语法和练习Word下载.docx

上传人:b****5 文档编号:18933124 上传时间:2023-01-02 格式:DOCX 页数:44 大小:54.22KB
下载 相关 举报
语法和练习Word下载.docx_第1页
第1页 / 共44页
语法和练习Word下载.docx_第2页
第2页 / 共44页
语法和练习Word下载.docx_第3页
第3页 / 共44页
语法和练习Word下载.docx_第4页
第4页 / 共44页
语法和练习Word下载.docx_第5页
第5页 / 共44页
点击查看更多>>
下载资源
资源描述

语法和练习Word下载.docx

《语法和练习Word下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《语法和练习Word下载.docx(44页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。

语法和练习Word下载.docx

有些名词的复数构成是不规则的,如:

child-children,foot-feet。

goose-geese,mouse-mice,man-men,ox-oxen,tooth-teeth,woman-women等。

例如:

1.Everyfallgeesef1yoverthehouse.

2.Thedentisttoldhimthatseveralteethofhisneedtobefilled.

3.Mrs.Smithhasthreechildren,andTonnyistheyoungestone.

4.Ithinkwe'

vegotmiceinthekitchen.

有些名词的单复数形式是一样的,如:

Chinese,Japanese,Burmese(缅甸),Spanish(西班牙),Lebanese(黎巴嫩),Portuguese(葡萄牙),Swiss(瑞士).sheep,deer,swine(猪),fish,carp(鲤鱼),salmon(鲑),means,series,species,aircraft,spacecraft等。

1.Thebestfisharenearthebottom.

2.WhentheygottotheNewWorld,SpanishconstructedtheirhouseswithMoorisharchitecturalfeatures.

3.Isawawhitesheeprunningdowntheroad.

4.Judgingbyhislanguage,hemustbeaJapanese.

在表示一类事物时,介词of后的名词要用复数形式。

1.Beethovenisofthegreatestmusiciansintheworld.

2.TheAnimalArtFestivalisbeingheldatShanghaizoo,whichisoneofthemostwelcomefestivalsinthecity.

3.Asoneofthecountriesthatbearresponsibilityfortheincident,GermanChancellorSchroederholdsthattheorganizationshouldapologizetoChinesegovernmentunconditionally.

4.SheisoneofthethreemartyrswhowerekilledinNATO'

sbombingontheChineseEmbassyinYugoslavia.

大多数集体名词可作单数,也可作复数,如:

army,audience,class,committee,crew(全体船员,乘务员),crowd,faculty,family,governmentgrouporchestra,public,team,union等。

但有些虽然是单数形式,却用作复数,如:

cattle(牡畜)mankind(人类),militia(民兵),people,police,poultry(家畜),staff(全体职员)等。

1.ThepresidentsaidtheChineseGowrnmentispayingcloseattentiontodevelopmentsinthismatter,andcontinuestoreservetherighttotakefutureaction.

2.Thecattle,weregrazingonthemeadownearthefarm.

3.Theaudiencewereamusedbyhishumorousstories.

4.Myfamilyisfarawayfromtheschool.

有些名词只有复数形式,而且也只用作复数,如:

clothes,glasses,spectacles,pants,arms(武器),belongings(所有物),customs(海关),goods(货物),suburbs(郊区),papers(文件)等;

而有些名词形式为复数,却用作单数,如:

electronics(电子学),mathematics(数学),optics(光学),politics,statistics(统计学)等。

1.Theshortshewearsaremadeofleather.

2.Linguisticsisadifficultsubjecttostudy.

3.Heusedtostudyelectronicswhichisn’thisfavoritesuject.

4.Ilovetoliveinthesuburbsthatareconclusive.

有些名词一般情况下以单数形式出现,表示总体。

但如果表示若干、多次或几种时,则要用其复数。

这类词有:

hair,fruit,pollution,rain,difficulty,success,wind,failure,favour等。

1.ThebarberhadbeencuttinghumanhairfortwoyearsbeforehecametoLosAngeles.

2.Motherboughtoranges,bananasandotherfruits.

3.Thesecavescollapseeasilyinheavyrains,andgreatwinds.

4.He’shavingfinancialdifficulties.

