职称英语综合类补全短文原文Word文档下载推荐.docx

职称英语综合类补全短文原文Word文档下载推荐.docx

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traveloperators,specialistsinthefieldofplanning,sponsorextensiveresearchprograms.theyhaveknowledgeofallareasandallcarrierservices,andtheyareexpertsinorganizingdifferenttypesoftoursandinpreparingeffectiveadvertisingcampaigns.theydistributematerialstoagencies,suchasjournals,brochuresandadvertisingprojects.theyofferfamiliarizationandworkshoptourssothatinashorttimeagentscanobtainfirst-handknowledgeofthetours.

touristcounselorsgivevaluableseminarstoacquaintagentswithnewprogramsandtechniquesinselling.inthiswayagentslearntoexplaindestinationsandtosuggestdifferentmodesandcombinationsoftravel-planes;

ships,trains,motorcoaches,car-rentals,andevencarpurchases.

propertiesandagenciesworkcloselytogethertomakethemostsuitablecontracts,consideringboththecomfortoftheclientsandtheirownprofitablefinancialarrangement.agenciesrelyuponthegoodservicesofhotels,and,conversely,hotelsrelyuponagencies,tofulfilltheircontractsandtosendthemclients.

thesameconfidenceexistsbetweenagenciesandcarriers,includingcar-rentalandsight-seeingservices.carriersaredependentuponagenciestosupplypassengers,andagenciesaredependentuponcarrierstopresentthemwithmarketabletours.allservicesmustworktogetherforgreaterefficiency,fairpricingandcontentedcustomers.

第三篇TheValueofTears

　　Tearscanruinmake-up,bringconversationtoastop,andgiveyouarunnynose.Theycanleaveyouembarrassedandwithoutenergy.However,cryingisafactoflife…andtearsareveryuseful.Evenwhenyou'

renotcrying,youreyesproducetears.Thesecreateafilmovertheeye'

ssurface.Thisfilmcontainsasubstancethatprotectsyoureyesagainstinfection.

　　Tearsrelievestress,butwetendtofightthemforallsortsofreasons."

Peopleworryaboutshowingtheiremotions.They’reafraidthatoncetheylosecontrol,they’llnevergetitback,”explainspsychologistDorothyRowe.Aschildrenweweresometimespunishedforsheddingtearsorexpressinganger.Asadultswestillfeartheconsequencesofshowingemotions.

　　Almostanyemotion 

— 

goodorbad,happyorsad 

cancausetears.Cryingisawaythatwereleasebuilt-upemotions.Tearshelpyouwhenyoufeelyouarereadytoexplodebecauseofverystrongfeelings.It 

may 

explain 

why 

people 

who 

are 

afraid 

to 

cry 

often 

suffer 

more 

heart 

attacks 

thanpeoplecrymorefreely.

　　Whensomepeoplebecomeverystressed,however,theycan’tcry.Theymaybefeelingshock,anger,fear,orgrief,buttheyrepresstheemotion.“Everyonehastheneedtocry,”sayspsychotherapistVeraDiamond.Sometimesintherapysessions,patientsparticipateincryingexercise.Theypracticecryingsothattheycangetusedtoexpressingemotion.Diamondsaysit’sbesttocryinsafe,privateplaces,likeunderthebedcoversorinthecar.That’sbecausemanypeoplegetuncomfortablewhenotherscryinfrontofthem.Infact,theymayberepressingtheirownneedtocry.

　　Incertainsituations,suchasatwork,tearsarenotappropriate.It’sgoodtoholdbacktearsduringatensebusinessdiscussion.“Butonceyouaresafelybehindcloseddoors,don'

tjustcry,”Diamondsays,shesuggeststhatyouactoutthewholesituationagainandbeasnoisyandangryasyoulike.Itwillhelpyoufeelbetter.“And,”sheadds,“onceyourtearshavereleasedthestress,youcanbegintothinkoflogicalwaytodealwiththeproblem.”

　　Tearsareasignofourabilitytofeel.Youshouldneverbeafraidtocry.

第四篇TheFirstFourMinutes

Whendopeopledecidewhetherornottheywanttobecomefriends?

Duringtheirfirstfour而nutestogether,accordingtoabookbyDr.LeonardZunin.Inhisbook,"

Contact:

Thefirstfourminutes"

heoffersthisadvicetoanyoneinterestedinstartingnew,friendships:

"

Everytimeyoumeetsomeoneinasocialsituation,givehim.yourundividedattentionforfourminutes.Alotofpeople'

swholeliveswouldchangeiftheydidjustthat."

