最新全国大学英语四级考试真题Word文件下载.docx
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Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicShouldSmokingBeCompletelyBanned.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:
1.有人赞同完全禁止吸烟,理由是……
2.有人不赞同完全禁止吸烟,理由是……
3.我的看法。
ShouldSmokingBeCompletelyBanned
PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)
(15minutes)
Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.
Forquestions1-7,mark
Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;
N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;
NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.
Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
Space
OurFutureinSpace:
ItHasAlreadyBegun!
Weareallspacetravelers.Butwe’vestayedclosetohomeuntilnow.Oneday,wemayleaveour“mothership”Earthtomakeourhomeamongthestars.
Agiant,spherical“spaceship”,about8,000milesindiameter,isspeedingthroughthesolarsystemrightnow.Itiscruisingatanincredible66,600milesperhour.
It’snotagiant,StarWarsmother-ship.It’sspaceshipEarth,thehomeofoverfourbillionpeople.Thiswatercoatedspaceshiphasbeentravelingthroughtheuniverseforaboutfivebillionyears.Onlywithinthepast25years,however,havesomeofitspassengersbrokenfreeofEarth’sgravity.
But25yearsfromnow,manypeople,includingyou,mightliveinanorbitingspacestation200milesabovetheEarth.
SpaceCities
Scientistshavealreadydesignedspecialspacefactories.Thesefactorieswilltakeadvantageoftheabsenceofgravity(zerogravity)toproduceeverythingfromlife-savingdrugstoperfectballbearings.
Otherscientistshavedesignedspacecolonies,completewithfarms,schools,andartificialdayandnight.Hundreds,oreventhousands,ofpeoplewilllive,work,play—evengotoschool,farabovetheEarth.
Ourconquestofspace,ofcourse,hasalreadybegun.WehaveexploredpartoftheMoon,sentrobotspaceshipsontothesurfaceofVenusandMars,andaimedspaceprobespasttheplanetsofJupiterandSaturn.
LastJune,onerobotship,Pioneer10,leftoursolarsystemforever.AndastronautsfromboththeSovietUnionandtheUnitedStateshavelivedinspacestations.
Theconquestofspace,withoutquestion,isoneofthegreatestadventureshumanbeingshaveeversetouton.Butitmaybemorethanagreatadventure.Somescientiststhinktheconquestofspacemaybeanecessityforsurvivalofthehumanspecies.
WearetearingupmoreandmoreoftheEarthtogetrawmaterialsforindustry.Andwearepollutingtheairandwateraswemanufactureproductsthatweneedorwant.Almosteverythingthatseemstomakeourlivesmorecomfortable,andfromelectricitytopesticides,usesuporaltersapieceofourplanet’snaturalenvironment.
WhyGointoSpace?
Yetoursolarsystemisfullofresources.Themoonischockfullofvaluablemetals.Soaretheasteroids,thesmall,rocky,planet-likebodiesorbitingthesunmostofthembetweenMarsandJupiter.Thesemetals,ifwecangetthem,couldbeusedtobuildfactoriesandspacestations.
Also,inspace,thereisnoatmospheretofilteroutthesun’senergy.Thereisplentyofsolarenergytobeturnedintoelectricityformanufacturing,forcreatingcomfortablelivingconditions.
GettingawayfromEarthhasotheradvantages,too.Modernindustryusesmanykindsofmetalalloys(mixturesofmetalthatarebetterforcertainpurposesthanpuremetals).Yetsomemetalalloyseithercan’tbemadeorareveryexpensivetomakeonEarthbecauseofgravity.Forinstance,certainmetalsdon’tmixwellonEarth.Butinzerogravity,molten(hot,liquid)metalsmixmoreevenly.Thisisbecausethereisnogravitytopulltheheaviermetalsdown,whilethelighteronesfloatontop.
Fromspace,too,wecanlookdownontheEarthandstudytheatmosphere,itsweather,andtheeffectsofairpollution.
Andbecausethereisnostronggravitytobreakfreefrom,ourfuturehomesawayfromEarthwillbeconvenientstartingpointsfortraveltodistantplanets.
But,whilegoingintospacemightsolvesomeproblems,outerspacecanalsobeadangerousplace.Forexample,inouterspace,wehavetoprotectourselvesfromthedangersofultravioletlightandcosmicrays.UltravioletlightfromthesuncangiveusbadsunburnsrighthereonEarth.Yet,Earth’satmospherescreensoutmostofthatharmfulradiation.Cosmicraysaretinyhighenergyparticlesfromouterspace.Again,theEarthshieldsusfrommostofthem.
AtHomeinSpace?
