语法辅导之介词和连词Word格式文档下载.docx
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on表示毗邻,接壤
to表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤
Hearrived_____thestation.
Heissitting_____thedesk.
Hearrived_____Shanghaiyesterday.
Jiangsulies_____theeastofChina.
Russialies_____thenorthofChina.
Fujianis_____thesouthofJiangsuProvince.
2.表示时间的介词
1)in,on,at在……时
in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。
如inthe20thcentury,inthe1950s,in1989,insummer,inJanuary,inthemorning,inthenight,inone’slife,inone’sthirties等。
on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。
如onMay1st,onMonday,onNewYear’sDay,onacoldnightinJanuary,onafinemorning,onSundayafternoon等。
at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。
如at3:
20,atthistimeofyear,atthebeginningof,attheend
3.运动方向的介词:
across,through通过,穿过
across表示横过,即从物体表面通过,与on有关;
through穿过,即从物体内部穿过,与in有关。
Sheswam_____theriver.
Hewalked_____theforest.
4.表示“在……之间”的介词:
between,among
between指在两个人或两个事物之间;
among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。
Thereisafootballmatch________ClassOneandClassTwoontheplayground.
Theteacherisstandingamongthestudents.
5.表示其他意义的介词
1)on,about关于
on
表示这本书,这篇文章或演说是严肃的,或学术性的,可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读;
about表示内容较为普通,不那么正式。
Therewillbealecture________economicsthisafternoon.
Heiswritingabook________cooking.
Hetoldmealot________hislifeinthesummervocation.
2)by,with,in表示方法、手段、工具
by以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具;
with表示用…工具、手段,一般接具体的工具和手段;
in表示用…方式,用…语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等;
Hemakesaliving________sellingnewspapers.
Hebrokethewindow________astone.
Theforeignerspoketous________English.
3)except,besides除了
except除……之外,不包括在内;
besides除……之外,包括在内。
________Mr.Wang,wewenttoseethefilm.(王先生没去)
________Mr.Wang,wealsowenttoseethefilm.(王先生也去了)
连词
一.概念
连词是用来连接词,短语,从句或句子的词.连词不作成分.
1.表示并列关系的连词:
and,both…and…,notonly…butalso…和neither…nor…等
1)and:
和,并且
A:
基本用法:
“and”表示“和”、“并且”的意思,用来连接对等关系的字和字,片语和片语,句子和句子。
Ienjoybasketball,football________tabletennis.
Theweatherbecomescolder________colder.
B:
特别用法:
祁使句后连接and,有条件句作用,此时and=ifyou…,you’ll…
Gostraighton,________you’llseethelibrary.=ifyougostraighton,youwillseethelibrary.
2.表示转折关系的连词有:
but,however,yet,still,while等。
Marywasanicegirl,________shehadoneshortcoming.
Tomgotupearly,________hefailedtocatchthetrain.
Hewasverytired,________hekeptonwalking.
Yourcompositionisfairlygood,________,thereisstillsomeroomforimprovement.
Janeishardworking,________hersisterisquitelazy.
3.表示选择关系的并列连词有:
or,either…or…,whether…or…等。
1)or:
或、否则
A:
基本用法
or表示“或”的意思,使用于两者之中选择一个的时候。
----IsyourfriendEnglish________American?
----American.
Hedoesn’tlikedumplings________noodles.
5.引导时间状语从句的从属连词有:
before,after,when,while,as,till,until,since,assoonas等。
________theyhadplantedtheircrops,theytookarest.
Wehavelearnedsixlessons________hebegantoteachus.
________hegetstoBeijing,he’llcallme.
6.引导条件状语从句的从属连词有:
if(如果),unless(除非,如果……不)等。
________youdon’tgosoon,you’llbelate.=________yougosoon,you’llbelate.
7.引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because,as,since等。
because“因为”语气最强,回答why提问时只能用because,其引导的从句可放在句首或句末;
as“由于”、since“既然”语气不如because强,引导的从句常置于句首;
for是并列连词,语气最弱,对前面分句加以解释或补充说明,其引导的分句常置于句末且用逗号隔开。
Hedidn’tgotoschool________hewasill.
Asitwasraining,wewenttherebybus.
11.引导比较状语从句的从属连词有:
as…as…(与……一样),notas/so…as…(不及,赶不上),和than(比)等。
Iknowyoubetter________shedoes.
Heworks________carefully________she.
Ican’trun________fastasyou.
12.引导名词性从句的从属连词有:
that和if/whether(是否)等。
Weknow________theearthgoesaroundthesun.(宾语从句)
Iwonder________hehasreceivedmye-mail.(宾语从句)
_______he’llgotherehasn’tbeendecided.(主语从句)
注意:
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,如果主句是将来时,从句要用一般现在时。
I’llgoonwiththework________Icomebacktomorrow.
Hewon’tcome________heisn‵tinvited.
三.即学即练
10、IfTomMikeasksfortheircar,tellhimtocometomorrow.
A.orB.andC.withD.but
11、Itwasalreadyteno’clockwegottothemuseumthismorning.
A.thatB.whenC.ifD.for
12、It’salongtimewemetlast.
A.soB.afterC.sinceD.before
13、Thatmathsproblemisdifficultnobodycandoit.
A.too…toB.very…thatC.so…thatD.very…but
14、I’llgiveherthemessageshecomesback.
