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考的频率也蛮高的. 8虚拟语气:
注意一下还是比较容易看出来的,多长个心眼儿吧。
9It:
有时要加,有时要删,有时要变itself,总之多盯“它”几眼。
10动词词组:
其实主要是介词的问题,这个没办法临时抱佛脚,要靠积累。
改错:
ﻫ1、改错虽然为主观题,但错误类型相对集中,可分为以下几种情况:
定冠词:
a,an, the误用,甚至多出来;
解决办法:
分析定冠词的主语及上下文有无指代;
ﻫ级:
分两类错误,第一种是原级用成比较级,比较级用成最高级,反之亦然。
有一种除外,是两者比较谁最好,可以用最高级;
第二种是意思相反,如most改为least;
ﻫ连词错误:
也分两种,第一种为连词误用,应该表示转折的用成了并列,比如while改为and;
第二种为近义词。
在不同语境中用However, Nonetheless, 比用but更合适,更合乎语法;
(与逻辑关系也有关,看上下文,联系语境)
词性错误:
多出现为形容词转变为副词,反之亦然;
也有可能是限定,如adv.+adj.+n.,如下所说;
形容词改为动词或名词等,多出现在一词多性的情况下;
形容词限定错误:
出现在adj.+adj.+n.要知道第1个adj.是限定第2个adj.还是限定n。
;
若是限定第2个adj。
大多改为副词adv。
;
ﻫ搭配错误:
多为介词搭配错误,如insomeextent改为to,rely in改为on等;
也有搭配词没有给出,需要自己添加,比如define。
..as;
词义错误:
比如:
rather than改为other than;
(此项比较难)ﻫ近义形容词错误:
例如:
respective,respectable, respectful,respecting,respected;
(此项比较难)ﻫ缺失:
例如thefact后面直接接了句子,中间缺少that,表明同位关系;
多余:
有的地方莫名其妙多出一个词,多为介词,是没有用的;
ﻫ词义相反:
多出现在形容词,需要在前面添加或去掉in-,im-,ir-,un-等否定前缀;
主动被动:
分析主语与谓语动词的逻辑关系是主动还是被动,多出现在分句中;
三单:
主语与谓语是单数还是复数,主语是否为不可数名词,是的话如何判断谓语动词是单数还是复数,还是有特殊用法;
时态:
现在时用为过去式,或者进行时用成了现在时等;
ﻫ定语从句用错先行词:
which用成了that;
难点儿的比如:
forwhich用成了which,要知道forwhich=why,in/ atwhich=where;
还有什么情况下必须用that,比如人和物搭配,序数词,theone, the only,不缺任何成分,有否定词,有all等;
以下八大高频考点的分类出自《华研·
专八人文知识与改错》,现将八大类错误整理如下,主要包括:
1.短语搭配错误;
2。
易混词错误;
3。
逻辑关系错误;
4.代词错误(一致错误);
5。
冠词错误;
6.形容词和副词使用错误;
7.成分残缺或冗余;
8。
动词时态或语态错误.笔者认为这八类错误基本涵盖了改错考试中出现的错误,首先了解错误类型,对应对改错具有重要意义.另外,笔者在总结《华研·
专八人文知识与改错》和《星火·
专八改错满分突破60篇》两本练习册中近100篇改错题的基础上,搜集其中出现的所有典型错误例子(语法词汇类错误居多),并根据所属错误类型整理如下。
(注意:
带—〉的表示前边的是错误的,后边的是改正之后的;
其他的没有正确错误之分)
1。
短语搭配错误(大部分为介词错误)
carry/getwiththings–〉 carry/get onwiththings toletalone–>
letalone
inreturnto–>
in returnfor the needof–>
theneedfor
substituteAwithB–>
substituteAforB account 70%
—->
accountfor70%
underthegrounds of/that –〉on the groundsof/that
attitudeonlife–>
attitude towards/to life
inaquickspeed –〉ata quickspeed withmanyrespects–>
inmanyrespects
at theface of–〉intheface(s)of considerationsto…–>
considerations for…
becomevictimsof…
-->
become victimsto…rideinatrain–〉 rideonatrain
theproblemswiththegovernment–〉theproblemsforthegovernment
resistive against–〉resistiveto resistanceof–>
resistanceto
embark sth –〉 embarkon sth withthebeliefthat –〉inthe beliefthat
atadvanceofsth–>in advance ofsth interpret… to–〉interpret…as
inlineto –〉inline with tovaringdegrees –〉invaringdegrees
takepride of–> takepridein leapout tome–〉leapoutatme
injectthemlethalstrains–〉injectthemwith lethal strains
chargehim
with
thesameprice –>
chargehimthesameprice
imbalanceofA andB –>
imbalancebetweenAandB
shortageof proteinwiththem –>
shartage of proteinamongthem
fortify sbfor sth–>
fortifysbagainststh (加强…以抵御…)
shedlighttosth–〉 shedlight on sth inproportion with–〉inproportionto
pay foritwithdollars–>payforitindollars bein liberty to–>
