最新中学1718学年下学期高一期末考试英语试题附答案3Word文档下载推荐.docx
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每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Vinegar(醋)isgreat.Itmakessalad,friesanddumplingstastebetter,andyoucanevencleanyourwindowswithit.Andnow,accordingtoscientists,itmayevenhelptheplanet’spopulationsurviveclimatechange.ResearchersfromtheRIKENCenterforSustainableResourceScience(CSRS)inJapanprovedthat.Theyfoundgrowingplantsinvinegarmakesthemmoreresistanttodroughts.Thiscouldmeanthatinthefuture,worriesaboutclimatechangeaffectingtheworld’ssupplyoffoodwillbemuchlower.
ThediscoverywasmadeaftertheresearchersstudiedtheArabidopsis,aplantknownforitsabilitytosurviveindryweather.Itwasfoundthatwhentheplantwasplacedindrought-likeconditions,itproducedachemicalcalledacetate(醋酸盐)---themaincomponentofvinegar.
Afterdiscoveringthis,thescientistsexperimentedfurtherbyaddingacetatetothesoilofotherplantsbeforetheystoppedgivingthemwatercompletely.Afterleavingtheplantsfor14days,theyfoundthattheonestreatedwithacetatehadsurvived,whiletheuntreatedplantshaddriedupanddied.
It’shopedthatthissimplemethodofsurvivalcouldsoonbeusedtohelpfarmersindrycountrieskeeptheircropsalive.“Intheexperiment,wetargetedthebasicfoodsoftheworld—rice,wheatandmaize...andprovedsuccessful”JongMyongKim,co-authorofthestudy,toldPopularSciencemagazine.
Kimhasalreadybeenintouchwithpeoplearoundtheworldwhoareinterestedintryingthissimpleandcost-effectivemethodoutforthemselvesfromfarmerstocompaniesandamateurgardeners.“Nowwearetryingtocooperatewiththemtomakeamethodtoapplythissystem,andmaketheprocessassimpleaspossible,”hesaid.Hopefullythismeanstheendofhungercausedbybadweatherinthefuture.
21.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph1referto?
A.Vinegarmayhelpcreaturessurvivebadweather.
B.VinegarisfoundinplantsbyJapanesescientists.
C.Vinegarisveryusefulforcooking.
D.Vinegarismainlyusedbypeopletocleanhouses.
22.ScientistsinJapanfindfromtheirstudiesthat________.
A.theacetatecanbeusedbyfarmerstoreplacethesoil.
B.theplantstreatedwithacetatecouldsurvivedryconditions.
C.soilconditioncouldbechangedbypouringvinegarcontinually.
D.theArabidopsiscouldsurviveindryweatherbecauseoftheshape.
23.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?
A.Howtodecreasethecostisthemainissue.
B.Keepingplantsalivemeansalotforscientists.
C.Themethodispromisingespeciallyinagriculture.
D.It’stoodifficultforfarmerstoacceptthemethod.
24.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.PlantsNeedWaterB.VinegarandFood
C.JapaneseScientistsFindaWaytoSurviveD.VinegarCouldEndHunger
B
Asmoreandmoreschoolsrushtoputdigitaldevicesinthehandsofeverystudent,manyparentsarebecomingincreasinglyworriedaboutthequalityoftheirchildren’seducation.Thepromiseofincreasedstudentacademicachievementthroughtheuseoftechnologyhasn’tproducedanysignificantresultsinthepast20years.
ResearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniaLosAngelesconductedastudyin2014todetermineifthesocialskillsofelementarystudentswereblockedbyscreentime.Twogroupsofsixthgradestudentswerecompared.Onegroupwassenttoanoutdoorcampforoneweekwithnoscreentime,whilethecontrolgrouplivelifeasnormal.Afteroneweek,thestudentsatcamphadmadesignificantimprovementsovertheirpeers(同龄人).Thegoodnewsisthatwhenwelimitaccesstoscreentimeandgivechildrentheopportunitytointeractfacetoface,theyquicklybecomebetteratreadingtheemotionalstateofothers.Thebadnewsisthatwehaveagenerationofchildrenthatstrugglewiththisbasicemotionalintelligenceskill.
Toomuchscreentimehasbeenlinkedtochildhoodobesity,sleepdisorders,behaviorproblems,andacademicchallenges.Butisthereadifferencebetweenschoolworkandentertainmentmedia?
Whenstudentsareusingtechnologyforacademicworktheyaremorelikelytobecommunicatingwithpeers,workingcooperatively,anddevelopingotherimportantskills.However,alltheseareimpossiblewhenstudentswatchentertainmentmedia.Theyjustsitandwatch!
Parentshavetherighttofocusontheirchildren’sscreentimeatschool,buttheyshouldbeginwithdiscussingtheuseofdigitalmediaathome.Someparentsarecontinuouslyengagedintheirowndevices,respondingtoeveryringoftheirphones,receivingandsendingmessages.Howcantheyexpecttheirchildrentodobetter?
25.Whatwastheschools’originalintentionofusingdigitaldevices?
A.Tomakesurestudentsgettechnologicaleducation.
B.Tohelpstudentsdevelopsocially.
C.Tomakeschoollifemoreentertainingandcolorful.
