12 Unit 9The Damned Human RaceWord文档下载推荐.docx
《12 Unit 9The Damned Human RaceWord文档下载推荐.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《12 Unit 9The Damned Human RaceWord文档下载推荐.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
ascent;
atrocious;
avaricious;
brood;
conjecture;
degenerate;
descent;
disposition;
exterminate;
gory;
mutilation;
oblige;
rabid;
scruple;
wantonly
GrammarFocus:
Studyandlearnhowsuchcontrastexpressionsasand,but,comparedto/with,while,unlike,andontheotherhand,areused.
七．教学基本内容和纲要
PartOneWarm–up
1.1Warm-upQuestions
1.2Definethefollowingwordsandphrases
PartTwoBackgroundInformation
2.1HaveyoureadmuchofMarkTwain?
Canyounamesomestories,novelsoressayshewrote?
Howdoyoulikehim?
Whatqualitiesinhiswritingsbroughthimworldrenown?
Isthisessaywritteninhisusualhumorousvein?
PartThreeTextAppreciation
3.1TextAnalysis
3.1.1Themeofthetext
3.1.2Structureofthetext
3.2WritingDevices
3.2.1Contrast
3.2.2Humorous
3.2.3SatireandParallelism
3.3SentenceParaphrase
PartFourLanguageStudy
4.1PhrasesandExpressions
4.1.1Wordlist:
4.1.2Phrasesandexpressionslist:
4.1.3WordBuilding
4.2Grammar
4.2.1Object
PartFiveExtension
5.1Groupdiscussion
八、教学方法和措施
本单元将运用黑板、粉笔、多媒体网络辅助教学设备等教学手段，主要采用以学生为主体、教师为主导的任务型、合作型等教学模式，具体运用教师讲授法、师生讨论、生生讨论等方法进行教学。
九．作业，讨论题，思考题
完成课后练习；
多看英语报刊杂志及英语经典小说，扩大阅读量；
精听与泛听相结合，逐步提高自己的听力水平；
积极参加英语角等有助于提高英语口语的活动；
坚持用英语写日记；
做一些专四相关练习；
十．参考资料：
1）杨立民主编,《现代大学英语精读》（4）第二版，学生用书。
北京：
外语教学与研究出版社,2012。
2）杨立民主编,《现代大学英语精读》（4）第二版，教师用书。
3）李观仪主编，《新编英语教程》（第三、四册）。
上海:
上海外语教学研究出版,1999。
4）黄源深，虞苏美等主编，《综合英语教程》（1-4册）。
高等教育出版社，1998。
5）《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》，北京：
外语教学研究出版社，2000。
6）JudyPearsall主编，《新牛津英语词典》。
上海：
上海外语教育出版社，1998。
7）丁往道、吴冰等编著，《英语写作手册》。
外语教学与研究出版社。
8）张道真，《现代英语用法词典》（重排本）。
外语教学与研究出版社，1994。
9）张道真，温志达,《英语语法大全》上、下卷。
外语教学与研究出版社，1998。
十一、课后小结
Unit9TheDamnedHumanRace
1.DoyouhaveanyideawhyMarkTwainbecamemoreandmorebitterinhislateryears?
Doyouagreethatitwaslargelyduetohispersonalmisfortunes?
Howwouldyoudescribethisessay?
Seriousandmatter-of-fact?
Scientificallydetachedandobjective?
Hilariouslyhumorous?
Bitterlysatirical?
Orwhat?
2.Whatisthemainideaofthisessay?
Doyouthinkthesubjectofhumannaturestilldeservesourcloseattentiontoday?
IsTwain’scondemnationofhumanbeingsinlinewiththeDarwiniantheoryofevolution?
Howdoestheauthorcometodoubtthis?
Isthattheresultofscientificexperiment?
IsMarkTwainseriouswhenhesaysthathehasdonemanymonthsofpainstakingandfatiguingworkintheLondonZoologicalGarden?
Whatkindofeffectdoyouthinkhehopestoachievewiththismockseriousness?
3.DoyoutakeMarkTwain’sviewsseriously?
WhydoyouthinkTwainwrotethisessay?
Doeshehaveanyseriouspurposeotherthanamusinghisreaders?
1.2Definethefollowingwordsandphrases
1.sport
2.loose
3.grace
4.confined
5.occasion
6.prior
7.unhumanly
8.distinction
9.subjectsth/sbtosth
10.havenotscrupledtodosth
11.cheatsboutofsth
2.1Abouttheauthor:
MarkTwain（1835---1910）wasbornSamuelLanghorneClementsinFlorida,Missouri,butlivedasachildinHannibal,Missouri,ontheMississippiRiver.HetookthepennameMarkTwainfromthecallofthepilotsontheriversteamers,whichindicatedthatthewaterwastwelvefeetdeep,asafedepthforasteamer.Duringhisearlyyears,heworkedasariverboatpilot,newspaperreporter,printer,andgoldprospector.Butthenheturnedtowriting,andbecameoneofthegreatestofAmericanwriters.
2.2Hismasterpiece:
InnocentsAbroad1869
TheAdventuresofTomSawyer1876
TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn1885
LifeontheMississippi1883
ThePrinceandthePauper1882
2.3Hiswritingstyle:
hilariouslyhumorous
bitterlysatirical
2.4Aboutthestory:
Theauthorwritesaboutuglyhumantraitsanddispositions.Inhisopinion,humanbeingsarenotascendedfromtheloweranimalsbutdescendedfromthehigheranimals.
1.Questionsforthinking:
a.Howdoestheauthorcontrasthumanbeingswithotheranimals?
Whatspecifichumantraitsanddispositionsdoeshecondemn?
