广州牛津版八年级上册英语每单元语法总结教学文稿Word文档下载推荐.docx
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田里有一些牛吗?
Therewon'
tbeanytrouble.(修饰不可数名词)
没有任何麻烦。
2.用于条件状语从句
Ifthereisanytrouble,letmeknow.
如果有什么麻烦,要让我知道。
3.any用于肯定句时,通常要重读,修饰单数可数名词和不可数名词。
Anytimeyouwantme,justsendforme.
什么时候你需要我,随时叫我来。
Comeanydayyoulike.
只要你喜欢,随时可以来。
()4Thereisnot___meatinmybowl.Thereis____chickeninit.
A.some;
anyB.any;
someC.any;
anyD.some;
some
()5-Ihaveforgottenmybread.
-Nevermind,youcanhave____.
A.someofusB.someofourC.someofoursD.manyofours
()6-Isthere___teain'
thatgreencup?
-Yes,thereis____.
A.the;
someB.any;
anyC.some;
anyD.any;
()1Couldyoudo___forme,please?
A.everythingB.nothingC.somethingD.anything
()2Thebottleisempty.Thereis___init.
A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything
()3-TurnofftheTV,Betty.____iswatchingit.
-Oh,no.Mum.I'
mwatchingitnow.
A.somebodyB.NobodyC.EverybodyD.Anybody
()4-Didyoufind___intheroom?
-No,wefound___there.
A.anybody;
nobodyB.somebody;
everybody
C.anybody;
somebodyD.everybody;
anybody
()5Ihavealotofworktodo.1have___timetoplay.
A.notB.anyC.noD.some
()6Asweknow,heis___fool.
A.notB.noaC.notanD.No
()1Iaskedhimforsomeoil,buthehadn'
t___.
A.someB.anyC.anythingD.no
()2___ofthefourroadswilltakeyoutothehospital.
A.NeitherB.EitherC.BothD.Any
()3Wouldyoulendmeofyourmoney?
"
A.someB.lotC.afewD.any
()4Wouldyoulike___morecoffee?
A.littleB.anyC.someD.another
()5-Haveyouanybooksonradio?
-I'
dliketoborrow___.
A.thoseB.someC.themD.it
()1Listentome.Ihave____totellyou.
A.anythingnewB.somethingnewC.newsomethingD.nothingnew
()2Bytheway,isthere____intoday'
snewspaper?
A.somethingnewoB.anythingnewC.newsomethingD.newanything
()3Pleasebequiet.Ihave___totellyou.
A.importantsomethingB.nothingimportant
C.importantanythingD.somethingimportant
()4I'
mnotbusy.Ihaven'
t____todo.
A.somethingB.everythingC.nothingD.anything
()5____hashappened,Iwantyoutotellmeaboutit.
A.SomethingB.EverythingC.AnythingD.Nothing
()1Yesterdaymorning___boybrokeintothegarden.
A.anyB.someC.manyD.much
()2___twentyboyswereplayingfootballatthattimeyesterday.
A.EachB.SomeC.NooneD.Neither
()3NowIhave______questions.Let'
sgotoaskourteacher.
A.anyB.muchC.someD.alot
()1Ifyouliketheseapples,youcantake_____.
A.anyB.alotC.that.D.this
()2Iwilldo____formymotherland.
A.anythingB.manyC.muchD.something
()3-Didtheyfind___inthepark?
-No,theyfound____there.
()1Idon'
tknow_____ofthesepeople,fortheyarenewworkers.
A.anyB.someC.oneD.much
()2Hedidn'
ttake___one.Theyareallhere.
