虚拟语气教案Word文档下载推荐.docx
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had+过去分词
should/would/could/might+have
+过去分词
与现在事实would/should/could/might+动词
相反were）
一般过去时（be用
原形
与将来事实
一般过去时或
should（wereto）+动词
Would/should/cold/might+动词
有时侯在使用时可省略if,句子则可换成下列形式，即“were/had/should+
主语”。
WereIaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.
Hadhetakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceeded.
Wereitnotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoBritain.
2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句
（1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。
①“wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是,,就好了”等。
表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；
表示将来不能实现
的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could+动词原形”；
表示过去不能实现
的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”或“could（should）+have+
过去分词”。
Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.
IwishIhadknowntheanswer.
IwishIcouldflylikeabird.
11
②在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、recommend
demand、require、insist.request、urgeadvocateintendcomman、dorder
等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形或是动词原形。
Shesuggestedwe（should）leavehereatonce.
Thedoctororderedsheshouldbeoperated.
wouldrather后的宾语从句用wouldhavedone表示过去未曾实现的想
法/愿望，用woulddo/be表示现在/将来未曾实现的想法和愿望。
Iwouldrather
youhadcomehereyesterday.
IwouldratheryouwouldbeinShanghaitomorrow.
（2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。
作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、
proposal、suggestion、recommendationrequest等的表语从句和同位语从句，
从句中的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”。
Hissuggestionthatwe（should）gotoShanghaiiswonderful.
Myideaisthatthey（should）pay100dollars.
（3）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。
在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should+动词原形”的结构，表
示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。
Itisnecessary（important,natural,strange,etc.）thatweshould
cleantheroomeveryday.
Itwasapity（ashame,nowonder,etc.）thatyoushouldbesocareless.
Itwillbedesired（suggested,decided,ordered,requested,proposed,
etc.）thatsheshouldfinishherhomeworkthisafternoon.
注意：
这种从句表示的是事实。
如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就
可用虚拟语气。
反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。
Itispitythatyoucan’tswim.
3、虚拟语气在其他场合的运用
（1）虚拟语气在asif/asthough、evenif/eventhough等引导的表语从
句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；
指现在状况，
则用一般过去时；
指将来状况则用过去将来时。
Hediditasifhewereanexpert.
Evenifshewerehere,shecouldnotsolvetheproblem.
（2）虚拟语气用于定语从句中。
这种从句常用于句型“Itis（high/about）time（that）,”中，定语从
句的谓语动词用一般过去时（be用were）或should+动词原形，意思是“（现在）
该,,”。
It’stimethatIpickedupmydaughter./It’shightimeweweregoing.
（3）虚拟语气用在ifonly（要是。
。
就好了）引导的感叹句中。
IfonlyIwereabird./IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice.
（4）在wouldyoumindif句中用过去式
Wouldyoumindifyouopenedthewind?
（5）虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。
①情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语
气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。
Itwouldbebetterforyounottostayuptoolate.
Wouldyoubekindenoughtoclosethedoor?
②用于一些习惯表达法中。
Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?
Iwouldrathernottellyou.
③在表示祝愿的句中用一般现在时Longliveourfriendship!
选择填空
1.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_______.（NMET
95）
A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken
解析：
答案为C。
本题考查的是asif引导的让步状语从句中的语气问题，as
if引导的状语从句如果与事实一致，不用虚拟语气，如果与事实相反，应用虚拟
语气。
题中“当铅笔的一部分浸在水中，铅笔看上去好像断了”。
而实际上铅笔
并未断，与事实相反，前半部分陈述是一般现在时，因而本句是对一般现在时的
虚拟，用werebroken。
2.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe___________,shewouldhave
metmybrother.（NMET94）
A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome解析：
答案为D。
本题考查的是if条件句中的虚拟语气。
题意是：
我在会议
上没看到你姐姐，故你姐姐没来。
因此如果“她来了”与事实相反，前面一句交
代了虚拟语气的时态是一般过去时的虚拟，所以if从句中用had+过去分词。
3.—Ifhe___________,he________thatfood.
—Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.（NMET93）
A.waswarned;
wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;
wouldnothavetaken
C.wouldbewarned;
hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;
hadnottaken解析：
答案为B。
本题考查的是条件状语从句与主句表示与事实相反时虚拟
语气的用法。
根据下一句语境可知，他事先并没有得到警告，表示过去时间的虚
拟语气，故选B。
4.Mr.Whiteat8:
30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.
A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarrive
C.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving
答案为A。
本题考虚拟语气及责备的用法，全句意为：
Mr.white8:
30
（原本）应该到会的，但他没露面。
全句谈的是过去的事，故应使用shouldhave
done结构，表原本该做而没做的事。
5.—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.
