TED英语演讲稿让我们来谈谈死亡Word格式文档下载.docx

TED英语演讲稿让我们来谈谈死亡Word格式文档下载.docx

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我们无法控制死亡的到来，但也许我们可以选择用何种态度来面对它。

特护专家petersaul博士希望通过演讲帮助人们弄清临终者真正的意愿，并选择适当的方式去面对。

　　look,ihadsecondthoughts,really,aboutwhethericouldtalkaboutthistosuchavitalandaliveaudienceasyouguys.thenirememberedthequotefromgloriasteinem,whichgoes,"

thetruthwillsetyoufree,butfirstitwillpissyouoff."

（laughter）so--（laughter）

　　sowiththatinmind,imgoingtosetabouttryingtodothosethingshere,andtalkaboutdyinginthe21stcentury.nowthefirstthingthatwillpissyouoff,undoubtedly,isthatallofusare,infact,goingtodieinthe21stcentury.therewillbenoexceptionstothat.thereare,apparently,aboutoneineightofyouwhothinkyoureimmortal,onsurveys,but--（laughter）unfortunately,thatisntgoingtohappen.

　　whileigivethistalk,inthenext10minutes,ahundredmillionofmycellswilldie,andoverthecourseoftoday,2,000ofmybraincellswilldieandnevercomeback,soyoucouldarguethatthedyingprocessstartsprettyearlyinthepiece.

　　anyway,thesecondthingiwanttosayaboutdyinginthe21stcentury,apartfromitsgoingtohappentoeverybody,isitsshapinguptobeabitofatrainwreckformostofus,unlesswedosomethingtotryandreclaimthisprocessfromtheratherinexorabletrajectorythatitscurrentlyon.

　　sothereyougo.thatsthetruth.nodoubtthatwillpissyouoff,andnowletsseewhetherwecansetyoufree.idontpromiseanything.now,asyouheardintheintro,iworkinintensivecare,andithinkivekindoflivedthroughtheheydayofintensivecare.itsbeenaride,man.thishasbeenfantastic.wehavemachinesthatgoping.theresmanyofthemupthere.andwehavesomewizardtechnologywhichithinkhasworkedreallywell,andoverthecourseofthetimeiveworkedinintensivecare,thedeathrateformalesinaustraliahashalved,andintensivecarehashadsomethingtodowiththat.certainly,alotofthetechnologiesthatweusehavegotsomethingtodowiththat.

　　sowehavehadtremendoussuccess,andwekindofgotcaughtupinourownsuccessquiteabit,andwestartedusingexpressionslike"

lifesaving."

ireallyapologizetoeverybodyfordoingthat,becauseobviously,wedont.whatwedoisprolongpeopleslives,anddelaydeath,andredirectdeath,butwecant,strictlyspeaking,savelivesonanysortofpermanentbasis.

　　andwhatsreallyhappenedovertheperiodoftimethativebeenworkinginintensivecareisthatthepeoplewhoseliveswestartedsavingbackinthe70s,80s,and90s,arenowcomingtodieinthe21stcenturyofdiseasesthatwenolongerhavetheanswerstoinquitethewaywedidthen.

　　sowhatshappeningnowistheresbeenabigshiftinthewaythatpeopledie,andmostofwhattheyredyingofnowisntasamenabletowhatwecandoaswhatitusedtobelikewheniwasdoingthisinthe80sand90s.

　　sowekindofgotabitcaughtupwiththis,andwehaventreallysquaredwithyouguysaboutwhatsreallyhappeningnow,anditsabouttimewedid.ikindofwokeuptothisbitinthelate90swhenimetthisguy.thisguyiscalledjim,jimsmith,andhelookedlikethis.iwascalleddowntothewardtoseehim.hisisthelittlehand.iwascalleddowntothewardtoseehimbyarespiratoryphysician.hesaid,"

look,theresaguydownhere.hesgotpneumonia,andhelookslikeheneedsintensivecare.hisdaughtershereandshewantseverythingpossibletobedone."

whichisafamiliarphrasetous.soigodowntothewardandseejim,andhisskinhistranslucentlikethis.youcanseehisbonesthroughtheskin.hesvery,verythin,andheis,indeed,verysickwithpneumonia,andhestoosicktotalktome,soitalktohisdaughterkathleen,andisaytoher,"

didyouandjimevertalkaboutwhatyouwouldwantdoneifheendedupinthiskindofsituation?