D.Toimprovestudentsacademically.
26.Whataspectofchildrenworriesthewriteralot?
A.Lackingguidanceonproperscreentime.
B.Lackingchancestocommunicatewithothers.
C.Lackinginterestinimprovingtheirstudy.
D.Lackingskillsinreadingothers’emotionalstate.
27.Whatattitudedoesthewriterhavetotheuseofdigitaldevicesinschoolwork?
A.Positive.B.Worried.
C.Negative.D.Uncertain.
28.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat________.
A.parentsshouldn’topposeschoolsintheireducationalapproaches
B.someparentsmaysetabadexampletotheirchildreninusingdigitalmedia
C.thescreenwatchingtimeshouldn’tbelongerthan2hoursforstudents
D.it’swrongforschoolstofocusontechnologicaleducation
C
OnedaywhenIwas12,mymothergavemeanorder:
Iwastowalktothepubliclibrary,andborrowatleastonebookforthesummer.Thiswasonemoreweaponforhertodefeatmystrangeproblem—inabilitytoread.
Inthelibrary,Ifoundmywayintothe“Children’sRoom.”Isatdownonthefloorandpulledafewbooksofftheshelfatrandom.Thecoverofabookcaughtmyeye.Itpresentedapictureofabeagle.Ihadrecentlyhadabeagle,thefirstandonlyanimalcompanionIeverhadasachild.Hewasmysecretsharer,butonemorning,hewasgone,givenawaytosomeonewhohadthespaceandthemoneytocareforhim.Ineverforgotmybeagle.
Thereonthebook’scoverwasabeaglewhichlookedidenticaltomydog.Iranmyfingersoverthepictureofthedogonthecover.Myeyesranacrossthetitle,Amos,theBeaglewithaPlan.Unknowingly,Ihadreadthetitle.Withoutopeningthebook,Iborroweditfromthelibraryforthesummer.
Undertheshadeofabush,IstartedtoreadaboutAmos.Ireadvery,veryslowlywithdifficulty.Thoughpageswereturnedslowly,Igotthemainideaofthestoryaboutadogwho,likemine,hadbeenseparatedfromhisfamilyandwhofinallyfoundhiswaybackhome.Thatdogwasmydog,andIwasthelittleboyinthebook.Attheendofthestory,mymindcontinuedthefinalsceneofreunion,onandon,untilmyownlostdogandIwere,inmymind,runningtogether.
Mymother’scallreturnedmetotherealworld.Isuddenlyrealizedsomething:
Ihadreadabook,andIhadlovedreadingthatbook.EveryoneknewIcouldnotread.ButIhadreadit.BookscouldbeincrediblywonderfulandIwasgoingtoreadthem.
Inevertoldmymotheraboutmy“miraculous”experiencethatsummer,butshesawaslowbutremarkableimprovementinmyclassroomperformanceduringthenextyear.Andyearslater,shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks,wasawardedaPhDdegreeinliterature,andauthoredhisownbooks,articles,poetryandfiction.Thepowerofthewordshasheld.
29.Thebookcaughttheauthor’seyebecause_____.
A.itcontainedprettypicturesofanimals
B.itremindedhimofhisowndog
C.hefounditstitleeasytounderstand
D.helikedchildren’sstoriesverymuch
30.Whycouldtheauthormanagetoreadthebookthrough?
A.Hewasforcedbyhismothertoreadit.
B.Heidentifiedwiththestoryinthebook.
C.Thebooktoldthestoryofhispetdog.
D.Thehappyendingofthestoryattractedhim.
31.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?
A.Theauthorhasbecomeasuccessfulwriter.
B.Theauthor’smotherreadthesamebook.
C.Theauthor’smotherrewardedhimwithaPhDdegree.
D.Theauthorhashadhappysummerseversince.
D
ManyAmericansthinkofdriverlesscarsasafuturistictechnologythatwillrevolutionize(彻底变革)travelincitiesandalongstatehighways.ButrecentexperimentsareprovingthatautonomousvehiclesalsohavethepotentialtoimprovethequalityoflifeformillionsofAmericansunderservedbytraditionalmodesoftransportation,suchastheelderlyanddisabled,solongaslawmakersmakesmartpoliciesthatpavethewayforinvention.
AretirementcommunityinSanJose,California,whichhasbeentransformedbyasmallfleetofdriverlesstaxis,showsthepotentialofself-drivingcarstotransformpeople’slives.BuiltbyatechcompanycalledVoyage,themodifiedFordFusionsarecurrentlylimitedtoatwo-mileroad,butresidentsarealreadyhavingthebenefitsoftheseautonomousvehicles,whichallowthemtoparticipateinsocialactivitiestheywouldotherwisebeunabletoenjoysimplybecausetheycouldnotgettothem.
Whenthetrialrunfinallyexpandsto15milesofroad,theseresidents—whoseaverageageis76—willalsohaveaconvenientandreliablenewwaytoappointments.Asthesecarscontinuetoserveresidentsthere,itiseasytounderstandwhyCaliforniaismovingtosimplifylawsfortheindustry.
InMichigan,forward-thinkingpolicieshavethepotentialtounlockotherhiddenbenefitsofautonomousveh