Butinspace,withoutspecialprotection,wewouldbeexposedtomuchstrongerradiationfromultravioletlightandcosmicrays.Also,inthezerogravityofouterspace,ourboneswilllosecalciumandbecomeweaker.Thiswillbemoreofaproblemthelongerpeoplestayoutinspace.Doctorsarelookingforawaytokeepourbonesfromlosingcalciuminouterspace.Andasmallspaceshipjustmight“driveyoubatty”afterawhile.Butevenonashorttripinouterspace,youmightnotfeelaswellasyou’dliketo.Spacetravelcouldmakeyouseasick!
Yet,theseriskswon’tkeeppeoplefromgoingintospace.Eventually,anEarth-likeenvironmentwillbebuiltinspace.Andtheywillbepopulatedbypeoplewithmanydifferentinterests:
medicine,construction,farming,teaching,mining,andsoon.
Thenexthundredyearswillbefilledwithotherworldlyadventures,excitingscientificdiscoveries,anddanger,ashumansleaveEarth—perhapsforever.
AginginSpace
Supposeaspacetravelerismovingatavelocityof186,200milespersecond.Foreveryhourthatpassesforhim,30hourspassonEarth.Ifhetravelsforayearinthisfashion(havingacceleratedinstantaneously)andthenturnsaroundandcomesbackatthisspeed(havingturnedaroundinstantaneously),hewillfindthatwhilehehasseemedtohimselftohavetraveledtwoyears,themenonEarthwouldclaimhehadbeenabsentfor30years.
Supposethespacetravelerhadleftattheageof30,leavingbehindatwinbrotheralsoaged30.Whenhereturnedhewouldbe32,buthisstay-at-hometwinbrotherwouldbe60.Thatiswhythe“clockparadox”,issometimescalledthe“twinparadox”.
Ofcourseittakesquitealongwhiletoacceleratetoahighspeed,andalongwhiletomakeaturnandheadbackagain,soconditionsaren’tquiteasclear-cutasjustdescribed.
1.Thegiant,sphericalspaceshipmentionedinthepassageisvirtuallytheplanetEarth.
2.Accordingtotheauthor,somepersonshavelefttheEarthandtraveledintoouterspacewithinthepast25years.
3.Scientistshavealreadydesignedspecialspacefactories,whichmanufacturespecialproductsandtoolsforspaceuse,suchasmedicineandperfectballbearings.
4.Accordingtotheinformationofthepassage,wecaninferthatiftheEarthbecomestoocrowdedornolongersuitableformentodwellonsomeday,they’llhavetomoveintospace.
5.Themoonandtheasteroidsarealikewithrespecttotheirrich,valuablemetals.
6.UltravioletlightinspaceplacesscorchesourskinasseriouslyasitdoesonEarth.
7.Evenashorttripinouterspacemaydosomedamagetoone’sbrain.
1.[Y][N][NG]2.[Y][N][NG]3.[Y][N][NG]4.[Y][N][NG]
5.[Y][N][NG]6.[Y][N][NG]7.[Y][N][NG]
8.Thereasonsomemetalalloyscan’tbemadeonEarthisthattheheaviermetals
togetherwiththelighterones.
9.Inspace,thereisnoatmospheretofilteroutthesun’senergy.Thereisplentyofsolarenergytobeturnedinto,forcreatingcomfortablelivingconditions.
10.Accordingtotheauthor,willbecausedtoamaningravityfreespace.
我们长期呆在校园里,对社会缺乏了解,在与生意合作伙伴应酬方面往往会遇上困难,更不用说商业上所需经历的一系列繁琐手续。
他们我们可能会在工商局、税务局等部门的手续中迷失方向。
对具体的市场开拓缺乏经验与相关的知识,缺乏从职业角度整合资源、实行管理的能力;
PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)
SectionA
Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D],anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
11.[A]Tennisequipment.
[B]Volleyballequipment.
[C]Footballequipment.
[D]Basketballequipment.
12.[A]Hemustmeethisteacher.
[B]Hemustattendaclass.
[C]Hemustgooutwithhisgirlfriend.
[D]Hemuststayatschooltofinishhishomework.
13.[A]It’snotasgoodasitwas.
[B]It’sbetterthanitusedtobe.
[C]It’sbetterthanpeoplesay.
[D]It’sevenworsethanpeoplesay.
14.[A]Becausehedoesn’tlikefootball.
[B]BecauseMariafellill.
[C]Becausehedidn’thavethetime.
[D]BecauseMariacan’tstandfootball.
15.[A]Atemporaryjob.
[B]Apermanentjob.
[C]Somemoneyforthevacation.
[D]Somemoneyfortheuniversityfees.
16.[A]Thewomandidmostofthetalking.
[B]Themandidmostofthetalking.
[C]Thewomanwaswearingablacksweater.
[D]Themanandthewomanhaddarkhair.
17.[A]Asunnyday.
[B]Araincoat.
[C]Anattractivehut.
[D]Alovelyhat.
18.[A]Librarianandstudent.
[B]Operatorandcaller.
[C]Bossandsecretary.
[D]Customerandrepairman.
Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
1