北京地区下半年成人本科学士学位英语统一考试试题Word格式.docx
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alinkbetweencellphonesandbraincancer.“Whatweshowedisglucose(葡萄糖)metabolism(代谢)(asignofbrainactivity)increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoacellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna,”saidDr.NoraVolkowoftheNIH,whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.(76)Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactstoelectromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals。
Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation(电磁辐射)fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity,butshesaidthefindingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer.“Thisstudydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthehumanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphoneexposures。
”Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywereintroducedintheearly1980s,withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuseworldwide。
Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskofbraincancers,butalargestudybutheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnotofferaclearanswertothis.Volkow’steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheirbrainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanotherwhilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrainmetabolism,theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolismintheregionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason。
(77)Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting,buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.“Althoughthebiologicalsignificance,ifany,ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureisunknown,theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation,”HenryLaioftheUniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversityHospitalinSweden,wroteinanarticleinJAMA.“Muchhastobedonetofurtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects。
”Theywrote。
1.
Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.
Cellphoneuseisdangerous。
B.
Cellphoneusecausescancer。
C.
Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield。
D.
Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldrightnow。
2.
DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______。
herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphone
shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrain
shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescouldinfluenceorchangebrainactivity
humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation
3.
Accordingtothepassage,cellphoneswerelaunched_______。
inthelate1970s
B.between1980and1985
inthelate1980s
D.intheearly1990s
4.
Whatdoestheword“that”standforinthesecondparagraph?
Brainactivity。
Herresearchfindings。
Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer。
Herresearchprogress。
5.
Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?
CellPhoneRadiation:
IsItHarmful?
CellPhoneRadiati0n:
IsItUseful?
IsItHealthy?
IsItWeak?
Passage2
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsatonce.(78)Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew:
We’vebeendrivingwhilelisteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthe1930s.butthereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindofwarpspeedintheeraofWeb-enabledcomputers,whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveralIM(及时通讯)conversations,watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce。
Butwhat’stheimpactofthismediaconsumption?
Andhowarethesemultitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn,reasonandcommunicatewithoneanother?
Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwiththesequestions,buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions。
(79)Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfortoday’sfast-pacedworkplaced,Manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedbythetrend。
Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework,playinggamesonlineandwatchingTV,aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun。
Onthepositiveside,multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarilygoodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodernchildhoodcentersaroundvisual(视觉的)ratherthanprintmedia,theyareespeciallyskilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages。
Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensurethattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreensandspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallengenotjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomanyteenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted(任务过量的)schedulesdrivesmuchoftheirmultitasking。
Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatortoteachkidsthatit’svaluable,evenessential,tooccasionallyslowdown,unplugsandtaketimetoenjoylifebeyondthescreen。
6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Howismultitaskingdefine(定义)intheinformationage?
B.Howdopeopleseenewtechnologyandthesocialchangeitbringsabout?
C.Howdoestechnologychangemodernfamilylife?
D.What’stheimpactofmultitaskingonyoungpeople?
7.Theexpression“warpspeed”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto____。
A.Lowspeed
B.Toomuchtimealone。
C.highspeed
D.steadyspeed
8.Accordingtosometeenagersandcollegestudents,whatcausestheirmultitasking?
A.Overcommittedschedules
B.Toomuchtimealone
C.Inabilitytofocus
D.Fearofbeingneglected
9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?
A.Humanshavebeguntoengageinthemultitaskingbehaviorssincetheinformationage。
B.Multitaskingisacriticalskillthatstudentsarerequiredtolearnatschool。
C.Onlyparentscanhelptheirkidstogetridofthemultitaskinghabits。
D.multitaskingmaypreparestudentsfortherealityoftoday’sfast-pacesworkenvironment。
10.Whatdoeducatorsandpsychologistadviseparentstodotheirmultitaskingkids?
A.Tocutoffhomeinternetconnection。
B.Toseekmedicaltreatment。
C.Toencouragetheirkidstohavesomesociallife。
D.tohelptheirkidstosetpersonalgoals
Passage3
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
ThenuclearpoweremergencyataJapaneseatomicpowerplantlastMarchcouldleadtoamajorre-examinationinEuropeancountriesthatarealreadybuildingsuchplantsorareconsideringashiftfromfossil(化石)fuelstonuclearenergytofightclimatechange.Withtheterribleaccident25yearsagoinChernobyl(切尔诺贝利)beginningtofadeinEuropeanMemories,governmentsacrossEuropehavegrownmoreopentousingmorenuclearpower.EnthusiasmfornuclearpowerisparticularlystronginEasternEurope,whichwantstomoveawayfromdependenceonRussianoilandnaturalgas,andonheavilypollutingcoal-firedpowerplants.Easterngovernmentshavebegunimprovingexistingnuclearplantsorarebuildingorplanningnewones.ButasJapanstruggledtodealwithhernuclearcrises,discussionaboutthegoodandthebadofnuclearpowerbecameheated。
(80)InGermany,nuclearpowerhasbeenarepeatedlyarguedandwidelyfeltissuefordecades。
Upto70percentofGermansopposenuclearpower.Recentlyabout40,000peopleturnedouttoformahumanchainnearanuclearplanttoprotestgovernmentpoliciesonnuclearpower.“TheaccidentinJapancouldleadtoamajorrethinkinEurope,”saidHenrikPaulitzoftheInternationalDoctorsforthePreventionofNuclearWar.“Governmentshavenotbeenquiteopenaboutthesafetylevelsofthenuclearpowerplants。
”
Chancellor(总理)AngelaMerkelheadsacenter-rightunitygovernmentthatsupportstheuseofnuclearpower.Hergovernmentrecentlymadeadisputeddecisiontoextendthelifeofthecountry’s17nuclearpowerplantsbyanaverageof12years.Shewillnowfacemorepressurethechangethatpolicy.Shecalledanemergencymeetingwithherseniorministers.“Weknowhowsafeourplantsareandthatwedonotfaceathreatfromsuchaseriousearthquakeorviolenttidalwave,”Mrs.Merkelsaidafterthemeeting.“WewilllearnwhatwecanfromtheeventsinJapan。
11.
Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutEuropeisTRUE?
A.ItisdependentonRussiaforgasandoil。
B.Ithasputanendtofossilfuels。
C.Ithadamajornuclearaccidentthisyear。
D.Itislikelythattheywouldrethinktheirnuclearpowerpolicies。
12.
Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingstatementsaboutEasternEuropearetrueEXCEPT_______。
A.theyareeagertobuildnewnuclearpowerplants
B.theyhavetotallyforgottentheChernobylaccident25yearsago
C.theyhaveimprovedtheirnuclearpowerplants
D