有些名词一般只有单数形式,它们通常是表示物质和抽象概念的不可数名词,像:

advice,baggage,bread,corn,clothing,equipment,education,fun,furniture,food,fruit,garbage,grass,happiness,homework,housework,humanity,information,knowledge,landscape,1aughter,machinery,mankind,merchandise,money,music,nonsense,nature,

population,progress,scenery,smoke,sweat,strength,traffic,thunder,ink,jewellery,damage,mail,work,soap,sugar,gold,chalk,cloth,anger,applause,cake,chocolate,poverty等。

1.Imustseektheadviceofaspecialistinthematterofthetransferofpropertyrights.

2.Headacheisthemostcommondiseaseofhuman.

3.Ireallygetalotoffunfromreadinginleisuretime.

4.ThepopulationofShanghaiisverybig.

有些名词单复数的含义不同,使用时要根据上下文的意思进行选择。

这类词包括:

communication(通讯)—communications(通讯系统,通讯工具),cloth(布)--clothes(衣服),content(内容)--contents(目录),convenience(便利)--conveniences(便利设备),humanity(人类)--humanities(人文科学),necessity(需要)-necessities(必需品),wood(木材)-woods(树林),pain(疼痛)—pains(辛劳),ruin(毁灭)-ruins(废墟,遗迹),sand(沙子)--sands(沙滩),work(工作)--works(工厂,著作)等。

1.“Hometown”isoneofLuXun’smostfamousworks.

2.Theinsurancecompanypaid$98,700indamagesfortheaccident.

3.Mychildenjoysplayingonthesands.

4.Nopains,nogains.

有些名词只有复数形式。

如:

fundamentals(基本原则),goods(货物),means(方法),shorts(短裤),sweets(欢乐),valuables(贵重物品)等。

1.Thefundamentalsaremadetoguaranteethesocialstability

2.Don’ttakeanyvaluablesthereforthesakeofsafety.

3.Thegoodswerepurchasedfromhimaren’texpensive.

4.Ithinkourproblemcanbesolvedbymeansofnegotiation.

名词做定语时,不能用作复数。

1.Pleasecheckyourexaminationpapercarefullyafterfinishing。

2.TheChina'

sCentralTelevisionStationsuppliesweatherreporteveryday,

3.You'

dbetterinformmyfamilymembersbeforeleavingforBeijing.

4.TheUnitedStatesandGermanyaretwomemberstatesofNATO.

复合名词的复数只把其中所包含的主体名词变成复数。

looker(s)--on,runner(s)-up,son(s)-in-law,editor(s)-in-chief,passer(s)-by,grand-child(ren),armyman(armymen),room-number(s),shoelace(s),dinnerplate(s),bloodtype(s)等。

如果没有主体名词,就在最后一个词上加复数词尾。

go-between(s),drawback(s)等。

注意以man,woman构成的复合名词,全部变成复数。

man-servant—men-servants,woman-soldier—women-soldiers。

1.Wouldyoubringmesomedinnerplates?

2.Wehadawonderfultalkwithsomewomen-soldiers.

3.Don’tregardyourselvesaspassers-byundersuchcircumstances.

4.Weareofdifferentbloodtypes.

名词的所有格一般在词尾加’s,已有复数词尾-s的,只加’。

1.Wemustworkhardtofulfilthecountry’splans.

2.Theschooliswithinastone’sthrow.

3.Nearbyareherrelatives’houses.

4.CouldyoutellmetheSmiths’saddres?

名词所有格有时还可以和of构成短语,有以下两种情况:

1)它所修饰的词前面有一个表示数量的词,如:

a,two,several,some,any,no,few等。

2)它所修饰的词前面有+个指示代词,使句子表示某种情绪。

1.SeveralstudentsofLaoYang’sactedintheplay.

2.WesawaplayGuoMoro'

s.

3.Atbirth,theheadofababyisextremelylargeinrelationtotherestofthebody。

4.IhavesomerecordsofNaYing'

2.代词的用法

1)人称代词有主格人称代词,在句中充当主语:

I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they和宾格人称代词,在句中充当宾语:

me,you,him,her,it,us,you;

them。

1.Wehaven'

tseeneachotherforalongtimesincehewentabroad.

2.Letyouandmehaveanappointmentforthenextweekend.

3.Haveyougotanyideaaboutthisissue?

4.Telluswhateveryou'

veheard.

2)物主代词可在句中作定语,有指人的:

my,our,your,his,her和their;

有指物的:

it,his或her(指国家或轮船)。

名词性物主代词作表语、主语、宾语,与of连用可作定语:

yours,ours,theirs,mine,her,his,its。

1.Tonnyisanoldfriendofmine.

