专八改错技巧总结Word文档下载推荐.docx

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专八改错技巧总结Word文档下载推荐.docx

考的频率也蛮高的. 8虚拟语气:

注意一下还是比较容易看出来的,多长个心眼儿吧。

9It:

有时要加,有时要删,有时要变itself,总之多盯“它”几眼。

10动词词组:

其实主要是介词的问题,这个没办法临时抱佛脚,要靠积累。

改错:

ﻫ1、改错虽然为主观题,但错误类型相对集中,可分为以下几种情况:

定冠词:

a,an, the误用,甚至多出来;

解决办法:

分析定冠词的主语及上下文有无指代;

ﻫ级:

分两类错误,第一种是原级用成比较级,比较级用成最高级,反之亦然。

有一种除外,是两者比较谁最好,可以用最高级;

第二种是意思相反,如most改为least;

ﻫ连词错误:

也分两种,第一种为连词误用,应该表示转折的用成了并列,比如while改为and;

第二种为近义词。

在不同语境中用However, Nonetheless, 比用but更合适,更合乎语法;

(与逻辑关系也有关,看上下文,联系语境)

词性错误:

多出现为形容词转变为副词,反之亦然;

也有可能是限定,如adv.+adj.+n.,如下所说;

形容词改为动词或名词等,多出现在一词多性的情况下;

形容词限定错误:

出现在adj.+adj.+n.要知道第1个adj.是限定第2个adj.还是限定n。

若是限定第2个adj。

大多改为副词adv。

;

ﻫ搭配错误:

多为介词搭配错误,如insomeextent改为to,rely in改为on等;

也有搭配词没有给出,需要自己添加,比如define。

..as;

词义错误:

比如:

rather than改为other than;

(此项比较难)ﻫ近义形容词错误:

例如:

respective,respectable, respectful,respecting,respected;

(此项比较难)ﻫ缺失:

例如thefact后面直接接了句子,中间缺少that,表明同位关系;

多余:

有的地方莫名其妙多出一个词,多为介词,是没有用的;

ﻫ词义相反:

多出现在形容词,需要在前面添加或去掉in-,im-,ir-,un-等否定前缀;

主动被动:

分析主语与谓语动词的逻辑关系是主动还是被动,多出现在分句中;

三单:

主语与谓语是单数还是复数,主语是否为不可数名词,是的话如何判断谓语动词是单数还是复数,还是有特殊用法;

时态:

现在时用为过去式,或者进行时用成了现在时等;

ﻫ定语从句用错先行词:

which用成了that;

难点儿的比如:

forwhich用成了which,要知道forwhich=why,in/ atwhich=where;

还有什么情况下必须用that,比如人和物搭配,序数词,theone, the only,不缺任何成分,有否定词,有all等;

以下八大高频考点的分类出自《华研·

专八人文知识与改错》,现将八大类错误整理如下,主要包括:

1.短语搭配错误;

2。

易混词错误;

3。

逻辑关系错误;

4.代词错误(一致错误);

5。

冠词错误;

6.形容词和副词使用错误;

7.成分残缺或冗余;

8。

动词时态或语态错误.笔者认为这八类错误基本涵盖了改错考试中出现的错误,首先了解错误类型,对应对改错具有重要意义.另外,笔者在总结《华研·

专八人文知识与改错》和《星火·

专八改错满分突破60篇》两本练习册中近100篇改错题的基础上,搜集其中出现的所有典型错误例子(语法词汇类错误居多),并根据所属错误类型整理如下。

(注意:

带—〉的表示前边的是错误的,后边的是改正之后的;

其他的没有正确错误之分)

