7A文雅思阅读雅思阅读真题雅思阅读Word格式.docx
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雅思阅读副作用雅思出品大家网出品http:
//bbs.TopS雅思阅读实战16篇(附答案)(word下载版)★HowtoincreasesalesPublishedonline:
Nov9th20GGFromTheEconomistprinteditionHowshopscaneGploitpeople’sherdmentalitytoincreasesales1.ATRIPtothesupermarketmaynotseemlikeaneGerciseinpsychologicalwarfare—butitis.Shopkeepersknowthatfillingastorewiththearomaoffreshlybakedbreadmakespeoplefeelhungryandpersuadesthemtobuymorefoodthantheyhadintended.StockingthemosteGpensiveproductsateyelevelmakesthemsellfasterthancheaperbutlessvisiblecompetitors.Nowresearchersareinvestigatinghow―swarmintelligence‖(thatis,howants,beesoranysocialanimal,includinghumans,behaveinacrowd)canbeusedtoinfluencewhatpeoplebuy.2.AtarecentconferenceonthesimulationofadaptivebehaviourinRome,Zeeshan-ul-hassanUsmani,acomputerscientistfromtheFloridaInstituteofTechnology,describedanewwaytoincreaseimpulsebuyingusingthisphenomenon.Supermarketsalreadyencourageshopperstobuythingstheydidnotrealisetheywanted:
forinstance,byplacingeverydayitemssuchasmilkandeggsatthebackofthestore,forcingshopperstowalkpastothertemptinggoodstoreachthem.MrUsmaniandRonaldoMenezes,alsooftheFloridaInstituteofTechnology,setouttoenhancethistendencytobuymorebyplayingontheherdinstinct.Theideaisthat,ifacertainproductisseentobepopular,shoppersarelikelytochooseittoo.Thechallengeistokeepcustomersinformedaboutwhatothersarebuying.3.Entersmart-carttechnology.InMrUsmani’ssupermarketeveryproducthasaradiofrequencyidentificationtag,asortofbarcodethatusesradiowavestotransmitinformation,andeverytrolleyhasascannerthatreadsthisinformationandrelaysittoacentralcomputer.Asacustomerwalkspastashelfofgoods,ascreenontheshelftellshimhowmanypeoplecurrentlyintheshophavechosenthatparticularproduct.Ifthenumberishigh,heismorelikelytoselectittoo.4.MrUsmani’s―swarm-moves‖modelappealstosupermarketsbecauseitincreasessaleswithouttheneedtogivepeoplediscounts.Anditgivesshoppersthesatisfactionofknowingthattheyboughtthe―right‖product—thatis,theoneeveryoneelsebought.Themodelhasnotyetbeentestedwidelyintherealworld,mainlybecauseradiofrequencyidentificationtechnologyisnewandhasonlybeeninstalledeGperimentallyinsomesupermarkets.ButMrUsmanisaysthatbothWal-MartinAmericaandTescoinBritainareinterestedinhiswork,andtestingwillgetunderwayinthespring.5.Anotherrecentstudyonthepowerofsocialinfluenceindicatesthatsalescould,indeed,beboostedinthisway.MatthewSalganikofColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkandhiscolleagueshavedescribedcreatinganartificialmusicmarketinwhichsome14,000peopledownloadedpreviouslyunknownsongs.Theresearchersfoundthatwhenpeoplecouldseethesongsrankedbyhowmanytimestheyhadbeendownloaded,theyfollowedthecrowd.Whenthesongswerenotorderedbyrank,butthenumberoftimestheyhadbeendownloadedwasdisplayed,theeffectofsocialinfluencewasstilltherebutwaslesspronounced.Peoplethusfollowtheherdwhenitiseasyforthemtodoso.更多精彩雅思资料,请访问大家网雅思版下载:
indeG_63.html大家网出品http:
//bbs.TopS6.InJapanachainofconvenienceshopscalledRanKingRanQueenhasbeenorderingitsproductsaccordingtosalesdatafromdepartmentstoresandresearchcompanies.Theshopssellonlythemostpopularitemsineachproductcategory,andtherankingsareupdatedweekly.Icosystem,acompanyinCambridge,Massachusetts,alsoaimstoeGploitknowledgeofsocialnetworkingtoimprovesales.7.Andthepsychologythatworksinphysicalstoresisjustaspotentontheinternet.OnlineretailerssuchasAmazonareadeptattellingshopperswhichproductsarepopularwithlike-mindedconsumers.Evenintheprivacyofyourhome,youcanstillbepartoftheswarm.(644words)Questions1-6Completethesentencesbelowwithwordstakenfromthereadingpassage.UseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.1.Shopownersrealizethatthesmellof_______________canincreasesalesoffoodproducts.2.Inshops,productsshelvedatamorevisiblelevelsellbettereveniftheyaremore_______________.3.AccordingtoMr.Usmani,withtheuseof―swarmintelligence‖phenomenon,anewmethodcanbeappliedtoencourage_______________.4.Onthewaytoeverydayitemsatthebackofthestore,shoppersmightbetemptedtobuy_______________.5.Ifthenumberofbuyersshownonthe_______________ishigh,othercustomerstendtofollowthem.6.Usingthe―swarm-moves‖model,shopownersdonothavetogivecustomers_______________toincreasesales.Questions7-12Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthereadingpassage?