2.Mydormitoryisnexttoyours,andMary'

sisonthethirdfloor.

3.Titanicsankwithherseveralthousandpassengers.

4.Nexttimeit'

sonmytreat.

3)反身代词亦称自身代词,可作宾语、表语,作主语或宾语的同位语,还与某些动词连用,与介词连用构成成语。

有:

myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves。

1.Thesechildrenaretooyoungtotakecareofthemselves.

2.Don'

tworry,hewillbehimselfagainsoon.

3.AlthoughUncleGeorgeisabad-temperedman,Ithinkheisakindmaninhimself.

4.Youshouldberesponsibleforyourself.

4)相互代词表示相互关系,有:

eachother(两者之间)和oneanother(多者之间)。

1.ImetMissScottthismorning,andwegreetedeachother.

2.Weshouldlearnfromoneanotherandmakeprogresstogether,

5)指示代词在句中充当主语、宾语和定语,有:

this,that,these,those。

Such也是指示代词,可作定语、主语和表语,修饰可数名词时要与a连用。

1.NowadaysTVprogramsaremuchmorecolorfulthanthoseOfthepast.

2.Themoneyspentonentertainment,accordingtosomeauthorities,hasexceededthatspentonpublichealth.

3.Iwanttoknowthis:

areyoutalkingabouttheaccidentIencounteredyesterday?

4.Hisfutureiscloselyboundwiththatofthecompany。

5.Youshouldn'

ttrustonsuchapersonwhoneverkeepshispromise.

6)疑问代词有who,whom,whose,whatwhich。

who可作主语和表语;

whom作宾语,whose,what,which可作主语、表语、宾语和定语,其中作主语时,要看所代表的人或物是单数还是复数,如果不清楚,则动词一般用单数。

1.Whowillseetothismatter?

2.Whomhaveyouchosentoberesponsibleforthework?

3.Itishardtodecidewhoseisbetter.

4.What’sonyourschedule?

5.Whichuniversitydidheenteratlast?

7)关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which。

which代表事物,that代表人或物;

在非限制性定语从句中,不能用that,而用who(m)代表人,用which代表物,或代表主句所说的全部内容。

在带有a11,something,nothing,anything,much等的句子中不能用which,而用that。

1.Ourfootballteamwasdefeatedagain,whichshowsourplayersneedmuchmoreeffort.

2.Thefactorynowhasover1,000workers,halfofwhomarewomen.

3.Hepromisedtotellusallthatheknew.

4.Whoseturntomakepresentationisbcyondme.

8)连接代词有:

what,who,whonl,whose,which,用来连接主语从句、宾语从句和表浯从句。

Whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever为复合代词。

1.Ididn'

tknowwhattodoatthatverymoment.

2.ThegovernmentsellpublichousestowhoeverprovidesenoughamountOfmoney.

3.WhomeverIworryaboutisnoneofyourbusiness.

4.Takewhicheveryoulike,please.

 

初中英语语法总结(三)——代词

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

发表日期:

2009年7月8日【编辑录入:

郭华】

【代词】

人称代词,物主代词,反身代词

类别

主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称单数Imemyminemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves

第三人称单数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves

1.人称代词

人称代词it的特殊用法:

一般it指“它”,但在表示天气、时间、距离等时,用it来代替,此时的it并不译为“它”。

当三个人称代词(单数)同时出现时,其先后顺序为you,he,I。

而复数一般采用we,you,they顺序。

2.物主代词

物主代词的用法:

形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词。

名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。

3.反身代词

1)反身代词的构成分两种:

第一、二人称反身代词在形容词:

性物主代词后加上self或selves,第三人称的反身代词在宾格代词后加上self或selves.

2)反身代词的用法:

一种是作宾语,由主语发出的动作又回到动作者本身。

Ienjoyedmyselfattheparty.另一种是作名词或代词的同位语;

用来加强语气。

Icandoitmyself.

3)初中阶段由反身代词构成的常用词组有:

enjoyoneself,helponeselfto,learnbyoneself,teachoneself,(all)byoneself,leave...byoneself,loseoneselfin等,在运用反身代词时,应注意它在数、性别上与哪一个保持一致。

试比较:

“Helpyourselvestosomefish,TomandMike.”与Ican’tleavethegirlbyherself.

指示代词

指示代词的特殊用法:

(1)为了避免重复,

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > PPT模板 > 节日庆典

copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有

经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1