中考常考的语法知识点new.docx

中考常考的语法知识点new.docx

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中考常考的语法知识点new

2019-2020年中考常考的语法知识点new

一．冠词

1.anumbrella,anuncle,anunpleasanttrip,anunusualboy,anuglygirl,anMP3，anIphone5s

2.auniform,auniversity,aunit,aUFO,ausefulbook,aEuropeancountry,anAsiancountry

3.anhour,anhonestboy（h不发音）

4.an“a”（e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x）,a“b”（c,d,g,j,k,p,q,t,u,v,w,y,z）

5.（无冠词）Children’sDay,MayDay,theSpringFestival

6.序数词和最高级前要用the:

thefirstlesson,thethirdclass,themostexercitingmovie

7.独一无二的事物和江湖海前用the:

themoon,theearth,thesun,theChangjingRiver

8.aone-year-oldbaby,aneight-year-oldboy,aneleven-year-oldgirl

9.—IlostthebookIboughtlastweek.—Isitablackone?

10.DoyouknowtheboynexttoMary/themaninwhite?

11.序数词和最高级前如有名词所有格或物主代词不加the:

LiLeiismyfirstChinesefriendandheisalsomybestfriend.

二．名词

1.名词单复数:

（单复数同形）manysheep,afewdeer,severalJapanese,threeChinese,ninefish

（不规则变化）afewgeese,twomice,somechildren,tenfeet,fiveteeth

radios,photos,pianos,zoos;potatoes,tomatoes,heroes,Negroes

2.名词所有格:

TomandMary’sfather,Tom’sandMary’sfathers

thekeytothedoor,theanswertothequestion,thetickettotheconcert,

thewaytothebank

Teachers’Day,Mother’sDay,Women’sDay

tenminutes’walk=aten-minutewalk,afive-dayholiday=fivedays’holiday,

havefivedaysoff

3.不可数名词:

weather、news、information、advice、music、fun、room（空间）、work

（不可数名词前不可加a,an,感叹句中也不能有a,an）（可数:

amessage,anewspaper）

Thereisanorange（橙子）onthetable.twobottlesoforange（橙汁）

anorange（橙色）dress

4.名词作定语:

shoeshops,clothesshops,girlstudents,womendoctors,mennurses,sportsshoes

5.threeEnglishmen/Frenchmen,afewGermans,manyAmericans

6.apieceofbreadaboxoforangesapairofshoes

fourpiecesofbreadtwoboxesoforangesfivepairsofshoes

7.名词可数和不可数时意思不一样：

chicken（鸡肉；小鸡）life（生活；生命lives）,orange（橙汁；橙子）

8.（本身是复数）twopeople,police,

（总是用复数）manyclothes,apairoftrousers,vegetables

三．数词:

1.thousandsof,threethousand,hundredsof,fourhundred,millionsof,sixmillion

2.（分数表达：

分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于一，分母复数）

onefifth五分之一,twothirds三分之二,threequarters四分之三

3.特殊的序数词:

first,second,third,twelfth,twentieth,nine-nineteen-ninety-ninth,

four-fourth-fourteen-forty-fortieth

4.时间表达:

6:

45sixforty-five,aquartertoseven6:

15sixfifteen,aquarterpast6

5.inthe1860s/1860’s（19世纪60年代）,inherforties（在她四十多岁时）

6.序数词要与the连用：

thefirstone,如前面有名词所有格或物主代词就不用the：

hiseighthbirthday

7.BusNo.112；thesecondlesson,LessonTwo;Room308,thetwenty-firstcentury

8.anothertwoboys=twomoreboys再多要两个男孩

9.attheageoftwelve/fifteen（基数词）

10.twohoursandahalf=twoandahalfhours，onehourandahalf=oneandahalfhours

11.a+序数词：

再一；又一个asecondchance=anotherchance再一次机会

四．代词

1.人称代词:

主格：

Iyouhesheweyouthey

meyouhimherusyouthem

句首做主语要用主格，动词和介词后做宾语要用宾格。

SheteachesmeEnglish.

物主代词：

形容词性物主代词：

myyourhisherouryourtheir

名词性物主代词：

mineyourshishersoursyourstheirs

形容词性物主代词后面接名词，名词性物主代词后面不加名词。

反身代词：

I-myself,you-yourself/yourselves,he-himself,she-herself,we-ourselves,they-themselves

2.his,hers,mine:

Hiswatchisnew.Itisn’this.afriendofmine/hers/LiMing’s

Thebookbelongstohim.=Thebookishis.

3.疑问代词:

howsoon---in;howoften---seldom,twiceamonth,everyday,everyfouryears

howlong---（for）amonth/since1998

howfar---tenkilometers（awayfrom）,tenminutes’walk/drive,fiveminutesonfoot

4.whattodo;howtodoit

5.what没范围,which有范围

Myfather’sbirthdayiscoming.Idon’tknowwhattobuyforhim.

Therearemanykindsofcamerashere.Idon’tknowwhichtobuy.

6.all/both/none/neither/any/either的区别:

all表三个或三个以上的全部都，none表三个或三个以上全部都不……

both表两个都，neither表两个都不

either表两者之一，either/each/neither+单数名词，all/both+复数名词

Bothofthetwinsareteachers,butneitherofthemlikesteaching.

AllofthedoctorshavetolearnFrench,butnoneofthemlikesit.

Therearemanytalltreesonthebothsides/eitherside/eachsideoftheroad/river.

other,theother,others,theothers,another:

other+名词复数，some…others,（two）one…theother，another+名词单数

Thisshirtistoosmall,couldyougivemeaanotherone.

Theshoesarenice,Iwanttobuyanotherpair.（复数用pair,单数用one）

7.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinDongguan.

ThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthanthatofJapan.

ThestudentsinDongguanisbetterthanthose/theonesinBeijing.

8.Wefound/thoughtit（was）interestingtolearnEnglish.

9.肯定：

alittlemoneyafewsheep否定：

littlewaterfewstudents

10.Therearesomepeopleintheroom.Therearen’tanystudentsintheclassroom.

Wouldyoulikesomebread?

10.ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.（范围内，除去自己本身）

ShanghaiislargerthananycityinJapan.（范围外）

11.somethingspecialnothingseriousanything/whatelse

12.指示代词的形式：

this（单数）---these（复数）,that（单数）---thos