—Youherlastweek.
A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhave
told
本题考查情态动词用法，should（oughtto）havedone表
示说话人对发生的事性“责备”故选D。
6.—Let’sgoandhaveagooddrinktonight.
—Haveyougotthefirstprizeinthecompetition?
A.Whatfor?
B.Thanksalot.C.Yes,I’dliketo.D.Whynot?
虚拟语气专项练习
1．Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we__________allright.
A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.maybe
7.________morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.
A.IfthecaptainwereB.Hadthecaptainbeen
C.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen
8.Ifhe_________metomorrow,Iwouldlethimknow.
A.shouldcallB.shouldnothavebeenable
C.werenotableD.arenotable
9.Ifyouaskedyourfather,you______________permission.
A.maygetB.mightgetC.shouldhavecalledD.maybeget
10._____________today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.
A.WouldheleaveB.washeleaving
C.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves
11.______Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.
A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were
12.Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,hadtheybeendonebyhand,__________all
practicalvaluebythetimetheywerefinished.
A.couldloseB.wouldhavelost
C.mightloseD.oughttohavelost
13.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,he____________our
chairmannow.
A.musthavebeenB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.wouldbe
14.Ifyou________________JerryBrownuntilrecently,you’tdhinkthephotograph
ontherightwasstrange.
A.shouldn’tcontactB.didn’tcontact
C.weren’ttocontactD.hadn’tcontacted
15._________heEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday
A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor
16.LookattheterriblesituationIamin!
IfonlyI_________youradvice
A.followB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.havefollowed
17.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,he______ourchairmannow.
A.musthavebeenB.wouldhavebeen
C.wereD.hadn’tcontacted
18.Ifthehorsewontoday,it_____________thirtyracesinfiveyears.
A.wouldhavewonB.wonC.musthavewonD.didhavewon
19.Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,_______a
suddenloudnoise.
A.beingthereB.shouldtherebe
C.therewasD.therehavingbeen
17.Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospital,haditbeenatallpossible,butI
______fullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.
A.wereB.hadbeenC.havebeenD.was
18.IapologizeifI__________you,butIassureyouitwasunintentiona无l（意的）.
A.offendB.hadoffended
C.shouldhaveoffendedD.mighthaveoffended
19.Ifyouhadn’ttakensuchalongtimetogetdressed,we’d_________therebyn
A.beB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling
20.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesun
________roundtheearth.
A.werecirclingB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling
21.IwishthatI_______________withyoulastnight.
A.wentB.havegoneC.couldgoD.couldhavegone
22.IwishI___________withher.
A.wouldbeB.amC.wasD.were
23.IwishthatI_____________theconcertlastnight.
A.couldB.haveattendedC.couldhaveattendedD.attended
24.Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishI_______________toit.
A.hadnotgoneB.havenotgone
C.didnotgoD.cannothavegone
25.“Iwishyou___________metoputthesethingsaway,”hesaid.
A.willhelpB.helpC.arehelpingD.wouldhelp
26.IftheWatergateIncident___Nixonwouldnothaveresignedfromthepresidency.
A.didnotoccurB.hadnotoccurred
C.wasnotoccurringD.becircling
27.Ihadn’texpected________JamestoapologizebutIhadhoped.
A.himcallingmeB.thathewouldcallme
C.himtocallmeD.thathecallme
28.Georgewouldcertainlyhaveattendedthemeeting,____________________.
A.ifhedidn’tgetaflattireB.iftheflattirehadn’thappened
C.hadhenothadaflattireD.hadthetirenotflatteneditself
29.Theteachersuggestedthatherstudents_____________experienceswithE.SP
A.writeacompositionontheirB.towritecompositionaboutthe
C.wrotesomecompositionsofhisorherD.hadwrittenanycompositionsforhis
20.HespeaksChineseasfluentlyasifhe______________aChinese.
A.wereB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen
21.Asusual,heputonashowasthoughhistrip____agreatsuccess.
A.hadbeenB.hasbeenC.wereD.was
22.Lookingroundthetown,hefeltasthoughhe______________awayforages.
A.hasbeenB.wasC.isD.hadbeen
23.Johnissostronglybuiltthathelooksasifhe______aselephant.
A.liftsB.isliftingC.liftedD.couldlift
24.Hedescribedthetownasifhe_____________ithimself.
A.hadseenB.hasseenC.sawD.sees
25.Atthatthoughtheshookhimself,asthoughhe_________fromanevildream.
A.wokeB.
升级会员 