七年级英语下册 情态动词拔高课讲义 新版人教新目标版Word文件下载.docx
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Canyouplaytheguitar?
含有情态动词的句子,变否定句时直接在后加
not;
变为一般疑问句时,把提到句首。
Hecanstayfordinnertonight.(变为一般疑问句)
Imaygotothecountrysidenextmonth.(变为否定句)
Myfriendcanjointhemusicclub.(就划线部分提问)
WemustarriveinHenantomorrow.(就划线部分提问)
三、情态动词总结
can
1.能够,会
MysistercanspeakEnglishquitewell.ButIcan’tspeakEnglishatall.
can可以用来描述某人具有某种。
2.可以
Youcangohomenow.
Youcantakethisbookawayifyoulikeit.
can可以用来表示一种_。
3.可以……吗?
Canyoupassmespieceofpaper?
CanIstayatmyfriend’shometonight?
can可以用来表示,并且通常对于关系亲近的人。
肯定回答用Yes,sbcan.否定回答用No,sbcan’t.
could
IcouldridethebicyclewhenIwasseven.Hecouldswimwhenhewasalittlechild.
用来描述某人具有某种能力,用于。
—ThelittlegirlspeakFrenchverywell.
—IspeakafewFrenchwhenIwasyoung,butIforgetallnow.
2.……可以吗
Couldyouhelpmemovetheheavybox?
CouldIhavealookatyourfamilyphotos?
could可以用来表示,口气比can委婉。
回答时,
与can相同
肯定回答用Yes,sbcan.否定回答用No,sbcan’t.()—CouldIborrowyourruler,please?
—Yes,you_.Butyoumustreturnitbeforelunchtime.
A.havetoB.canC.mustD.could
need
Tinaneedstogetsomesleep.
Idon’tneedtogohomeyet—it’sstillearly.Heneededtofinishtheworkyesterday.
need作实义动词,有人称,时态的变化。
接动词时,用动词不
定式。
—NeedIeherebeforeeighttomorrowmorning?
—No,youneedn’t.
need也可作情态动词,常用于否定句和疑问句中,
needn’t翻译为“没必要”。
判断下列句子中的need属于实义动词还是情态动词Andyneedstohavearest.
NeedIpayhimavisit?
Youneedn’tgetheresoearly.mustv.必须
Tom,youmustlistentoyourteacheratschool.Wemuststopwhenthetrafficlightisred.
Imustkeepthehabitofgoingtobedearly.
must常用来表达一种或者一种。
haveto“不得不,必须”
—Doyouwanttoplaybasketballwithusafterschool?
—I’dloveto,butIhavetofinishmyhomeworkfirst.Ihadtoleaveatthattime.(变为否定句)
Shehastolookafterherlittlebrothertoday.(变为一般疑问句)
must&
haveto
区别1:
must多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事,多译为“”,而haveto除了表示必须,也可表示环境所限,客观要求(无奈)而为之,多译为“”。
Youmustbehereontimetomorrow.
Imustgetupearlytocatchthefirsttrain.
Ican’tgooutwithyoubecauseIhavetodomyhomeworknow.
Ihavetoleaveschoolbecausemyfamilyisverypoor.
区别2:
没有人称,时态的变化;
有人称,时态的变化。
区别3:
否定形式的含义不同
must的否定形式mustn’t表示“禁令”,译为“禁止……,绝对不能……”;
haveto的否定形式don’thaveto译为“没必要”。
Childrenmustn’tswimintheriver.
Youdon’thavetotakeataxi.Itisstillearly.
联系:
—MustIhandinthehomeworknow?
—Yes,youmust/haveto.
—No,youdon’thaveto/needn’t.
must提问的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must或者haveto;
肯定回答用don’thaveto或者needn’t.
()—MustIbeinhospitalforaweek,Doctor?
—No,you.Youcangobackhometomorrow.
A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.must
may
1.“可能,也许”表达一种可能性
ImayvisitmygrandparentsonSunday,butIamnotsureyet.
—Ican’tfindmywatch.
—Itmaybeinyourschoolbag.
2.“可以”
Youmaytakethisawayifyoulikeit.Youmayhaveyourlunchnow.
3.“……可以吗?
……好吗?
”
MayIuseyourtelephone?
MayIein?
may表示委婉请求时,常与第一人称连用。
语气比can,could
委婉。
肯定回答用Yes,sbmay.否定回答用No,youcan’t或者No,youmustn’t.
()—MayIsmokehere?
—I’msorryyou.Itisdangeroustosmokehere.
A.needn’tB.canC.mayD.mustn’tmaybe&
maybe
Shemaybeathomenow.