A.sinceB.before
C.untilD.assoonas
C.forD.when
2014高考相关题型选练:
短文改错;
7。
介词的用法
(2014大纲卷)Themorefriendswehave,themorewecanlearnforoneanother,
介词:
we’rehopingtosettlesomethingthatbotherstous.(2014辽宁卷)
andshottheirarrowsonthebird.(2014陕西卷)
Today,Iamgoingtotalkwithwhatyoushoulddowhenafirealarmgooff.(2014四川卷)
Ifyouhearthealarm,standinlineatthedoorandwaityourteachertoleadyououtside.(2014四川卷)
andwiththehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden,(2014新课标I)
Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter-schoolactivities.(2014新课标II)
orsatbythelakelisteningmusic.(2014新课标II)
介词误用:
Ifwecouldshowconcerntoothersonneed,theworldwouldbeabetterplacetolivein.(2014浙江卷)
Theneveryoneinthecarriagebegansearchingtheticket,whichwaseventuallyfoundunderaseatseveralrowsfromhisowner.(2014浙江卷)
8。
(2014大纲卷)Themorefriendswehave,themorewecanlearnforoneanother,butthemorepleasurewecansharetogether.
连词:
ThatdayIdidn’tlearnmuchaboutanimals,insectsortrees,butIlearntaimpressivelessonaboutgravity!
(2014陕西卷)
Ifyounoticethatwhensomeoneismissingandhurt,tellyourteacherimmediately.(2014四川卷)
Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblem.(2014新课标I)
Apassengerrealizedhecouldn’tfindhisticketbutbecamequiteupset.(2014浙江卷)
单选:
一(2014安徽卷)25.Themeaningoftheword"
nice'
changedafewtimesitfinallycametoincludethesense"
pleasant."
A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.while【答案】A
【举一反三】Youcan’tborrowbooksfromtheschoollibrary______yougetyourstudentcard.
A.beforeB.ifC.whileD.as〖答案〗A
二(2014安徽卷)31.Whatweexpectfromyouisworkinghardhardlyworking.
A.lessthanB.ratherthanC.aswellasD.asmuchas【答案】B
三(2014北京卷)21.Someanimalscarryseedsfromoneplacetoanother,______plantscanspreadtonewplaces.
A.soB.orC.forD.but【答案】A
【举一反三】—Someonewantsyouonthephone.
—_____nobodyknowsIamhere.
A.AlthoughB.AndC.ButD.So【答案】C
四(2014北京卷)23.Janeisinahurrybecausethetraintotheairportleaves_______halfanhour.
A.byB.inC.forD.until【答案】B
五(2014北京卷)29._______theforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.
A.AsB.WhenC.EventhoughD.Incase【答案】C
六(2014大纲卷)29.September30istheday______whichyoumustpayyourbill.
A.byB.forC.withD.in【答案】A
七(2014福建卷)22.Ourclubisopentoeveryone____age,sexoreducationalbackground.
A.duetoB.exceptforC.alongwithD.regardlessof【答案】D
八(2014湖北卷)30.Checkcarrots,potatoes,onionsandanyothervegetables______andimmediatelyuseorthrowawayanywhichshowsignsofrotting.
A.indemandB.instoreC.onloanD.onsale【答案】B
【举一反三】WhenshefirstarrivedinChina,shewonderedwhatthefuturemighthaveforher,butnowallherworriesaregone.
A.inneedB.intimeC.inpreparationD.instore〖答案〗D
九(2014湖南卷)26.Youwillnevergainsuccessyouarefullydevotedtoyourwork.
A.whenB.becauseC.afterD.unless【答案】D
【举一反三】ItishardfortheGreekgovernmenttogetoverthepresentdifficulties_________getsmorefinancialsupportfromtheEuropeanUnion.
A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.since【答案】B
十(2014江苏卷)21.Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,historycannotbechanged.
A.thoughB.asC.sinceD.unless【答案】A
【举一反三】Itwasanicemeal,_______alittleexpensive.
A.thoughB.whetherC.asD.since【答案】A
十一(2014江苏卷)24.Tomalwaysgoesjogginginthemorningandheusuallydoespush-upstootostay____.
A.inplaceB.inorderC.inshapeD.infashion【答案】C
十二(2014江西卷)25.Startingyourownbusinesscouldbeawaytoachievingfinancialindependence.___,itcouldjustputyouindebt.
A.InotherwordsB.AllinallC.AsaresultD.Ontheotherhand【答案】D
【举一反三】Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore,butIenjoytheworkI’mdoingatthemoment.A.inotherwordsB.ontheotherhand
C.foronethingD.asamatteroffact〖答案〗B
十三(2014江西卷)33.ItisunbelievablethatMr.Lucasleadsasimplelife__hisgreatwealth.
A.withoutB.despiteC.inD.to【答案】B
十四(2014江西卷)35.Itwasthemiddleofthenight__myfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.
A.thatB.asC.whichD.when【答案】D
十五(2014山东卷)2.Idon’treallyliketheauthor,_______Ihavetoadmithisbooksareveryexciting.
A.althoughB.unlessC.untilD.once【答案】A
【举一反三】Idon'
tbelievewe'
vemetbefore,Imustsayyoudolookfamiliar.
A.thereforeB.although
C.sinceD.unless【答案】B
十六(2014陕西卷)14.TheScottishgirl________blueeyeswonthefirstprizeintheFifthChineseSpeechContest.
A.byB.ofC.inD.with【答案】D
十七(2014陕西卷)24.Theyoungcouple,whoreturnedmylostwallet,left_______Icouldaskfortheirnames.
A.whileB.beforeC.afterD.since【答案】B
十八(2014四川卷)8.I'
llbeoutforsometime.______anythingimportanthappens,callmeupimmediately.
A.IncaseB.AsifC.EventhoughD.Nowthat【答案】A
十九(2014天津卷)4._______yousta