"

andshelookedatmeandsaid,

　　"

no,ofcoursenot!

ithought,"

okay.takethissteady."

andigottalkingtoher,andafterawhile,shesaidtome,"

youknow,wealwaysthoughttheredbetime."

　　jimwas94.（laughter）andirealizedthatsomethingwasnthappeninghere.therewasntthisdialoguegoingonthatiimaginedwashappening.soagroupofusstarteddoingsurveywork,andwelookedatfourandahalfthousandnursinghomeresidentsinnewcastle,inthenewcastlearea,anddiscoveredthatonlyoneinahundredofthemhadaplanaboutwhattodowhentheirheartsstoppedbeating.oneinahundred.andonlyonein500ofthemhadplanaboutwhattodoiftheybecameseriouslyill.andirealized,ofcourse,thisdialogueisdefinitelynotoccurringinthepublicatlarge.

　　now,iworkinacutecare.thisisjohnhunterhospital.andithought,surely,wedobetterthanthat.soacolleagueofminefromnursingcalledlisashawandiwentthroughhundredsandhundredsofsetsofnotesinthemedicalrecordsdepartmentlookingatwhethertherewasanysignatallthatanybodyhadhadanyconversationaboutwhatmighthappentothemifthetreatmenttheywerereceivingwasunsuccessfultothepointthattheywoulddie.andwedidntfindasinglerecordofanypreferenceaboutgoals,treatmentsoroutcomesfromanyofthesetsofnotesinitiatedbyadoctororbyapatient.

　　sowestartedtorealizethatwehadaproblem,andtheproblemismoreseriousbecauseofthis.

　　whatweknowisthatobviouslyweareallgoingtodie,buthowwedieisactuallyreallyimportant,obviouslynotjusttous,butalsotohowthatfeaturesinthelivesofallthepeoplewholiveonafterwards.howwedielivesoninthemindsofeverybodywhosurvivesus,andthestresscreatedinfamiliesbydyingisenormous,andinfactyougetseventimesasmuchstressbydyinginintensivecareasbydyingjustaboutanywhereelse,sodyinginintensivecareisnotyourtopoptionifyouvegotachoice.

　　and,ifthatwasntbadenough,ofcourse,allofthisisrapidlyprogressingtowardsthefactthatmanyofyou,infact,aboutonein10ofyouatthispoint,willdieinintensivecare.intheu.s.,itsoneinfive.inmiami,itsthreeoutoffivepeopledieinintensivecare.sothisisthesortofmomentumthatwevegotatthemoment.

　　thereasonwhythisisallhappeningisduetothis,andidohavetotakeyouthroughwhatthisisabout.thesearethefourwaystogo.sooneofthesewillhappentoallofus.theonesyoumayknowmostaboutaretheonesthatarebecomingincreasinglyofhistoricalinterest:

suddendeath.itsquitelikelyinanaudiencethissizethiswonthappentoanybodyhere.suddendeathhasbecomeveryrare.thedeathoflittlenellandcordeliaandallthatsortofstuffjustdoesnthappenanymore.thedyingprocessofthosewithterminalillnessthatwevejustseenoccurstoyoungerpeople.bythetimeyouvereached80,thisisunlikelytohappentoyou.onlyonein10peoplewhoareover80willdieofcancer.

　　thebiggrowthindustryarethese.whatyoudieofisincreasingorganfailure,withyourrespiratory,cardiac,renal,whateverorganspackingup.eachofthesewouldbeanadmissiontoanacutecarehospital,attheendofwhich,oratsomepointduringwhich,somebodysays,enoughisenough,andwestop.

　　andthisonesthebiggestgrowthindustryofall,andatleastsixoutof10ofthepeopleinthisroomwilldieinthisform,whichisthedwindlingofcapacitywithincreasingfrailty,andfrailtysaninevitablepartofaging,andincreasingfrailtyisinfactthemainthingthatpeopledieofnow,andthelastfewyears,orthelastyearofyourlifeisspentwithagreatdealofdisability,unfortunately.

　　enjoyingitsofar?