Maybeshewantstogotomovieswithyoutoday.
maybe:
may后要接动词原形。
am,is,are的原形为be。
maybe:
是一个副词,意思是“也许,可能”。
常放在句首。
()Willyouanswerthetelephone?
Ityourmother.
A.canbeB.maybe
C.havetobeD.maybe
四、课堂练习
()1.—Whatmustyourbrotherdoeveryday?
—Hemustpiano.
A.practiceplayB.practicesplay
C.practiceplayingD.practicesplaying()2.—Canyourbrotherdrive?
—.Heoftendrivesmetowork.
A.Yes,hecanB.No,hecan’t
C.Yes,hedrivesD.No,hedoesn’tdrive()3.—They_playfootballlastFriday
becauseSimonforgottobringhisfootballhere.
A.couldB.couldn’tC.can’tD.can()4.—CouldIhaveanothercupofcoffee?
—Yes,ofcourseyou.
A.canB.can’tC.couldD.couldn’t()5.LisaisalittlepooratChinese.Ithinkshe
needsiteveryday.
A.practicetospeakB.topracticespeaking
C.practicespeakingD.topracticetospeak()6.—Let’stakeataxi.
—No,we.It’snotfarfromhere.
A.can’tB.mustn’tC.couldn’tD.needn’t
()7.—Doyouhavetomakedinnerforyourdad?
—.Heisalwaysverybusy.
A.Yes,IamB.Yes,Ido
C.No,Ican’tD.No,Idon’t()8.Itraintomorrow.
A.canB.mustC.havetoD.may()9.Westopwhenthetrafficlightisred.
A.mayB.canC.can’tD.must()10.Marystayinherroombecauseit
rainedheavilyyesterday.
A.hadtoB.haveto
C.hastoD.may
()11.―Itissofarfromhere.
―Ifyouwant,you_usemycar.
A.mustB.havetoC.can’tD.may
()12.Pleasebequiet.Youuseyourcellphoneortalktoeachotherinthelibrary.
A.don’thavetoB.mustn’t
C.canD.may
()13.Youfinishthebooktoday.Youcangivemebackonweekends.
A.canB.don’thaveto
C.can’tD.may
()14.—MustIfinishtheworkbeforefive?
—No,you.
A.needn’tB.mustn’t
C.mustD.haveto
()15.—MayIhavealookatthatpicture?
—I’msorryyou.It’sasecret(秘密).
A.don’thavetoB.can’t
C.maynotD.can
()16.Mysisterstayingonbednow.Shedoesn’thavetogotoschooltoday.
A.maybeB.haveto
C.maybeD.may
二、用适当的情态动词填空
17.—Look!
Theboystandonhishands.
—IalsodoitwhenIwasveryyoung.
18.Youtrain.
getupsoearly.Youcanalsocatchthesecond
19.Tom,youlistentoyourteacheratschool.
20.Theclocktellustime.
21.Itberainy,sunnyorcloudytomorrow.Whoknows?
22.—Iuseyourcar?
—Yes,youmay.
三、按要求完成句子
23.ThatthingirlcanspeakFrench.(改为否定句)
24.Youmustreturnthebooknow.(改为一般疑问句)
25.TheboymaygotoEnglandnextmonth.(就划线部分提问)
26.上学期间我们必须穿校服。
(翻译句子)
Weschooluniformonschooldays.
27.Jimhastocleantheclassroomafterschooltoday.(就划线部分提问)
28.在我能看电视之前我必须读一本书。
IreadabookbeforeIwatchTV.
29.那个穿红衣服的女士可能是我们的新老师。
Theladyinred_ournewteacher.
30.你没必要到这那么早。
Yougetheresoearly.
【参考答案】
一、
助动词动词原形BCD
二、
情态动词情态动词
Canhestayfordinnertonight?
Iimaynotgotothecountrysidenextmonth.Whatclubcanyourfriendjoin?
WhenmustyouarriveinHenan?
三、
can:
能力准许请求许可
could:
一般过去时cancould
请求许可B
need:
实义动词情态动词情态动词
must:
命令,规定主观意愿
haveto:
Ididn’thavetoleaveatthattime.
Doesshehavetolookafterherlittlesistertoday?
必须不得不
musthavetoC
may:
DB
四、
1—5:
CABAB6—10:
DBDDA
11—16:
DBBABC
17.cancould18.Needn’t
19.must20.can
21.may22.May
23.Thatthingirlcan’tspeakFrench.
24.MustIreturnthebooknow?
25.Wheremaytheboygonextmonth?
26.havetowear
27.WhatdoesJimhavetodoafterschooltoday?
28.mustcan
29.maybe
30.don’thaveto