江苏省高考英语总复习阅读理解.docx
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江苏省高考英语总复习阅读理解
2021年江苏省高考英语总复习:
阅读理解
1.Aswecontinuetoexplorefartheroutintooursolarsystemandbeyond,thequestionofhumanslivingonotherplanetsoftencomesup.MannedbasesontheMoonorMarsforexample,havelongbeenadreamofmany.Thereisanaturaldesiretoexploreasfaraswecango,andalsotoextendhumanity'spresenceonapermanent(永久的)oratleastsemi﹣permanentbasis.Inordertodothis,however,itisnecessarytoadapttodifferentextremeenvironments.OntheMoonforexample,acolonymustbeself﹣sustaining(自立的)andprotectitsinhabitantsfromtheairless,harshenvironmentoutside.
Mars,though,isdifferent.WhilefuturebasescouldadapttotheMartianenvironmentovertimethereisalsothepossibilityofmodifying(改变)thesurroundingenvironmentinsteadofjustco﹣existingwithit.Thisistheprocessofterraforming﹣adjustingMars'atmosphereandenvironmenttomakeitmoreEarth﹣like.Butthebiggerquestionis,shouldwe?
OneofthemainissuesiswhetherMarshasanynativelifeornotandifitdoes,shoulditbepreserved(保护)asmuchaspossible?
Iftheanswerisyes,thenlarge﹣scalehumansettlementsonMarsshouldbecompletelyoff﹣limits.Smallcoloniesmightbefine,butlivingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativehabitats,iftheyexist.IfMarsishometoanyindigenouslife,thenterraformingshouldbeanon﹣issue;itsimplyshouldnotbedone.
WhatifMarsislifeless?
Evenifnolifeexiststhere,thatuntouchedanduniquealienenvironmentneedstobepreservedasitisasmuchaspossible.We'vealreadydonetoomuchdamagehereonourownplanet.BystudyingMarsandotherplanetsandmoonsintheircurrentnaturalstate,wecanlearnsomuchabouttheirhistoryandalsolearnmoreaboutourownworld.Weshouldappreciatethedifferencesofotherworldsinsteadofjusttransformingthemtosuitourownambitions.
(1)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
B
A.AreMarsandEarthSoDifferent?
B.ShouldweterraformMars?
C.CanweadapttoMars?
D.IstherelifeonMars?
(2)WhatdoestheauthorthinkweshoulddoiflifeisfoundonMars?
A
A.Ensurethatit'snotharmed.
B.DiscusswiththeMartians.
C.Changetheunpopulatedregions.
D.Reconsidertheadvantagesanddisadvantages.
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"indigenous"inparagraph3mean?
D
A.Complex.
B.Intelligent.
C.Foreign.
D.Native.
(4)Howdoestheauthordevelophisideasinthetext?
C
A.Byreferringtoothers'research.
B.Byshowingthebenefitsofterraforming.
C.Byarguinginsupportofoneviewpoint.
D.Byexaminingtheconditionsofdifferentplanets.
【解答】
(1)B.标题归纳题。
根据第二段"Mars,though,isdifferent.WhilefuturebasescouldadapttotheMartianenvironmentovertime,thereisalsothepossibilityofmodifyingthesurroundingenvironmentinsteadofjustco﹣existingwithit.Thisistheprocessofterraforming﹣adjustingMars'atmosphereandenvironmenttomakeitmoreEarth﹣like.Butthebiggerquestionis,shouldwe?
不过,火星是不同的.虽然未来的基地可以随着时间的推移而适应火星的环境,但也有可能改变周围的环境,而不仅仅是与之共存.这是一个地形形成的过程﹣﹣调整火星的大气和环境,使其更像地球.但更大的问题是,我们应该吗",以及第三段"OneofthemainissuesiswhetherMarshasanynativelifeornotandifitdoes,shoulditbepreservedasmuchaspossible?
Iftheanswerisyes,thenlarge﹣scalehumansettlementsonMarsshouldbecompletelyoff﹣limits.其中一个主要问题是火星是否有原生生命,如果有,是否应该尽可能地保存下来?
如果答案是肯定的,那么火星上大规模的人类住区应该是完全禁止的。
"可知本文主要讲述了当我们继续探索更远的太阳系和更远的地方时,生活在其他星球上的人类的问题经常出现.但是调整火星的大气和环境,使其更像地球吗?
所以"B.ShouldweterraformMars?
"作为题目最合适。
故选B.
(2)A.细节理解题。
根据第三段"OneofthemainissuesiswhetherMarshasanynativelifeornotandifitdoes,shoulditbepreservedasmuchaspossible?
Iftheanswerisyes,thenlarge﹣scalehumansettlementsonMarsshouldbecompletelyoff﹣limits.Smallcolonicsmightbefine,butlivingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativehabitats,iftheyexist.其中一个主要问题是,火星上是否有原生生命,如果有,是否应该尽可能多地保存下来?
如果答案是肯定的,那么火星上的大规模人类定居点应该是完全禁止的。
小型殖民地也许可以,但是如果它们存在的话,生活在火星上,不应该以牺牲任何原生栖息地为代价。
"可知如果火星上有生命,作者认为我们应该确保它不会受到伤害。
故选A.
(3)D.词义猜测题。
根据文章第三段,Smallcolonicsmightbefine,butlivingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativehabitats,iftheyexist.IfMarsishometoanyindigenouslife,thenterraformingshouldbeanon﹣issue;itsimplyshouldnotbedone.小型殖民地也许可以,但生活在火星上不应该以牺牲任何原生栖息地为代价,如果火星是任何原生生命的家园,那么地形形成就不应该是一个问题,根本不应该这样做.可知,划线单词意为:
本土的,结合选项:
A.Complex复杂的;B.Intelligent聪明的;C.Foreign外国的.D.Native本土的。
故选D.
(4)C.推理判断题。
根据第三段"OneofthemainissuesiswhetherMarshasanynativelifeornotandifitdoes,shoulditbepreservedasmuchaspossible?
Iftheanswerisyes,thenlarge﹣scalehumansettlementsonMarsshouldbecompletelyoff﹣limits.Smallcolonicsmightbefine,butlivingonMarsshouldnotbeattheexpenseofanynativehabitats,iftheyexist.其中一个主要问题是,火星上是否有原生生命,如果有,是否应该尽可能多地保存下来?
如果答案是肯定的,那么火星上的大规模人类定居点应该是完全禁止的。
小型殖民地也许可以,但是如果它们存在的话,生活在火星上,不应该以牺牲任何原生栖息地为代价。
",以及根据第四段"WhatifMarsislifeless?
Evenifnolifeexiststhere,thatuntouchedanduniquealienenvironmentneedstobepreservedasitisasmuchaspossi