高考英语语法专项突破训练专题22词类转换构词法Word下载.docx
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再由afewyearsago可知，要用一般过去时，故填disappeared。
注意：
解题时，既要根据句子结构需要确定词类，又要考虑句意连贯或逻辑通顺。
Hefailedhismathsexaminationbecauseofhis__________（care）work.
在名词前作定语，要用形容词；
由failed…可知，要填表示否定意义的“careless”（粗心大意的），意义才通顺。
考点归纳
在高考全国卷中出现的考纲词的派生词是不算生词的，也不用汉语注明，因此，掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要。
从近年全国卷的语法填空来看，词类转换考查了以下几点：
（1）形容词→副词。
如[真题再练]的第1、3、5、7四个小题。
（2）形容词→名词。
如[真题再练]的第2题。
（3）名词→形容词。
如[真题再练]的第4、6题。
但从10年来的全国高考卷来看，除了上述考点外，词类转换还考了：
（1）动词→名词：
choose→choice；
（2）动词→副词：
surprise→surprisingly等等。
现将主要考点归纳如下：
1.形容词与副词的转换
规律总结
请写出下列形容词的副词形式
1
一般直接加ly
quick→_______;
rude→_______;
wide→_______;
real→_______;
careful→_______
2
辅音字母+y→ily
easy→_______;
angry→_______;
happy→_______;
heavy→_______;
busy→_______
3
-ble→bly
possible→_______;
probable→_______;
terrible→_______;
noble→______;
comfortable→_______
4
（个别）去e加ly
true→_______;
whole→_______;
gentle→_______;
ample→_______;
simple→_______
5
以-ic结尾加ally
basic→_______;
classic→_______;
magic→_______;
optimistic→_______;
scientific→_______;
但public→_______
2.名词与形容词的转换
请写出下列名词的形容词形式或形容词的名词形式
+al
music→_______;
person→_______;
nation→_______;
centre→_______;
practice→____
-ture→tural
nature→_______;
culture→_______;
agriculture→_______;
architecture→______
-ics→ical
politics→_______;
physics→_______;
mathematics→_______;
statistics→_____
+ern
east→_______;
west→_______;
south→_______;
north→_______;
southwest→_______
+ible
access→_______;
horror→_______;
terror→_______
6
+ful
success→______;
power→______;
peace→______;
mercy→______;
beauty→______
7
+ish
fool→_______;
self→_______;
child→_______
8
+ous
danger→______;
anxiety→______;
ambition→______;
curiosity→_____;
humor→____
9
-ance→ant
importance→________;
significance→________;
distance→________
10
-ence→ent
absence→_________;
silence→_________;
difference→_________;
convenience→____
11
-ency→ent
fluency→________;
efficiency→________;
emergency→________;
urgency→_____
12
+ly
friend→_______day→_______;
time→_______;
man→_______;
mother→________
13
-ble→bility
able→_________;
responsible→_________;
possible→_________;
flexible→_________
14
+y;
去e,+y;
双写,+y
health→_______;
sleep→_______;
difficult→_______;
noise→_______;
sun→_______
15
adj.+ness→n.
weak→_________;
kind→_________;
ill→_________;
sad→_________;
happy→_____
16
adj.+th→n.
strong→_______;
long→_______;
warm→_______;
true→_________
17
-ate→acy
accurate→_________;
private→_________;
adequate→_________
18
其他各类
free→_______;
wise→_______;
cruel→_______;
safe→_______;
tire→_______;
trouble→_______;
history→_______;
science→_______;
brave→_______;
short→_____
3.动词与名词的转换
请写出下列动词的名词形式
+ation
expect→_________;
present→_________;
注意：
explain→_________
去e,+ation
invite→______;
educate→______;
examine→______;
prepare→_____;
pronounce→___
去e,+tion
produce→_________;
introduce→_________;
describe→_________
去e,+ion
devote→_________;
pollute→_________;
contribute→_________;
revise→_________
+ion
act→_______;
attract→_______;
protect→_______;
suggest→_______;
intend→_______
discuss→_________;
express→_________;
possess→_________;
impress→_________
去t/d/de,+sion
admit→______;
permit→______;
extend→______;
conclude→______;
divide→______
+ance;
去e,+ance
appear→_________;
perform→_________;
acquaint→_________;
guide→_________
+ence
exist→_______;
prefer→_______;
refer→_______;
differ→_______;
depend→_______
+ment
achieve→______;
agree→_____;
announce→_____;
develop→_____;
encourage→_____
去e,+al
arrive→_________;
approve→_________;
survive→_________;
refuse→_________
+ure
fail→_________;
press→_________;
depart→_________;
mix→_________
+y
recover→_________;
discover→_________
其他
choose→_______;
vary→_______;
tend→_______;
advise→_______;
apologize→____;
classify→_______;
grow→_______
4.动词与形容词的转换
请写出下列动词的形容词形式，或形容词的动词形式
+able
suit→_______;
admire→_______;
rely→_______;
comfort→_______;
reason→_______
doubt→_________;
harm→_________;
hope→_________;
care→_________;
use→____
+ive
act→_________;
attract→_________;
impress→_________;
create→_________
+ary
imagine→_________
adj.+en→v.