1。

短语搭配错误(大部分为介词错误)

carry/getwiththings–〉 carry/get onwiththings  toletalone–>

letalone

inreturnto–>

in returnfor   the needof–>

theneedfor

substituteAwithB–>

substituteAforB account 70% 

—->

accountfor70%

underthegrounds of/that –〉on the groundsof/that

attitudeonlife–>

attitude towards/to life

inaquickspeed –〉ata quickspeed withmanyrespects–>

inmanyrespects

at theface of–〉intheface(s)of  considerationsto…–>

considerations for…

becomevictimsof… 

-->

become victimsto…rideinatrain–〉 rideonatrain

theproblemswiththegovernment–〉theproblemsforthegovernment

resistive against–〉resistiveto  resistanceof–>

resistanceto

embark sth –〉 embarkon sth   withthebeliefthat –〉inthe beliefthat

atadvanceofsth–>in advance ofsth interpret… to–〉interpret…as

inlineto –〉inline with tovaringdegrees –〉invaringdegrees

takepride of–> takepridein  leapout tome–〉leapoutatme

injectthemlethalstrains–〉injectthemwith lethal strains

chargehim 

with 

thesameprice –>

 chargehimthesameprice

imbalanceofA andB –>

imbalancebetweenAandB

shortageof proteinwiththem –>

shartage of proteinamongthem

fortify sbfor sth–>

 fortifysbagainststh (加强…以抵御…)

shedlighttosth–〉 shedlight on sth   inproportion with–〉inproportionto

pay foritwithdollars–>payforitindollars  bein liberty to–>

be atliberty to

beginatdoing –〉begin withdoing becontrastedto–>

becontrastedwith

commitanoffenceto–>

commitanoffence againstmoderntime–>moderntimes

abilityof(doing)sth–>

abilityin(doing) sth defend sth against–>

defendsthfrom

atthe firstplace–>in thefirst place  paymoneyindoing–>

paymoneyfordoing

taketodo –>taketodoing(“求助于,开始"

,to为介词)

yearnto –〉 yearnfor ataverage–>

onaverage

identify oneselfto –〉identify oneselfwith be successfulondoing–>besuccessful at/in doing

getone'

steeth on–>getone'

s teeth into(埋头做,认真做)

theactionof formation–〉theactionofforming(of后应接动名词而非名词)

approach todo… –〉approach to doing …    one contributorof–>

 one contributorto

consumersdemandofluxurygoods–〉consumersdemandforluxurygoods

onone’s 30s–>

inone’s30sbalkto–〉balk at (回避,绕过)

differAfromB–>

 distinguishAfrom Bsuitto sb/sth –>

suitforsb/sth

vary by –varywithemphasis of– emphasis on

易混词错误

(1)形近异义词

imaginative–imaginaryadapt–adopt confirm– conform

former – formal diary –dairy personal– personnel

beside –besides  principal– principle intelligent– intelligible

conscious–conscientious  stationary – stationeryconsiderate–considerable

affect(影响)–effect(致使、达成)  contact– contract   moral–morale

industrious–industrial  desert–dessert  require–acquire –inquire

presence –presentationsensible –sensitive  transformation –transmission

value–evaluate   tense–tension anything– something

cooker –cook complexity(复杂性)– complex(合成体) insurance–assurance

provide(提供)– provided/providing(假设,如果)   perceive –conceive

effective(有效的)–affective(受…影响的,由…引起的)

(2)形近(形异)近义词

latter–later late(迟的,已故的)–latest(最晚的,最新的)

farther(距离更远)–further(程度更进一步)healthy(健康的)–healthful(有益健康的)

effective–efficient continual(连续的) –continuous(持续不断的)

respectable –respectful historic–historical

rise– arise– raise– arouse  sure–insure – ensure–assure

in returnto– inresponse to  opposite– opposition

producing– productive lonely–alone  across–cross impressed-—impressive

permit(n.通行证) –permission relating–related memorizing–memorable

normal(n.常态,通常标准,一般水平)–norm(规范,行为标准)

favorite–favorable acceptability –acceptance economical–economic

few–littleafew–fewlittle–alittle  invent– discover

before–ago another–other

agent(代理人)–agency(代理机构)reward(回馈)– award(奖赏)

special – specific

(3)兼有两种形式的副词

firstly– first(firstly用于列举条目或者表示顺序,first表示时间上“第一次、首次”)

hardly(几乎不) –hard(努力地) sure–surely  late–lately

clear(完全地、径直地)–clearly(显然、清楚地)

high(高度高地)–highly(程度高地、非常)

close(接近地、紧密地)–closely(紧密地、严密地) most(最)–most(大部分)