be atliberty to
beginatdoing –〉begin withdoing becontrastedto–>
becontrastedwith
commitanoffenceto–>
commitanoffence againstmoderntime–>moderntimes
abilityof(doing)sth–>
abilityin(doing) sth defend sth against–>
defendsthfrom
atthe firstplace–>in thefirst place paymoneyindoing–>
paymoneyfordoing
taketodo –>taketodoing(“求助于,开始"
,to为介词)
yearnto –〉 yearnfor ataverage–>
onaverage
identify oneselfto –〉identify oneselfwith be successfulondoing–>besuccessful at/in doing
getone'
steeth on–>getone'
s teeth into(埋头做,认真做)
theactionof formation–〉theactionofforming(of后应接动名词而非名词)
approach todo… –〉approach to doing … one contributorof–>
one contributorto
consumersdemandofluxurygoods–〉consumersdemandforluxurygoods
onone’s 30s–>
inone’s30sbalkto–〉balk at (回避,绕过)
differAfromB–>
distinguishAfrom Bsuitto sb/sth –>
suitforsb/sth
vary by –varywithemphasis of– emphasis on
易混词错误
(1)形近异义词
imaginative–imaginaryadapt–adopt confirm– conform
former – formal diary –dairy personal– personnel
beside –besides principal– principle intelligent– intelligible
conscious–conscientious stationary – stationeryconsiderate–considerable
affect(影响)–effect(致使、达成) contact– contract moral–morale
industrious–industrial desert–dessert require–acquire –inquire
presence –presentationsensible –sensitive transformation –transmission
value–evaluate tense–tension anything– something
cooker –cook complexity(复杂性)– complex(合成体) insurance–assurance
provide(提供)– provided/providing(假设,如果) perceive –conceive
effective(有效的)–affective(受…影响的,由…引起的)
(2)形近(形异)近义词
latter–later late(迟的,已故的)–latest(最晚的,最新的)
farther(距离更远)–further(程度更进一步)healthy(健康的)–healthful(有益健康的)
effective–efficient continual(连续的) –continuous(持续不断的)
respectable –respectful historic–historical
rise– arise– raise– arouse sure–insure – ensure–assure
in returnto– inresponse to opposite– opposition
producing– productive lonely–alone across–cross impressed-—impressive
permit(n.通行证) –permission relating–related memorizing–memorable
normal(n.常态,通常标准,一般水平)–norm(规范,行为标准)
favorite–favorable acceptability –acceptance economical–economic
few–littleafew–fewlittle–alittle invent– discover
before–ago another–other
agent(代理人)–agency(代理机构)reward(回馈)– award(奖赏)
special – specific
(3)兼有两种形式的副词
firstly– first(firstly用于列举条目或者表示顺序,first表示时间上“第一次、首次”)
hardly(几乎不) –hard(努力地) sure–surely late–lately
clear(完全地、径直地)–clearly(显然、清楚地)
high(高度高地)–highly(程度高地、非常)
close(接近地、紧密地)–closely(紧密地、严密地) most(最)–most(大部分)
(4)反义词
with–without possible –impossiblesubjective–objective
import–export better–worse employee–employer
employment–unemployment modifiable–unmodifiable
natural–unnatural discernable–indiscernable lent–borrowed
exclusive–inclusive independency–dependencywilling–unwilling
nothingmorethan– nothingless thanagree–disagree