Howwouldyoudescribetheimageofhumanbeingsintheauthor’swriting?
Andwhatargumentsdoestheauthorgivetosupporthisviews?
b.Whydoeshesaythatmanisthecruelanimal?
Whatexamplesdoeshegivetoillustratethepoint?
DoyouagreewithTwainthathumanbeingsarecruelwhereastigers,wolves,andanacondasarenot?
I.Introduction
:
Topicandcredibilityoftheauthor’sresearch（paras.1-3）
A.Topic
Thedescentofmanfromthehigheranimals（para.1）
B.Credibility
Theuseofscientificmethodandauthenticinstitutionwheretheexperimentswereconducted（para.2）
C.Acharacteristicexampleofhisexperiments（para.3）
II.Findingsaboutmanasagainsthigheranimals（paras.4-17）
A.Man’sgreed（para.4）
B.Man’simmorality（paras.5-8）
C.Man’scruelty（para.9）
D.Man’sinclinationforwars（paras.10-11）
E.Man’spositionofenslavingandbeingenslaved（para.12）
F.Man’shypocrisy（paras.13-15）
G.Man’sinabilitytolearntolivetogetherpeacefully（paras.16-17）
III.Conclusion
Restatementofthethesis（para.18）
Logic&
Technique
Themainbodyisarrangedaccordinglytothevarioustraitsanddispositionsofhumanbeingsascontrastedtothe“higheranimals.”However,inthesecondhalf,theauthorbeginstoadoptapolemictone.Heseemstobearguingwithpeoplewhobelieveinman’ssuperiority.NoticehowMarkTwainachieveshumor.Hetalkstongueincheekthroughouttheessay,usinghighlyexaggeratedandformalwordsandexpressionsasappropriatefortheacademicwritinghepretendstheessaytobe.Headoptsapompousstyleverydifferentfromtheusualcolloquialvernacularheisfamousfor,toridiculethosecriticswhosayMarkTwainlackspropereducation.
Relevantquestions:
1.Howisthisessayorganized?
Whatdevicesdoestheauthorusetomakethearticleinteresting?
Whatdoyouhavetosayaboutthedictionofthisessay?
MarkTwainisgenerallyknownforhisskilfuluseofthevernacular.Wouldyouconsiderthisessayagoodexample?
Isthisarticlewritteninacolloquialandinformalway?
Howwouldyouexplainhisadoptionofthisstyle?
2.DoyouagreewithMarkTwain?
Ifyouweretowriteinresponsetothisessaytoexpresssomedifferentopinions,whatwouldyousay?
3.1.3DetailedAnalysisofthetext
PartI:
MainIdea
Thisslightlyabridgedessayisorganizedlikeapapertoreportresultsofascientificexperiment.Ithasathesisstatementatthebeginningandabriefsumming-upattheend.Themainbodyisarrangedaccordingtothevariousstraitsanddispositionofhumanbeingsascontrastedtothe“higheranimals”.Howeverinthesecondpartofthebodytheauthorbeginstouseapolemictone.Heseemstobearguingwithpeoplewhobelieveinman’ssuperioritybecausetheycanreason,havemoralprinciplesandreligion,andlovetheirneighborsandcountry.
PartII:
Discussion
1.Howdoestheauthorcontrasthumanbeingswithotheranimals?
2.Whydoeshesaythatmanisthecruelanimal?
Conclusionofthetext:
ItiswrongtothinkthatMarkTwainispessimisticorcynical.Heisneither.Behindallthebitternessisawarmandhumanheart.MarkTwaindoesnotreallybelievethathumanbeingsareincurablycruel,greedyandwicked.Otherwisehewouldnothavebotheredtowritethoseessays.Hewritesaboutuglyhumantraitsanddispositionspreciselybecausehethinkshumanbeingsarecapableofmendingtheirwaysiftheycanopentheireyestotheirownweaknessesandunderstandtheconditionsthatgiverisetothemandnurturethem.Inotherwords,hispolicyistofrighteninordertoenlighten.
1.
Ihavebeenstudyingthetraitsanddispositionsofthe“loweranimals”,andcontrastingthemwiththetraitsanddispositionsofman.Ifindtheresulthumiliatingtome.
Ihavebeenstudyingthecharacteristicsoftheso-calledloweranimalsincomparisonwiththoseofman.Theresultofthisstudymakesme,asaman,feelterriblyashamed.
traitsanddispositions:
characteristics;
features;
nature;
qualities;
personalities
humiliating:
makingmefeelashamed;
embarrassing;
mortifying
Noticethetongue-in-cheekwaytheauthorexpresseshisideas.Hemakesitsoundasifhewereconductingandreportingontheresultofascientificinvestigation.Inotherwords,heisdeliberatelyusingapompousstyletoachievehumor.
2.
ForitobligesmetorenouncemyallegiancetotheDarwiniantheoryoftheAscentofManfromtheLowerAnimalsandtonameittheDescentofManfromtheHigherAnimals.
Becausetheresultofmystudyforcesmetogiveup（toabandon）myloyaltyto（firmbeliefin）Darwin’stheoryofevolutionandtochangethetheoryoftheAscentofManfromtheLowerAnimalstothetheoryoftheDescentofManfromtheHigherAnimals.
toobligesbtodosth:
toforcesbtodosth;
tomakeitnecessaryforsbtodosth
torenounce:
toabandonorgiveup;
torejectordisown
allegiance:
loyalty,esp.toanationoracause
3.Thatistosay,Ihavesubjectedeverypostulatethatpresenteditselftothecrucialtestofactualexperiment.
Inotherwords,Ihaveputeverytheoryorhypothesisthereistothedecisivete
升级会员 