理工类A级卷一文档格式.docx

理工类A级卷一文档格式.docx

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D.extensive

3.Shecouldnotanswer,itwasanimmenseloadoffherheart.

A.natural

B.fatal

C.tiny

D.enormous

4.Thebookmadeagreatimpactonitsreaders.

A.force

B.influence

C.surprise

D.power

5.Accompaniedbycheerfulmusic,webegantodance.

A.pleasant

B.colorful

C.fashionable

D.different

6.Hewasnoteligiblefortheexaminationbecausehewasoverage.

A.competitive

B.diligent

C.qualified

D.competent.

7.HernoveldepictsanambitiousChinese.

A.writes

B.sketches

C.describes

D.indicates

8.Don’tirritateher,she’sonashortfusetoday.

A.tease

B.attract

C.annoy

D.protect

9.Itisabsurdtogooutinsuchterribleweather.

A.ridiculous

B.funny

C.odd

D.interesting

10.Inotifiedhimthatmyaddresshadchanged.

A.informed

B.observed

C.mocked

D.misled

11.Themanagerallocatedutiestotheclerks.

A.assign

B.persuade

C.ask

D.order

12.Theoncebarrenhillsidesarenowgoodfarmland.

A.hairless

B.bare

C.empty

D.bald

13.Itispostulatedthatacureforthediseasewillhavebeenfoundbytheyear2000.

A.challenged

B.assumed

C.deducted

D.decreed

14.Wemustabidebytherules.

A.stickto

B.persistin

C.safeguard

D.apply

15.Frommystandpoint,youknow,thisthingisjustfunny.

A.position

B.pointofview

C.knowledge

D.opinion

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题l分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；

如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；

如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

StemCellTherapyMayHelpRepairtheHeart 

AccordingtoscientistsintheUSA,stemcelltherapymayonedaybeabletorepairtheheartsofpeoplewithheartfailure.ResearchersatPittsburghUniversitySchoolofMedicineexamined20patientswhohadsevereheartfailureandweregoingtohavesurgery. 

Theyinjectedstemcellsintothepartsoftheirheartsthatweredamaged,Theythencomparedtheirheartswiththoseofpeoplewhohadundergonesurgerywithouthavingthestemcellsinjectedintothem（theyhadalsosufferedfromsevereheartfailure）.Thepatientswhohadhadthestemcellsinjectedhadheartsthatwereabletopump（用泵抽运）morebloodthantheothers. 

AccordingtoProfessorRobertKormos,oneoft11eresearchers,theseresultscouldrevolutionizehearttreatment.Althoughpreviousstudieshadindicatedthattheremightbeabenefit,thisisthefirststudythathasactuallyprovedthatstemcelltherapycanhelpthefailingheartworkbetter. 

Allthepatientsinthisstudyhadheartsthatcouldnotpumpbloodproperly.Thescientistsmeasuredtheirejectionfraction（射血分数）.1tisameasureofheartperformance;

youmeasurehowmuchbloodisbeingpumpedoutbytheleftventricle（心室）. 

Healthypeople’sejectionfractionisabout55%.Thesepatientshadejectionfractionofunder35%.Theya11hadby-passsurgery（搭桥手术）performedonthem.Someofthepatientshadstemcellstakenfromtheirhipbonesandinjectedinto25-30sitesinthedamagedheartmuscle,Sixmonthslatertheirejectionfractionratewas46.1%whilethosewhojusthadsurgerybutnostemcellinjectionsaveraged372%.Nosideeffectswerereposed. 

Heartfailureisacommonproblemallovertheworld.IntheUKaloneabout650,000peoplesufferfromheartfailureeveryyear.Asthenumberofpeoplesufferingfromheartfailureincreasesintheworldingeneralthesefindingsareparticularlysignificant. 

Currenttreatmentsrelievethesymptoms.Thisnewstemcelltherapyactuallyrepairsthedamagedmuscleintheheartandhasthepotentialofcuringthedisease.

16. 

The20patientshadstemcellinjectionsinsteadofsurgery.

A. 

Right 

B. 

Wrong 

C. 

Notmentioned

17. 

Theexperimentprovedtobesatisfactory.

WrongC. 

18. 

Thecontrolgrouppatientsregrettednothavinghadstemcellinjections.

RightB. 

19. 

Thestudyactuallyprovedforthefirsttimethebenefitofstemcelltherapy.

20. 

Theejectionfractionrateofthepatientswithstemcellinjectionsdecreased.

WrongC.Notmentioned

21. 

HeartfailureismorecommonintheUKthananywhereelseintheworld.

22. 

Stemcelltherapyseemstohavegreatprospects.

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23~30题，每题l分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～7段名其中4段选择1个最佳标题；

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

AKillingPowerofAncientVolcanicEruptionsBlastsfromthePast

1Volcanoesweredestructiveinancienthistory.Notbecausetheywerebigger,butbecausethecarbondioxidetheyreleasedwipedoutlifewithgreaterease. 

