广外翻硕模拟题Word文件下载.docx
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3.Inarguingagainstassertionsthatenvironmentalcatastropheisimminent,herbookdoesnotridiculeallpredictionsofdoombutratherclaimsthattherisksofharmhaveinmanycasesbeen_________.
A.exaggeratedB.ignoredC.scrutinizedD.derided
4.Thereseemstobeno________thereadingpublic’sthirstforbooksaboutthe1960’s:
indeed,thenormallevelofinteresthas______recentlybecauseofaspateofpopulartelevisiondocumentaries.
A.quenching…moderatedB.whetting…mushroomed
C.slaking…increasedD.ignoring…transformed
5.Despiteatendencytobeovertly_______,thepoetryoftheMiddleAgesoftensparkstheimaginationandprovideslivelyentertainment,aswellaspioussentiments.
A.divertingB.emotionalC.didacticD.romantic
6.Oneofthefirst______ofreducedburninginAmazonrainforestswasthechestnutindustry:
smoketendstodriveouttheinsectthat,bypollinatingchestnuttree,allowchestnutstodevelop.
A.reformersB.discoveriesC.casualtiesD.beneficiaries
7.Theresearchcommitteeurgedthearchaeologistto_______herclaimthatthetombshehasdiscoveredwasthatofAlexandertheGreat,sinceherinitialreporthasbeenbasedonlyon______.
A.disseminate…suppositionB.withdraw…evidence
C.undercut…capriceD.document…conjecture
8.AlthoughHeroniswellknownforthebroadcomedyinthemoviesshehasdirectedpreviously,hernewfilmislessinclinedto__________:
thegagsarefewerandsubtler.
A.understatementB.preciosityC.symbolismD.melodrama
9.Bebop’slegacyis______one:
bebopmayhavewonjazztherighttobetakenseriouslyasanartform,butit_______jazz’smassaudience,whichturnedtootherformsofmusicsuchasrockandpop.
A.amixed……alienatedB.atroubled……seduced
C.anambiguous……aggrandizedD.avaluable……refined
10.Theexhibition’simportanceliesinits___________:
curatorshavegatheredadiversearrayofsignificantworksfrommanydifferentmuseums.
A.homogeneityB.sophistryC.scopeD.farsightedness
11.Despitethefactthatthecommission’sreporttreatsavitallyimportanttopic,thereportwillbe______readbecauseitsproseisso_________thatunderstandingitrequiresanenormouseffort.
A.seldom…….transparentB.carefully……..pellucid
C.little……….turgidD.eagerly……..digressive
12.Carletonwouldstillrankamongthegreat________ofnineteenthcenturyAmericanartevenifthecircumstanceofherlifeandcareerwereless_____thantheyare.
A.celebrities……….obscureB.failures……..illustrious
C.charlatans……impeccableD.enigmas……mysterious
13.Althoughbasedonanactualevent,thefilmlacks______________:
thedirectorshufflesevents,simplifiesthetangleofrelationships,and_____________documentarytruthfordramaticpower.
A.conviction……..embracesB.expressiveness…..exaggerates
C.verisimilitude…….sacrificesD.realism……….substitutes
14.WhenAdolphOchsbecamethepublisherofTheNewYorkTimes,heendowedthepaperwithauniquely_________tone,avoidingthe________editorialsthatcharacterizedothermajorpapersofthetime.
A.abstruse….scholarlyB.dispassionate…shrill
C.argumentative…tendentiousD.cosmopolitan…timely
15.Thereareasgoodfishinthesea_____evercameoutofit.
A.thanB.likeC.asD.so
16.AllthePresident’sMen______oneoftheimportantbooksforhistorianswhostudytheWatergateScandal.
A.remainB.remainsC.remainedD.isremaining
17.“You______borrowmynotesprovidedyoutakecareofthem”,Itoldmyfriend.
A.couldB.shouldC.mustD.can
18.Ifonlythepatient______adifferenttreatmentinsteadofusingtheantibiotics,hemightstillbealivenow.
A.hadreceivedB.receivedC.shouldreceiveD.werereceiving
19.Lindawas_____theexperimentamonthago,butshechangedhermindatthelastminute.
A.tostartB.tohavestarted
C.tobestartingD.tohavebeenstarting
20.She_____fiftyorsowhenIfirstmetherattheconference.
A.mustbeB.hadbeenC.couldbeD.musthavebeen
21.Itisnot______muchthelanguageasthebackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.
A.thatB.asC.soD.very
22.Thecommitteehasanticipatedtheproblemsthat________intheroadconstructionproject.
A.ariseB.willariseC.aroseD.havearisen
23.Thestudentsaidtherewereafewpointsintheessayhe_______impossibletocomprehend.
A.hadfoundB.findsC.hasfoundD.wouldfind
24.Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe_______toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.