deep→_______;
less→_______;
worse→_________;
weak→_______
en+adj.→v.
large→_________;
rich→_________;
able→_________;
noble→_________
5.表示否定的前缀与后缀
请写出与下列单词意义相反或相否定的词语
dis+
advantage→_________;
agree→_________;
appear→_________;
cover→_________
il/im/in
legal→_________;
polite→_________;
patient→_________;
convenient→_________
mis+
understand→_________;
lead→_________;
direct→_________;
trust→_________
un+
able→_______;
fair→________;
fit→________;
fortunate→________;
usual→_____
+less
hope→_________;
end→_________;
stain→_________;
taste→_________;
use→_____
6.表示人的后缀
请写出下列表示人的名词
+er
sing→_______;
teach→_______;
strange→_______;
village→_______;
employ→_____
+or
invent→_______;
educate→_______;
visit→_______;
conduct→_______
+ee
employ→_________;
interview→_________;
pay→_________;
absent→_________
+ess
wait→_________;
host→_________;
steward→_________;
god→____
+ese
China→_________;
Japan→_________;
Burma（缅甸）→_________;
Vietnam→_______
+n
Asia→_______;
America→_______;
Australia→_______;
India→_______;
Korea→____
+ian
library→_______;
politics→___
+ist
art→_______;
novel→_______;
tour→_______;
cycle→_______;
science→_________
+ant
assist→_______;
account→_______;
consult→_______;
apply→_______;
serve→_____
+ar
lie→_________;
beg→_________
考点练透
一、单句填空在下列各句空白处填入所给词的正确形式。
1.Actually,I__________（agree）withyouoverthismatter.Ihavemyownview.
2.WhatI__________（like）mostaboutthismovieisthattherearetoomanyrudegestures.
3.Iwillnotmakefriendswitha__________（honest）person.
4.IamsorryI__________（understand）whatyousaid.
5.Itiswrongto__________（use）ournaturalresources.
6.Planshavebeenputforwardtopulldownand__________（build）thearea.
7.Thevillageisfarawayfromthecounty,andtheyfindit__________（convenient）ifbusesarenotavailable.
8.YouwillbefinedifyousmokeinpublicinHongKongbecauseitis__________（legal）todoso.
9.Hegot__________（patient）asthefirsthourpassedandthenanother.
10.Shefailedto__________（lock）thesafeinspiteofallherefforts,sosheaskedhimtohelpheropenit.
11.Itwasan__________（believable）momentwhenChriswonthegoldmedal.
12.Wemust__________（large）ourviewsbyreading.
13.Over300__________（compete）frommorethan80countriescompetedintheGames.
14.Sheisaverygreatdramatic__________（act）and__________（direct）.
15.Itisimportanttoknowyourown__________（strong）and__________（weak）.
16.Justastheoldsayinggoes,__________（honest）isthebestpolicy.
17.Hewastouchedbythe__________（warm）oftheirwelcome.
18.TheFrenchgovernmentcalledforanendtothe__________（violent）.
19.Successisnotfinaland__________（fail）isnotfatal.Itisthecouragetocontinuethatcounts.
20.Inagood__________（marry）,bothhusbandandwifeworkhardtosolveanyproblemsthatarise.
21.Thewomanplayerwillmakehersecondpublic__________（appear）thisSaturday.
22.Canyoutellmewhattherealreasonforyour__________（absent）was?
23.Hemadean__________（apologize）tousforhis____
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