高二下学期学业质量阳光指标调研英语试题Word格式文档下载.docx
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Itturnsoutonionsproduceachemicaltodefendthemselves.Tocutdownonitsrelease,freezetheonionbeforeslicing,thenuseasharpknifetoreducethedamagetotheonionandthereleaseofthechemical.
Cryingcanbegoodforyou.Somestudieshaveshownagoodcrycancausethereleaseofcertainchemicalsthatmakeusfeelbetter.Cryingcanalsoimprovepeople'
ssenseofwellbeingbybringingaboutsocialsupport.Ontheotherhand,cryingcansometimesmakeyoufeelworsethanifyouhaven'
tcriedatall.Onestudyfoundthatpeoplewhotendtocryingeneralmoreoftenfeelworseaftercryingduringamoviethanpeoplewhoseldomcry.
AccordingtoEntertainmentWeekly,thebiggestHollywoodtearjerkerofalltimeisTermsofEndearment,abouthowafamilydealswithacancerdiagnosis.Number2:
Bambi.AccordingtoMerriam-Webster,thetermtearjerkerfirstappearedin1912,whichhappenstobethesameyeartheTitanicsank.(ThemovieTitanicis16thonEW'
stearjerkerlist.)
Inmedieval(中世纪)times,cryingwasperfectlyacceptable,evenmanly.IntheAnglo-SaxonpoemBeowulf,whenBeowulfwaskilledbyadragon,hissoldierswereextremelysadandcriedaloudforhisdeath.KingArthurwasalsoknowntoturnonthewaterworks.
Speakingofwar,teargaswasbannedonthebattlefieldviatheChemicalWeaponsConventionof1993,whichwasmadetohappenbyIraq'
suseofchemicalweaponsinIraninthe1980s.Thatsaid,Americanpolicecanstilllegallyuseteargasforcrowdcontrol.
1.Whydopeoplehavetearswhilecuttingonions?
A.Becausetheyaresad.B.Becausetheireyesareaffectedbyachemical.
C.Becausetheyareover-joyed.D.Becausetheireyescan'
tmovesmoothly.
2.Theunderlinedword"
tearjerker"
inParagraph3probablyrefersto
A.apopularnewspaperB.atouchingmovie
C.adeadlydiseaseD.aninterestingbook
3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.Cryingisalwaysbeneficialtopeople.
B.Teargasisstrictlyforbiddeninanycaseafter1993.
C.Emotionaltearsonlyforminresponsetonegativefeelings.
D.Itissociallyacceptableformentocryinmedievaltimes.
4.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?
A.Aguidebook.B.Achemistrypaper.
C.Amedicalreport.D.Apopularsciencemagazine.
InJune1936,agreatnovelwaspublished.ItgavetheworldasenseoftheOldSouth,anunforgettableheroineand(inthemovieversion)theclassicphrase,"
Frankly,mydear,Idon'
tgiveitadamn.”
ThatbookisMargaretMitchell'
s(1900-1949)GoneWiththeWind,whichsoldonemillioncopiesinitsfirstsixmonths,wonthePulitzerPrizein1937andbroughtanexplosionofunexpectedandundesiredfametoitsauthor.Itisnotinrealitythesecondbest-sellingbookofall-time,behindonlytheBible,asgenerationsofAtlantanshaveclaimed,butitdoesstandasoneofthemostastonishingvictoriesinthehistoryofpublishing.Tobespecific,morethan30millioncopiesofthenovelareinprintworldwidenowadays.
Mitchell,aformernewspaperreporterwhousedtolistentoCivilWarstories,declaredherselftobethoroughlypuzzledbythepopularityheronlybookmetwith.Shethoughtitmightappealtoalimitedreadership,oratworstsellathousandcopiestofamilyandfriends.Instead,however,thebooknowhasmorethan1,000foreign-languageeditions.
“Itappealstodifferentculturesondifferentlevels,"
saysPamelaRoberts,whohadmadeafilmabouttheauthor."
Ontheonehand,it'
sagreatstorythatwinsoveryoungwomen'
sheartswiththischarmingheroineScarlettO'
Harawhodidthingsherway.Theotherappealisthethemeofsurvival.GoneWiththeWindhasinspiredpeoplearoundtheworldwhohavelivedthroughwarorsufferedundercruelgoverning."
Twoyearsafterthebookwaspublished,Mitchellwasaskedifshewaswritinganythingelse,orintendedto.Shesaidshehadbeensobusyansweringthephone,thedoorbellandherfanmailthatshehadnothadthetimeto.Sheaddedthat"
beingtheauthorofGoneWiththeWindisafull-timejob,andmostdaysitisanovertimejobfillingappointmentsandmeetingvisitors."
Thefamewhichcamewithherbookbroughtheraround$1,000,000inbookcopyrights.movierightsandotherrelatedreturnsinlessthanfouryears,butdisturbedherwayofliving.AskedaboutherambitionsattheheightofthefameofGoneWiththeWind,forsomeonewhohatedpublicity,Mitchellsaidthatshehopedtoputonweight,becomefatandaccessibleandgrowoldgracefully.
Thecommentwhichgreetedherworkwasnotallinpraise,althoughmuchofitwasapplauded.Whateverfuturegenerationsmaydecideastoitsvalue,Mitchellwroteabookwhichwasthemostoutstandingbestsellereverwrittenbyanunknownauthorofafirstnovel.