A.manyB.anyC.alittleD.That
比较级的构成
一、形容词级的构成
1.单音节形容词的比较级以及以-ly,-er,-ow结尾的形容词在词尾加-er;
以e结尾的形容词在词尾直接加-r构成,重读闭音节双写末位字母再加er。
dark→darker;
quick→quicker;
;
clever→cleverer;
simple→simpler;
narrow→narrower。
2.多音节形容词的比较级在其前加more构成。
important→moreimportant;
beautiful→morebeautiful。
3.表语形容词以及由分词变来的形容词,在其前加more构成。
afraid→moreafraid;
interesting→moreinteresting;
pleased→morepleased。
4.少数形容词的比较级是不规则的。
good/well→better;
bad/ill→worse;
far→farther/further;
much/many→more;
little→less
5.以辅音加y结尾的,把y变i,加er。
early→earlier;
funny→funnier
基本句型
原级比较
1.由“...as+形容词+as...”或“...as+形容词+名词+as...”构成。
mygrandpaisasenergeticasayoungman.
exerciseisasusefulawayasanyothertoloseunwantedweight.
itrytofindasmuchinformationasicanaboutwhathappened.
2.由“...notso(as)+形容词+as...”或“...notso(as)+形容词+名词+as...”构成。
luckilytheweatherwasnotsowetasitistoday.
不同级比较
1.由“……形容词比较级+than...”构成。
heismoreconcernedaboutothersthanabouthimself.
2.由“...many/muchmore+可数/不可数名词+than...”
myfriendearnedmuchmoremoneythanididlastyear.
特殊句型
1.表示“越来越……”的意思:
“比较级+and+比较级”或“moreandmore/lessandless+原级”结构,与这类结构搭配的常用动词有grow,get,become等。
shefeltherselfbecomingmoreandmorenervous.
asthewinterisdrawingnear,it'
sgettingcolderandcolder.
2.表示两者之间更·
·
the+比较级+ofthetwo+名词。
janeisthetallerofthetwochildreninourfamily.
3.表示“越……,越……”:
“the+比较级……,the+比较级……”,
themoremagazinesyousell,themoremoneyyouwillget.
4.“否定+比较级”相当于最高级。
—waituntilwegetasatisfactoryreply,willyou?
—icouldn'
tagreemore.theideasoundsgreattome.
5.“a+比较级+名词(than...)”结构常出现在以never构成的完成时态的动词后面。
howbeautifullyshesings!
ihaveneverheardabettervoice.
6.倍数表示法:
...timesas+形容词原级+as...;
...times+形容词比较级+than...;
...timesthe+性质名词+of...。
thedininghallisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.
thedininghallisthreetimeslargerthanthatone.
thedininghallisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.
注意事项
1.为了避免重复,常用theone代替单数可数名词,theones,those代替复数名词,that代替单数或不可数名词。
2.当比较对象属于同一范围时,需使用other来排除自身,否则会造成与自身相比较的矛盾。
canadaislargerthananyothercountryinnorthamerica.
3.“no+形容词的比较级+than”结构表达对两者均否定。
don'
tbeproudsoearly.youarenobetterthanme.
4.比较级前面可以用even,still,yet,any,much,alittle,alot,byfar等修饰语用以加强语气或表示比较程度。
totellyouthetruth,myboyfriendismucholderthanme
(一)写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式:
long___________wide_____________fat_________heavy__________
slow_____________few_________brightly______-_____bably____________
far_________quickly___________happy_____-______unhappy________
(二)用所给词的正确形式填空:
1.Ofthetwogirls,IfindLucythe_______(clever).
2.Gold(黄金)is______(little)usefulthaniron(铁).
3.Mysisteristwoyears_______(old)thanI.
4.4.John’sparentshavefourdaughters,andsheisthe_____(young)child.
5.5.The_____(cheap)bagsarethenotusuallythebestones.
6.6.Theshortoneisbyfar_______expensiveofthefive.
7.7.Theboyisnotso______(interesting)ashisbrother.
8.8.Dicksings_____(well),shesings______(well)thanJohn,butMarysings______(well)inherclass.
9.9.Shewillbemuch______(happy)inhermewhouse.