rarely–frequently/often specific–general
less– more(stillmore–stillless)most–least known–unknown
respective–irrespective(irrespectiveof表示“不管…”) majority–minority
resultin –result fromfortunately–unfortunately powerful–powerless
easiness–uneasiness professional–amateur
aware –unaware include –exclude
(5)名词单复数异义
moral–morals(作名词时用复数形式,表示“道德、伦理”)
collection(不可数名词表示“各种因素集合体”)–collections(可数名词表示“收藏品”)
manner(方法,方式) –manners(礼仪,礼节)saving– savings(复数表示“存款”)
specie(硬币)–species(种类)(species只有单数) mean(n。
平均值) –means(方法)
(6) 易混短语
livewith(同…一起生活,忍受)–liveby(靠…过活)
goabout (doing)sth(开始做某事,四处走动,流传,经常从事于)–goaround(四处走动,绕道走)
tendto –intendto
innextweek(以当下时间为基准点)–in the nextweek(以过去的时间为基准点)
spend… indoingsth–spend…onsth dieof(内部) –diefrom(外部)
ratherthan–otherthan havesbdosth –have sth done
take on(从事,开始对付,呈现)– goon(继续)take place–taketheplace of
consist in(在于) – consistof(包括) inall(总共) –afterall(毕竟)
inreturn(作为报答)–inturn(反过来,轮流)
onereasonfor+短语–onereasonwhy+句子
bringout(使显露,使显现)– bringup(教育,培养,提出,(船)抵达目的地)
beworthdoing–be worthwhiletodo
react to(对…作出反应)– reactwith(以…作出反应)
apply…to(将…应用于) –apply for(请求,申请)
逻辑关系错误(连词使用错误)
therefore–nevertheless/however
(大部分therefore都要改为however,反之亦然)
and–but/whileor–and but–because moreover–however
after –before since–although thereisno…–thereisalso…
that–if fromnowon–fromthenon all –nonebesides –yet
if–unless besides– except therefore –because so–because
sodoes he…–neither/nordoeshe… that’swhy+结果 –that’s because+原因
asif– evenif whether–if
4.代词错误(一致错误)
their–its that–those
(需要特别注意)
which–that(有些情况下关系代词只能用that)
which – whatit–itself (主宾相同,宾语用反身代词)
that/this –it(只有it可作形式主语)
his –one’s(泛指时用one)you–yourself it –they this –such
XXislesssophisticated thanwhattheyaretoday–XXislesssophisticatedthantheyaretoday
5.冠词错误
(1)定冠词多余
ontheeither side –>
oneither side inthe Europe–> inEurope inthewinter–>inwinter(季节前不加定冠词)
Kaufman,the/an authorof arecentbook–Kaufman,author ofa recent book(同位语间完全对等关系,不必使用冠词)
takethe issue–〉takeissue(对…持异议,不同意)
(2)定冠词缺漏
amongmost–〉among themost oneoffirst–〉one ofthefirst
atmosphere–〉theatmosphere(表示独一无二的事物)(另外还有如:
theEquator,theOuterspace)
between us and rest–>
betweenusandtherest
in minority–〉 intheminority around floor–>
aroundthe floor
piano–〉thepiano(西洋乐器的前面要有定冠词)
Englishlanguage –〉theEnglishlanguage atheart of–〉attheheartof
world–〉theworld(表示“地球"
这种独一无二的事物要加定冠词)
inlongrun –>
inthelongrun
(3)定冠词与不定冠词之间的误用
illustratethefurtherdifference–〉illustrateafurther difference(diference第一次提及)
注意以下短语的区别
inchurch–in the church
atcollege–atthecollegeincourt– inthecourt in hospital–in thehospital
inoffice–in the office
inprison–inthe prisonatsea –atthesea inschool–inthe school
attable –atthetable
6。
形容词与副词使用错误
havebeencurrently –>
currentbewellequippedas –>
be as wellequipped as
heavyindust