5.Whichofthefollowingsstatementsistrueastothesuccessofthenovel?
A.It'
sthesecondbest-sellingbookofalltime,behindonlytheBible.
B.It'
sthemostastonishingsuccessinthehistoryofpublishing.
C.Moreman30millioncopiesofthenovelweresoldinitsfirst6months.
D.Thenovelbroughtunexpectedandundesiredpopularitytoitsauthor.
6.HowdidMitchellfeelatthepopularityofthebook?
A.Delighted.B.Confused.
C.Relieved.D.Embarrassed.
7.Whatcontributestotheuniversalappealofthebook?
A.Thethemeofthenovelandthecharmoftheheroine.
B.ThefactthatthebookissetintheOldSouth.
C.Mitchell'
spersonalpopularityasanovelist.
D.Praisefromdifferentculturesondifferentlevels.
8.WecaninferfromthetextthatMargaretMitchell_______
A.isanambitiousnovelistB.enjoyspublicattention
C.isveryconfidentofhernovelD.desiresherusualwayofliving
9.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.MysterybehindMargaret'
sSuccessB.GonewiththeWind
C.SomeoneNeverGonewiththeWindD.ForeverHeroine:
ScarlettO'
Hara
LookingathispileofunpaidbillsalwaysmakesGiuseppeDelGiudicefeeluneasy.Moreoftenthannot,DelGiudiceleaveshispaperworkundoneandsweepsthefloororwatchesTVinstead,waitinguntilthelastmomenttowritethemonthlychecks.
Everyoneprocrastinates(拖延)."It'
spartofthehumancondition,"
saysprocrastinationresearcherTimPychyl,"
Oneofthewayswecopeisavoidance,andthat'
swhatprocrastinationcomesdownto:
Wewanttofeelgoodnow.Thewaytodothatisavoidthetask."
Youcanprocrastinateonnearlyanything,evenenjoyabletaskssuchasplanningavacation.
Onethatalmosteveryoneprocrastinatesonistheirwills.70to80percentofpeople,whentheypassaway,havenowilloranout-of-dateorincompletewill.Itleavesterriblesituations.Butdeathisn'
tactuallythecauseofavoidance.Researchhasshownthatthetoptaskspeopledelayarecleaning,advancingtheircareers,takingcareoftheirhealth,andplanningtheirfinances.
Somepeoplewelcomeprocrastination,believingthattheyperformbetterunderpressure.Butresearchersdon'
tagreewiththeidea.Ididanexperimentseveralyearsago,puttingprocrastinatorsunderrestrictionsoftime,"
saysJosephFerrari,apsychologyprofessoratDePaulUniversity."
Theydidworsethannonprocrastinators,buttheythoughttheydidbetter.Theymademoreerrors.Theytooklonger."
Whateverthemotivation,procrastinationisusuallynotgoingtobegoodforyou.Delayingadietorexerciseprogrammayincreaseyourriskofheartdisease.Nothavingseenthedoctorwhenyourillnesswaseasiertotreatmayshortenyourlife.Justthinkingaboutwhatyouhaven'
tdonemaycausediscomfort."
Procrastinatorshigherlevelsofanxiety,"
saysFuschiaSirois,apsychologylecturerattheofSheffield."
Someoftheresearchhasshownthatthisanxietyincreasestheirpossibilitycatchingcoldsandexperiencingmanyotherhealthproblems."
Forthoseofusinneedofmotivation,thebestadvicemightbetothinksmall.
"Weusedtobelievebehaviorsfollowattitude,butifyoucanstartwithalittlebitofprogress,thatmotivatesyou,Pychylsays.Soifyouhavebeenprocrastinatingonstartinganexerciseroutine,justputonyourwalkingshoes.Ifyou'
vebeenputtingoffaworkproject,rereadyourboss'
snotesaboutit.
Next,trysendingyourselfsignalstomotivateaction.Forinstance,youmightputyourlightsonatimeddimmerswitch(变光开关)toencourageafixedbedtime.JoelAnderson,aphilosophyresearcher-lectureratUtrechtUniversity,carriedoutanexperimentaroundthisconcept,anditworkedonmostofhissubjects."
Theyformedanintention,"
Andersonsays."Whenthelightsstarttodim,I'
llstartgoingtobed."
Finally,rewardyourselfforeachstepyoutaketowardyourgoal.Afteryou'
vegonetothegym,takearelaxingbath.Afteryou'
vepaidthebills,watchyourfavoriteTVshow.(Butdon'
ttrytoconvinceyourselfitwillworktheotherwayaround!
)
10.TheauthormentionsGiuseppeDelGiudiceatthebeginningto_________
A.provideasettingB.describethemaincharacter
C.introducethetopicD.explainaphenomenon
11.Procrastinationisdrivenbythedesire____
A.tofeelgoodforthemomentB.toavoidthetask
C.toleavethingstillthelastmomentD.tocarryoutenjoyableasksfirst
12.Whichofthefollowingarepeopleleastlikelytodelay?
A.Advancingtheircareers.B.Takingcareoftheirhealth.
C.Planningtheirfinances.D.Doingexercise.
13.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?
A.Consequencesofprocrastination.B.Significanceofprocrastination.
C.Motivationbehindprocrastination.D.Physicalproblemswithprocrastination.
14.Whichofthefollowingisawisechoiceforpeople