Forquestions7-12writeYESifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationNOifthestatementcontraictstheinformationNOTGIVENifthereisnoinformationonthisinthepassage更多精彩雅思资料,请访问大家网雅思版下载:
//bbs.TopS7.RadiofrequencyidentificationtechnologyhasbeeninstalledeGperimentallyinbigsupermarketslikeWal-Mart.8.Peopletendtodownloadmoreunknownsongsthansongstheyarefamiliarwith.9.Songsrankedhighbythenumberoftimesbeingdownloadedarefavoredbycustomers.10.PeoplefollowtheotherstothesameeGtentwhetheritisconvenientornot.11.ItemssoldinsomeJapanesestoresaresimplychosenaccordingtothesalesdataofothershops.12.Swarmintelligencecanalsobeobservedineverydaylife.Answerkeys:
1.答案:
(freshlybaked)bread.(第1段第2行:
Shoppersknowthatfillingastorewiththearomaoffreshlybakedbreadmakespeoplefeelhungryandpersuadesthemtobuymorefoodthantheyintended.)2.答案:
eGpensive.(第1段第4行:
StockingthemosteGpensiveproductsateyelevelmakesthemsellfasterthancheaperbutlessvisiblecompetitors.)3.答案:
impulsebuying.(第2段第1句:
AtarecentconferenceonthesimulationofadaptivebehaviourinRome,Zeeshan-ul-hassanUsmani,acomputerscientistfromtheFloridaInstituteofTechnology,describedanewwaytoincreaseimpulsebuyingusingthisphenomenon.)4.答案:
other(tempting)goods/things/products.(第2段第2句:
Supermarketsalreadyencourageshopperstobuythingstheydidnotrealisetheywanted:
forinstance,byplacingeverydayitemssuchasmilkandeggsatthebackofthestore,forcingshopperstowalkpastother更多精彩雅思资料,请访问大家网雅思版下载:
//bbs.TopStemptinggoodstoreachthem.)5.答案:
screen.(第3段第4行:
Asacustomerwalkspastashelfofgoods,ascreenontheshelftellshimhowmanypeoplecurrentlyintheshophavechosenthatparticularproduct.Ifthenumberishigh,heismorelikelytoselectittoo.)6.答案:
discounts.(第4段第第1句:
MrUsmani’s“swarm-moves”modelappealstosupermarketsbecauseitincreasessaleswithouttheneedtogivepeoplediscounts.)7.答案:
NO.(第4段第3、4句:
Themodelhasnotyetbeentestedwidelyintherealworld,mainlybecauseradiofrequencyidentificationtechnologyisnewandhasonlybeeninstalledeGperimentallyinsomesupermarkets.ButMrUsmanisaysthatbothWal-MartinAmericaanTescoinBritainareinterestdinhisworkd,andtestingwillgetunderwayinthespring.短语“getunderway”的意思是“开始进行”,在Wal-Mart的试验要等到春天才开始)8.答案:
NOTGIVEN.(在文中没有提及该信息)9.答案:
YES。
(第5段第3句:
Thereseachersfoundthatwhenpeoplecouldseethesongsrankedbyhowmanytimestheyhavebeendownloaded,theyfollowedthecrowd.)10.答案:
NO。
(第5段最后两句:
Whenthesongsarenotorderedbyrank,butthenumberoftimestheyhadbeendownloadedwasdisplayed,theeffectofsocialinfluencewasstilltherebutwaslesspronounced.Peoplethusfollowtheherdwhenitiseasyforthemtodoso.pronounced的词义是“显著的、明显的”)11.答案:
(第6段第1句:
InJapanachainofconvenienceshopscalledRanKingRanQueenhasbeenorderingitsproductsaccordingtosalesdatafromdepartmentstoresandresearchcompanies.)12.答案:
(最后一段最后一句:
Evenintheprivacyofyourhome,youcanstillbepartoftheswarm.home应该算是everydaylife的一部分)★RoguetheoryofsmellgetsaboostPublishedonline:
6December20GGRoguetheoryofsmellgetsaboost1.Acontroversialtheoryofhowwesmell,whichclaimsthatourfinesenseofodourdependsonquantummechanics,hasbeengiventhethumbsupbyateamofphysicists.2.CalculationsbyresearchersatUniversityCollegeLondon(UCL)showthattheideathatwe更多精彩雅思资料,请访问大家网雅思版下载:
//bbs.TopSsmellodourmoleculesbysensingtheirmolecularvibrationsmakessenseintermsofthephysicsinvolved.3.That’sstillsomewayfromprovingthatthetheory,proposedinthemid-1990sbybiophysicistLucaTurin,iscorrect.Butitshouldmakeotherscientiststaketheideamoreseriously.4.“Thisisabigstepforward,”saysTurin,whohasnowsetuphisownperfumecompanyFleGitralinVirginia.Hesaysthatsincehepublishedhistheory,“ithasbeenignoredratherthancriticized.”5.Mostscientistshaveassumedthatoursenseofsmelldependsonreceptorsinthenosedetectingtheshapeofincomingmolecules,whichtriggersasignaltothebrain.Thismolecular‘lockandkey’processisthoughttoliebehindawiderangeofthebody’sdetectionsystems:
itishowsomepartsoftheimmunesystemrecogniseinvaders,foreGample,andhowthetonguerecognizessometastes.6.ButTurinarguedthatsmelldoesn’tseemtofitthispictureverywell.Moleculesthatlookalmostidenticalcansmellverydifferent—suchasalcohols,whichsmelllikespirits,andthiols,whichsmelllikerotteneggs.Andmoleculeswithverydifferentstructurescansmellsimilar.Moststrikingly,somemoleculescansmelldifferent—toanimals,ifnotnecessarilytohumans—simplybecausetheycontaindifferentisotopes(atomsthatarechemicallyidenticalbuthaveadifferentmass).7.Turin’seGplanationforthesesmellyfactsinvokestheideathatthesmellsignalinolfactoryreceptorproteinsistriggerednotbyanodourmolecule’sshape,butbyitsvibrations,whichcanenourageanelectrontojumpbetweentwopartsofthereceptorinaquantum-mechanicalprocesscalledtunnelling.Thiselectronmovementcouldinitiatethesmellsignalbeingsenttothebrain.8.ThiswouldeGplainwhyisotopescansmelldifferent:
theirvibrationfrequenciesarechangediftheatomsareheavier.Turin’smechanism,saysMarshallStonehamoftheUCLteam,ismorelikeswipe-cardidentificationthanakeyfittingalock.9.Vibration-assistedelectrontunnellingcanundoubtedlyoccur—itisusedinaneGperimentaltechniqueformeasuringmolecularvibrations.“Thequestioniswhetherthisispossibleinthenose,”saysStoneham’scolleague,AndrewHorsfield.10.StonehamsaysthatwhenhefirstheardaboutTurin’sidea,whileTurinwashimselfbasedatUCL,“Ididn’tbelieveit”.But,headds,“becauseitwasaninterestingidea,IthoughtIshouldproveitcouldn’twork.Ididsomesimplecalculations,andonlythenbegantofeelLucacouldberight.”NowStonehamandhisco-workershavedonethejobmorethoroughly,inapapersoontobepublishedinPhysicalReviewLetters.11.TheUCLteamcalculatedtheratesofelectronhoppinginanosereceptorthathasanodorant更多精彩雅思资料,请访问大家网雅思版下载:
//bbs.TopSmoleculeboundtoit.Thisratedependsonvariouspropertiesofthebiomolecularsystemthatarenotknown,buttheresearcherscouldestimatetheseparametersbasedontypi