（laughs）（laughter）sorry,ijustfeelsucha,ifeelsuchacassandrahere.（laughter）

　　whatcanisaythatspositive?

whatspositiveisthatthisishappeningatverygreatage,now.weareall,mostofus,livingtoreachthispoint.youknow,historically,wedidntdothat.thisiswhathappenstoyouwhenyoulivetobeagreatage,andunfortunately,increasinglongevitydoesmeanmoreoldage,notmoreyouth.imsorrytosaythat.（laughter）whatwedid,anyway,look,whatwedid,wedidntjusttakethislyingdownatjohnhunterhospitalandelsewhere.wevestartedawholeseriesofprojectstotryandlookaboutwhetherwecould,infact,involvepeoplemuchmoreinthewaythatthingshappentothem.butwerealized,ofcourse,thatwearedealingwithculturalissues,andthisis,ilovethisklimtpainting,becausethemoreyoulookatit,themoreyoukindofgetthewholeissuethatsgoingonhere,whichisclearlytheseparationofdeathfromtheliving,andthefear—like,ifyouactuallylook,theresonewomantherewhohashereyesopen.shestheoneheslookingat,and[shes]theonehescomingfor.canyouseethat?

shelooksterrified.itsanamazingpicture.

　　anyway,wehadamajorculturalissue.clearly,peopledidntwantustotalkaboutdeath,or,wethoughtthat.sowithloadsoffundingfromthefederalgovernmentandthelocalhealthservice,weintroducedathingatjohnhuntercalledrespectingpatientchoices.wetrainedhundredsofpeopletogotothewardsandtalktopeopleaboutthefactthattheywoulddie,andwhatwouldtheypreferunderthosecircumstances.theylovedit.thefamiliesandthepatients,theylovedit.ninety-eightpercentofpeoplereallythoughtthisjustshouldhavebeennormalpractice,andthatthisishowthingsshouldwork.andwhentheyexpressedwishes,allofthosewishescametrue,asitwere.wewereabletomakethathappenforthem.butthen,whenthefundingranout,wewentbacktolooksixmonthslater,andeverybodyhadstoppedagain,andnobodywashavingtheseconversationsanymore.sothatwasreallykindofheartbreakingforus,becausewethoughtthiswasgoingtoreallytakeoff.theculturalissuehadreasserteditself.

　　soheresthepitch:

ithinkitsimportantthatwedontjustgetonthisfreewaytoicuwithoutthinkinghardaboutwhetherornotthatswhereweallwanttoendup,particularlyaswebecomeolderandincreasinglyfrailandicuhaslessandlessandlesstoofferus.therehastobealittlesideroadoffthereforpeoplewhodontwanttogoonthattrack.andihaveonesmallidea,andonebigideaaboutwhatcouldhappen.

　　andthisisthesmallidea.thesmallideais,letsallofusengagemorewiththisinthewaythatjasonhasillustrated.whycantwehavethesekindsofconversationswithourowneldersandpeoplewhomightbeapproachingthis?

thereareacoupleofthingsyoucando.oneofthemis,youcan,justaskthissimplequestion.thisquestionneverfails."

intheeventthatyoubecametoosicktospeakforyourself,whowouldyouliketospeakforyou?

thatsareallyimportantquestiontoaskpeople,becausegivingpeoplethecontroloverwhothatisproducesanamazingoutcome.thesecondthingyoucansayis,"

haveyouspokentothatpersonaboutthethingsthatareimportanttoyousothatwevegotabetterideaofwhatitiswecando?

sothatsthelittleidea.

　　thebigidea,ithink,ismorepolitical.ithinkwehavetogetontothis.isuggestedweshouldhaveoccupydeath.（laughter）mywifesaid,"

yeah,right,sit-insinthemortuary.yeah,yeah.sure."

（laughter）sothatonedidntreallyrun,butiwasverystruckbythis.now,imanaginghippie.idontknow,idontthinkilooklikethatanymore,butihad,twoofmykidswerebornathomeinthe80swhenhomebirthwasabigthing,andwebabyboomersareusedtotakingchargeofthesituation,soifyoujustreplaceallthesewordsofbirth,ilike"

peace,love,naturaldeath"

asanoption.idothinkwehavetogetpoliticalandstarttoreclaimthisprocessfromthemedicalizedmodelinwhichitsgoing.

　　now,listen,thatsoundslikeapitchforeuthanasia.iwanttomakeitabsolutelycrystalcleartoyouall,ihateeuthanasia.ithinkitsasideshow.idontthinkeuthanasiamatters.iactuallythinkthat,inplaceslikeoregon,whereyoucanhavephysician-assisted