(4)反义词

with–without possible –impossiblesubjective–objective

import–export  better–worse   employee–employer

employment–unemployment  modifiable–unmodifiable

natural–unnatural discernable–indiscernable lent–borrowed

exclusive–inclusive independency–dependencywilling–unwilling

nothingmorethan– nothingless thanagree–disagree

rarely–frequently/often specific–general

less– more(stillmore–stillless)most–least   known–unknown

respective–irrespective(irrespectiveof表示“不管…”)   majority–minority

resultin –result fromfortunately–unfortunately powerful–powerless

easiness–uneasiness professional–amateur

aware –unaware  include –exclude

(5)名词单复数异义

moral–morals(作名词时用复数形式,表示“道德、伦理”)

collection(不可数名词表示“各种因素集合体”)–collections(可数名词表示“收藏品”)

manner(方法,方式) –manners(礼仪,礼节)saving– savings(复数表示“存款”)

specie(硬币)–species(种类)(species只有单数) mean(n。

平均值) –means(方法)

(6) 易混短语

livewith(同…一起生活,忍受)–liveby(靠…过活)

goabout (doing)sth(开始做某事,四处走动,流传,经常从事于)–goaround(四处走动,绕道走)

tendto –intendto

innextweek(以当下时间为基准点)–in the nextweek(以过去的时间为基准点)

spend… indoingsth–spend…onsth dieof(内部) –diefrom(外部)

ratherthan–otherthan havesbdosth –have sth done

take on(从事,开始对付,呈现)– goon(继续)take place–taketheplace of

consist in(在于) – consistof(包括)  inall(总共) –afterall(毕竟)

inreturn(作为报答)–inturn(反过来,轮流)  

onereasonfor+短语–onereasonwhy+句子

bringout(使显露,使显现)– bringup(教育,培养,提出,(船)抵达目的地)

beworthdoing–be worthwhiletodo 

react to(对…作出反应)– reactwith(以…作出反应)

apply…to(将…应用于) –apply for(请求,申请)

逻辑关系错误(连词使用错误)

therefore–nevertheless/however 

(大部分therefore都要改为however,反之亦然)

and–but/whileor–and but–because moreover–however

after –before since–although  thereisno…–thereisalso…

that–if  fromnowon–fromthenon  all –nonebesides –yet

if–unless besides– except therefore –because  so–because

sodoes he…–neither/nordoeshe… that’swhy+结果 –that’s because+原因

asif– evenif    whether–if

4.代词错误(一致错误)

their–its  that–those 

(需要特别注意)

which–that(有些情况下关系代词只能用that)

which – whatit–itself (主宾相同,宾语用反身代词) 

that/this –it(只有it可作形式主语)

his –one’s(泛指时用one)you–yourself it –they  this –such

XXislesssophisticated thanwhattheyaretoday–XXislesssophisticatedthantheyaretoday

5.冠词错误

(1)定冠词多余

ontheeither side –>

 oneither side inthe Europe–> inEurope  inthewinter–>inwinter(季节前不加定冠词)

Kaufman,the/an authorof arecentbook–Kaufman,author ofa recent book(同位语间完全对等关系,不必使用冠词)

takethe issue–〉takeissue(对…持异议,不同意)

(2)定冠词缺漏

amongmost–〉among themost    oneoffirst–〉one ofthefirst

atmosphere–〉theatmosphere(表示独一无二的事物)(另外还有如:

theEquator,theOuterspace)

between us and rest–>

betweenusandtherest

in minority–〉 intheminority around floor–>

aroundthe floor

piano–〉thepiano(西洋乐器的前面要有定冠词)

Englishlanguage –〉theEnglishlanguage atheart of–〉attheheartof

world–〉theworld(表示“地球"

这种独一无二的事物要加定冠词)

inlongrun –>

 inthelongrun 

(3)定冠词与不定冠词之间的误用

illustratethefurtherdifference–〉illustrateafurther difference(diference第一次提及)

注意以下短语的区别

inchurch–in the church

atcollege–atthecollegeincourt– inthecourt  in hospital–in thehospital

inoffice–in the office

inprison–inthe prisonatsea –atthesea inschool–inthe school

attable –atthetable

6。

形容词与副词使用错误

havebeencurrently –>

 currentbewellequippedas –>

be as wellequipped as

heavyindust

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