................................................1823、特洛伊木马..........................................................................................................................................1824、无助的羔羊..........................................................................................................................................1825、次底线车的风暴..................................................................................................................................1826、沉没的泰坦尼克..................................................................................................................................1927、锁喉f7(f2).....................................................................................................................................1929、菲舍尔陷阱..........................................................................................................................................1930、科尔奇诺依牵制..................................................................................................................................1931、孙悟空七十二变..................................................................................................................................19
2
开局基本原则
1、尽快出动子力,占据战略要点。
一般马、象类弱子应先出动,后、车类强子应当后出,避免重复着法或进而复退的着法。
2、争夺中心或控制中心。
3、建立巩固的兵防,在没有适当的局面或攻势的补偿下,避免在自己一方的阵地内形成弱兵或弱格。
4、力求子力达到战略协同。
这里的子力协同包括强子与强子、强子与弱子、弱子与弱子,兵与兵之间的协同,避免互相干扰,互相阻塞或妨碍。
5、适时地进行王车易位,使王及时转移到安全位置,以防对方突然袭击。
6、棋局是对抗性的战斗,开局时,某一方在力求自己的着法符合以上基本原则的同时,还要尽力迫使对方或诱使对方违反上述基本原则,从而使对方陷入被动,己方掌握主动。
7、开局的基本原则无疑是开局阶段的行棋指南。
但是开局斗争就其本身内容来说是非常复杂的,也绝非一成不变的。
8、开局阶段的战略计划多种多样,需要随机应变,并且从头几步起就有她具体的内容。
布局形式
布局形式是按照第一回合的走法来定的,分三种。
1.白e4黑e5:
称为开放性布局
2.白e4黑不走e5:
称为半开放性布局
3.白不走e4:
称为封闭性布局
开放性布局
一、名称:
意大利开局
走法:
1.e4e52.Nf3Nc63.Bc4...战略思想:
以白格象威胁黑方脆弱的f7兵,可通过弃兵,弃子制造杀机实战经验:
容易迅速简化,只推荐新手作为练习使用
二、名称:
西班牙开局
1.e4e52.Nf3Nc63.Bb5...战略思想:
可走兑换变例,换马威胁e5兵,也可走成其它变例
实战经验:
目前流行开局,变化多端,内容丰富。
世界冠军菲舍尔对此开局就有很深的造诣。
3
三、名称:
苏格兰开局
1.e4e52.Nf3Nc63.d4...
战略思想:
利用d兵抢占中心
容易被扳成平先,但还是有尝试的价值四、名称:
王翼弃兵
1.e4e52.f4...战略思想:
迅速占领中心,出子领先
白方王翼薄弱,现在已经很少有人使用了五、名称:
双马防御
1.e4e52.Nf3Nc63.Bc4Nf6战略思想:
面对意大利开局,如不想走Bc5,则可改为Nf6,同时攻击白e兵
局面尖锐,由于使用意大利开局的人少了,因此双马防御的出现自然也跟着减少
六、名称:
匈牙利防御
1.e4