2PaulWignallfromtheUniversityofLeedswasinvestigatingthelinkbetweenvolcaniceruptionsandmassextinctions.Notallvolcaniceruptionskilledofflargenumberofanimals,butallthemassextinctioncoverthepast300millionyearscoincidedwithhugeformationsofvolcanicrock.Tohissurprise,theolderthemassivevolcaniceruptionswere,themoredamagetheyseemedtodo. 

3Wignallcalculatedthe“killingefficiency”forthesevolcanoesbycomparingtheproportionoflifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeoflavathattheyproduced.Hefoundthatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswereatleast10timesaseffectiveatwipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals. 

4ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250millionyearsago,ismarkedbyfloodsofvolcanicrockinSiberiathatcoveranarearoughlythesizeofwesternEurope.Thosevolcanoesarethoughttohavepumpedoutabout10gigatonnesofcarbonascarbondioxide.Theglobalwarmingthatfollowedwipedout80percentofallmarinegeneraatthetime,andittook5millionyearsfortheplanettorecover. 

5Yet60millionyearsagointhelatePalacocene1therewasanotherhugeamountofvolcanicactivityandglobalwarmingbutnomassextinction.Someanimalsdiddisappearbutthingsreturnedtonormalwithintenthousandsofyears.“Themostrecentoneshardlyhaveaneffectatall,”Wignallsays.HeignoredtheextinctionwhichwipedoutthedinosaursattheendoftheCretaceous,265millionyearsago,becausemanyscientistsbelieveitwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofanasteroid. 

6WignallthinksthatoldervolcanoeshadmorekillingpowerbecausemorerecentlifeformswerebetteradaptedtodealingwithincreasedlevelsofCO2.oceanchemistrymayalsohaveplayedarole.Asthesupercontinentsbrokeupandexposedmorecoastlinetheremayhavebeenmoreweatheringofsilicarocks.Thiswouldhaveencouragedthegrowthofphytoplanktonintheoceans,increasingtheamountofCO2absorbedfromtheatmosphere. 

7VincentCourtillot,directoroftheParisGeophysicalInstituteinFrance,saysthatWignallsideaisprovocative.Buthesaysitisincrediblyhardtodothesesortsofcalculations.Hepointsoutthatthekillingpowerofvolcaniceruptionsdependsonhowlongtheylasted.Anditisimpossibletotellwhetherthehugeblastslastedforthousandsormillionsofyears. 

8Courtillotalsoaddsthatitisdifficulttoestimatehowmuchlavaprehistoricvolcanoesproduced,andthatlavavolumemaynotnecessarilycorrespondtocarbondioxideorsulphurdioxideemissions. 

23Paragraph2________ 

24Paragraph3________ 

25Paragraph4________ 

26Paragraph5_______ 

AKillingPowerofAncientVolcanicEruptions 

BAssociationofMassExtinctionswithVolcanic 

CCalculationoftheKillingPowerofOlderEruptions 

DAMassExtinction 

EVolcanicEruptionsThatCausedNoMassExtinction 

FAccountingfortheKillingPowerofOlderEruptions 

27Oldereruptionsweremoredevastating._______ 

28ThePermianextinctionisusedtoillustrate.________ 

29Thecauseoftheextinctionofdinosaurs._______ 

30Courtillorrejects.________ 

Athanmorerecentones 

Bthekillingefficiencyforoldereruptions 

Chasremainedcontroversial 

DWignallscalculationsasacceptable 

Ehasbeenknowntousall 

Fhisideas

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇ResearchersDiscoverWhyHumansBeganWalkingUpright

Mostofuswalkandcarryitemsinourhandseveryday.Theseareseeminglysimpleactivitiestllatthemajorityofusdon’tquestion.Butaninternationalteamofresearchers,includingDr.RichmondfromGW’sColumbianCollegeofArtsandSciences,havediscoveredthathumanwalkingupright,mayhaveoriginatedmillionsofyearsagoasartadaptationtocarryingscarce,high-qualityresources．TheteamofresearchersfromtheU.S.,England,JapanandPortugalinvestigatedthebehaviorofmodem.daychimpanzeesastheycompetedforfoodresources,inanefforttounderstandwhatecologicalsettingswouldleadalargeape～onethatresemblesthe6million-yearoldancestorwesharedincommonwithlivingchimpanzees-towalkontwolegs.

“Thesechimpanzeesprovideamodeloftheecologicalconditionsunderwhichourearliestancestorsmighthavebegunwalkingontwolegs,”saidDr.Richmond．

Theresearchfindingssuggestthatchimpanzeesswitchtomovingontwolimbsinsteadoffourinsituationswheretheyneedtomonopolizearesource.StandingontwolegsallowsthemtocalTymuchmoreatonetimebecauseitfleesuptheirhands．Overtime,intenseburstsofbipedalactivity4mayhaveledtoanatomicalchangesthatinturnbecamethesubjectofnaturalselectionwherecompetitionforfoodorotherresourceswasstrong.

TwostudieswereconductedbytheteaminGuinea．Thefirststu