10.(三)选择填空:
1.Hefeels_____todaythanyesterday.
A.tiredB.moretiredC.moretirederD.muchtired
2.Whichdoyoulike_____,coffee,teaormilk?
A.theworstB.worseC.theworseD.worst
3.Thelineis____thanthatone.
A.morelongerB.notlongerC.muchmorelongerD.manymorelonger
4.Theearthis_____themoon.
A.as49timesbigasB.49timesasbiggerasC.49timesasbigasD.asbigas49times
5.Thebookis____ofthetwo.
A.thinnerB.thethinnerC.morethinnerD.thethinnest
6.Shelooks_____thanshedoes.
A.themoreolderB.veryolderC.mucholderD.moreolder
7.Thegardenisbecoming______.
A.morebeautifulandmoreB.morebeautifulandbeautiful
C.moreandmorebeautifulD.morebeautifulandbeautifuler
8.Theycompeted(比赛)toseewhocouldwork_____.
A.thefastestandbestB.thefasterandthebetter
C.fastestandbetterD.fasterandbetter
9.______hurry,_______speed.
A.More,lessB.Much,littleC.Themore,thelessD.Themuch,thelittle
10.Thiskindofcoffeeisdifferent______.
A.anditisalsobetterB.andbetterthantheother
C.butalsothanothersD.fromtheother,andbetter
1)表示截止现在业已完成的动作
Bynow,IhavecollectedallthedatathatIneed.到现在为止,我已收集到了我所需的全部资料。
Shehasread150pagestoday.她今天已看了150页。
Wehaven'
tmetformanyyears.我们已多年没见了。
Theyhavedevelopedanewproduct.他们研制成功了一种新产品。
2)表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作
Haveyouhadyourdinner?
你吃晚饭了吗?
ShehasbeentotheUnitedStates.她已去美国了。
Youhavegrownmuchtaller.你长高了许多。
3)表示过去发生的动作持续到现在,并可能还要延续
Ithasbeenfiveyearssincehejoinedthearmy.他参军五年了。
TheyhavelearnedEnglishforeightyears.他们已学了八年的英语了。
Sofarwe'
veonlydiscussedthefirstfivechapters.至今我们还只讨论了前五章。
几点注意
1)一个句子应该用什么时态只能取决于它需要表达的意思,以及它所处的语言环境。
例如:
HespeaksEnglish.(一般现在时,说明动作发生的经常性。
)
HespokeEnglishwhenhewasinNewZealand.(一般过去时,说明动作发生的时间。
HeisspeakingEnglish.(现在进行时,说明动作正在进行。
HehasspokenEnglishforthreeyearssincehecametotheUSA.(现在完成时,这里说明动作的总和。
HehasbeenspeakingEnglishsincehecametotheUSA.(现在完成进行时,强调动作的连续性。
2)在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主从复合句中,如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时,那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般现在时来表示将来时;
如果主句的谓语动词是过去将来时,那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般过去时来表示过去将来时。
Iwillnotplaytennisifitrainstomorrow.
Iwouldnotplaytennisifitrainedthenextday.
3)有些动词表示无法持续的动作,它们一般不宜用于进行时态中。
这类动词常见的有:
be,believe,consist,find,forget,hate,have,hope,hear,know,like,love,notice,prefer,remember,see,seem,smell,suggest,taste,understand,want,wish,sitdown,standup等等。
Be动词若是用于进行时态,可表示暂时、短暂的情况或表现。
Tomisbeingagoodboytoday.汤姆今天很乖。
Heisbeingchildish.他这样做是耍孩子气。
Youarenotbeingmodest.你这样说不太谦虚。
4)关于现在完成时的时间状语问题
A.凡是"
完成时态"
都表示,不知道也不管动作发生的具体时间,所以在使用现在完成时的句子里,不可以带有表示具体过去时间的状语,如:
yesterday,lastweek(month