A.hadhadB.hasC.hadD.wouldhave
25.Theresearchrequiresmoremoneythan________.
A.havebeenputinB.hasbeenputin
C.beingputinD.tobeputin
26.Overpopulationposesaterriblethreattothehumanrace.Yetitisprobably________athreattothehumanracethanenvironmentaldestruction.
A.nomoreB.notmoreC.evenmoreD.muchmore
27.Itisnotuncommonforthere_______problemsofcommunicationbetweentheoldandtheyoung.
A.beingB.wouldbeC.beD.tobe
28.________atinhisway,thesituationdoesnotseemsodesperate.
A.LookingB.LookedC.BeinglookedD.Tolook
29.ItisabsolutelyessentialthatWilliam______hisstudyinspiteofsomelearningdifficulties.
A.willcontinueB.continuedC.continueD.continues
30.Thepaintingheboughtatthestreetmarkettheotherdaywasa_____forgery.
A.man-madeB.naturalC.crudeD.real
PartII.ReadingComprehension(40points)
Section1Multiplechoicequestions(20points,2pointsforeach)
Passage1
OnNewYear’sDay,50,000inmatesinKenyanjailswentwithoutlunch.Thiswasnotsomemasshungerstriketohighlightpoorlivingconditions.Itwasanextraordinaryhumanitariangesture:
themoneythatwouldhavebeenspentontheirluncheswenttothecharityFoodAidtohelpfeedanestimated3.5millionKenyanswho,becauseofaseveredrought,arethreatenedwithstarvation.ThedroughtisbignewsinAfrica,affectinghugeareasofeastAfricaandtheHorn.Ifyouarereadingthisinthewest,however,youmaynotbeawareofit—themediaisnotinterestedinoldstories.Evenifyoudoknowaboutthedrought,youmaynotbeawarethatitisdevastatingonegroupofpeopledisproportionately:
thepastoralists.Thereare20millionnomadicorsemi-nomadicherdersinthisregion,andtheyarefastbecomingsomeofthepoorestpeopleinthecontinent.TheirplightencapsulatesAfrica’sperennialproblemwithdroughtandfamine.
Howso?
Itcomesdowntothereluctanceofgovernments,aidagenciesandforeignlenderstosupporttheherders’traditionalwayoflife.Insteadtheyhavetendedtotrytoturnthemintocommercialranchersoragriculturalists,eventhoughithasbeendemonstratedtimeandagainthatpastoralistsarewelladaptedtotheirharshenvironments,andthatmovinglivestockaccordingtotheseasonsorclimaticchangesmakestheirmethodsfarmoreviablethanagricultureinsub-Saharandrylands.
Furthermore,Africanpastoralistsystemsareoftenmoreproductive,intermsofproteinandcashperhectare,thanAustralian,AmericanandotherAfricanranchesinsimilarclimaticconditions.Theymakeasubstantialcontributiontotheircountries’nationaleconomies.InKenya,forexample,theturnoverofthepastoralistsectorisworth$800millionperyear.IncountriessuchasBurkinaFaso,EritreaandEthiopia,hidesfrompastoralists’herdsmakeupover10percentofexportearnings.Despitethisproductivity,pastoralistsstillstarveandtheiranimalsperishwhendroughthits.Onereasonisthatonlyatrickleoftheprofitsgoestotheherdersthemselves;
thelion’sshareispocketedbytraders.Thisispartlybecausetheherdersonlysellmuchoftheirstockduringtimesofdroughtandfamine,whentheyneedthecashtobuyfood,andthetermsoftradeinthissituationneverworkintheirfavour.Anotherreasonisthelackofinvestmentinherdingareas.
FundingbodiessuchastheWorldBankand-USAIDtriedtoaddresssomeoftheproblemsinthe1960s,investingmillionsofdollarsincommercialbeefanddairyproduction.Itdidn’twork.Firstly,noonebotheredtoconsultthepastoralistsaboutwhattheywanted.Secondly,rearinglivestocktookprecedenceoverhumanprogress.Thepoliciesandstrategiesofinternationaldevelopmentagenciesmoreorlessmirroredthethinkingoftheircolonialpredecessors.Theywerebasedontwofalseassumptions:
thatpastoralismisprimitiveandinefficient,whichledtonumerousfailedschemesaimedatconvertingherderstomodernranchingmodels;
andthatAfrica’sdrylandscansupportcommercialranching.Theycannot.MostofAfrica’sherdersliveinareaswithunpredictableweathersystemsthataretotallyunsuitedtocommercialranching.
Whatthepastoralistsneedissupportfortheirtraditionallifestyle.Overthepastfewyears,fundersandpolicy-makershavebeenstartingtogetthemessage.Oneexampleisinterventionbygovernmentstoensurethatpastoralistsg