Youmayhavenoticedthattheaveragepersondoesnotgivehisundividedattentiontosomeonehehasjustmet.Hekeepslookingovertheotherperson'

sshoulder,asifhopingtofmdsomeonemoreinterestinginanotherpartoftheroom.Ifanyonehaseverdonethistoyou,youprobablydidnotlikehimverymuch.

Whenweareintroducedtonewpeople,theauthorsuggests,weshouldtrytoappearfriendlyandself-confident.Ingeneral,hesays,"

Peoplelikepeoplewholikethemselves1."

Ontheotherhand,weshouldnotmaketheotherpersonthinkwearetoosureofourselves.Itisimportanttoappearinterestedandsympathetic,realizingthattheotherpersonhashisownneeds.fears,anahopes.

Hearingsuchadvice,onemightsay,"

ButI'

mnotafriendly,self-confidentperson.That'

snotmynature.Itwouldbedishonestformetoactthatway."

Inreply,Dr.Zuninwouldclaimthatalittlepracticecanhelpusfeelcomfortableaboutchangingoursocialhabits.Wecanbecomeaccustomedtoanychangeswechoosetomakeinourpersonality."

Itislikegettingusedtoanewcar.Itmaybeunfamiliaratfirst,butitgoesmuchbetterthantheoldone."

Butisn'

titdishonesttogivetheappearanceoffriendlyself-confidencewhen.wedon'

tactuallyfeelthatway?

Perhaps,butaccordingtoDr.Zunin,"

totalhonesty"

isnotalwaysgoodforsocialrelationships2,especiallyduringthefirst,fewminutesofcontact.Thereisatimeforeverything,andacertainamountofplay-actingmaybebestforthefirstfewminutesofcentactwithastranger3.Thatisnotthetimetocomplainaboutone'

shealthortomentionfaultsonefmdsinotherpeople.Itisnotthetimetotellthewholetruthaboutone'

sopinionsandimpressions.

Muchofwhathasbeensaidaboutstrangersalsoappliesto4rlationshipswithfamilymembersandfriends.Forahusbandandwifeoraparentandchild,problemsoftenariseduringtheirfirstfourminutes.togetheraftertheyhavebeenapart.Dr.Zuninsuggeststhatthesefirstfewminutestogetherbetreatedwithcare.Ifthereareunpleasantmatterstobediscussed,theyshouldbedealtwithlater.

Theauthorsaysthatinterpersonalrelationsshouldbetaughtasarequiredcourse4ineveryschool,alongwithreading,writing,andmathematics.Inhisopinion,successinlifedependsmai吻onhowwegetalongwithotherpeople.Thatisatleastasimportantashowmuchweknow.

第五篇FinancialRisks

Severaltypesoffinancialriskareencounteredininternationalmarketing；

themajorproblems

includecommercial,political,andforeignexchangerisk.

Commercialrisksarehandledessentiallyasnormalcreditrisksencounteredinday-to-daybusiness.Theyincludesolvency,default,orrefusaltopaybills.Themajor

risk,however,iscompetitionwhichcanonlybedealtwiththroughconsistentlyeffective

managementandmarketing. 

Oneuniqueriskencounteredbytheinternationalmarketerinvolvesfinancialadjustments.Suchriskisencounteredwhenacontroversy

arisesaboutthequalityofgoodsdelivered,adisputeovercontractterms,oranyotherdisagreementoverwhichpaymentiswithheld.Onecompany，forexample，shippedseveralhundredtonsofdehydratedpotatoestoadistributorinGermany. 

Thedistributortestedtheshipmentanddeclaredittobebelowacceptabletasteandtexturestandards. 

Thealternativesfortheexporterwerereducingtheprice,resellingthepotatoes,orshippingthemhomeagain,eachinvolvingconsiderablecost.

Politicalriskrelatesto2theproblemsofwarorrevolution,currencyinconvertibility3,

expropriationorexpulsion,andrestrictionorcancellationofimportlicenses. 

Politicalriskisanenvironmentalconcernforallbusinesses. 

Managementinformationsystemsand—effectivedecision-makingprocessesarethebestdefensesagainstpoliticalrisk.Asmanycompanieshavediscovered,sometimesthereisnowaytoavoidpoliticalrisk4，somarketersmustbepreparedtoassumethemorgiveupdoingbusinessinaparticularmarket.

Exchange-ratefluctuationsinevitablycauseproblems,butformanyyears，