Human Rights Record of United States in文档格式.docx

Human Rights Record of United States in文档格式.docx

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DemonstratorsinorangejumpsuitsandhoodsfileinforarallytourgeUSPresidentBarackObamatoclosetheUS-controlleddetentioncenterinGuantanamoBay,Cuba,onits9thanniversaryinWashingtononJan11.Filephoto

Editor'

snote:

China'

sInformationOfficeoftheStateCouncil,orcabinet,publishedareporttitled"

TheHumanRightsRecordoftheUnitedStatesin2010"

onSunday.Followingisthefulltext:

TheStateDepartmentoftheUnitedStatesreleaseditsCountryReportsonHumanRightsPracticesfor2010onApril8,2011.Asinpreviousyears,thereportsarefullofdistortionsandaccusationsofthehumanrightssituationinmorethan190countriesandregionsincludingChina.However,theUnitedStatesturnedablindeyetoitsownterriblehumanrightssituationandseldommentionedit.TheHumanRightsRecordoftheUnitedStatesin2010ispreparedtourgetheUnitedStatestofaceuptoitsownhumanrightsissues.

I.OnLife,PropertyandPersonalSecurity

TheUnitedStatesreportstheworld'

shighestincidenceofviolentcrimes,anditspeople'

slives,propertiesandpersonalsecurityarenotdulyprotected.

Everyyear,oneoutofeveryfivepeopleisavictimofacrimeintheUnitedStates.Noothernationonearthhasaratethatishigher（10FactsAboutCrimeintheUnitedStatesthatWillBlowYourMind,B）.In2009,anestimated4.3millionviolentcrimes,15.6millionpropertycrimesand133,000personaltheftswerecommittedagainstUSresidentsaged12orolder,andtheviolentcrimeratewas17.1victimizationsper1,000persons,accordingtoareportpublishedbytheUSDepartmentofJusticeonOct13,2010（CriminalVictimization2009,USDepartmentofJustice,www.ojp.usdoj.gov）.ThecrimeratesurgedinmanycitiesintheUS.St.LouisinMissourireportedmorethan2,070violentcrimesper100,000residents,makingitthenation'

smostdangerouscity（TheAssociatedPress,Nov22,2010）.Detroitresidentsexperiencedmorethan15,000violentcrimeseachyear,whichmeansthecityhas1,600violentcrimesper100,000residents.TheUnitedStates'

fourbigcities-Philadelphia,Chicago,LosAngelesandNewYork-reportedincreasesinmurdersin2010fromthepreviousyear（USAToday,December5,2010）.Twenty-fivemurdercasesoccurredinLosAngelesCountyinaweekfromMarch29toApril4,2010;

andinthefirsthalfof2010,373peoplewerekilledinmurdersinLosAngelesCounty（www.lapdonline.org）.AsofNov11,NewYorkCitysaw464homicidecases,up16percentfromthe400reportedatthesametimelastyear（TheWashingtonPost,Nov12,2010）.

TheUSexercisedlaxcontrolonthealreadyrampantgunownership.ReutersreportedonNov10,2010thattheUnitedStatesranksfirstintheworldintermsofthenumberofprivately-ownedguns.Some90millionpeopleownanestimated200milliongunsintheUnitedStates,whichhasapopulationofabout300million.TheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStatesruledonJune28,2010thatthesecondamendmentoftheUSConstitutiongivesAmericanstherighttobeararmsthatcannotbeviolatedbystateandlocalgovernments,thusextendingtheAmericans'

rightstoownagunforself-defensepurposestotheentirecountry（TheWashingtonPost,June29,2010）.FourUSstates-Tennessee,Arizona,GeorgiaandVirginia-allowloadedgunsinbars.And18otherstatesallowweaponsinrestaurantsthatservealcohol（TheNewYorkTimes,Oct3,2010）.Tennesseehasnearly300,000handgunpermitholders.TheWashingtonTimesreportedonJune7,2010thatinNovember2008,atotalof450,000morepeopleintheUnitedStatespurchasedfirearmsthanhadboughttheminNovember2007.Thiswasamorethan10-foldincrease,comparedwiththechangeinsalesfromNovember2007overNovember2006.FromNovember2008toOctober2009,almost2.5millionmorepeopleboughtgunsthanhaddonesointhepreceding12months（TheWashingtonTimes,June7,2010）.ThefrequentcampusshootingsincollegesintheUnitedStatescametothespotlightinrecentyears.TheUnitedKingdom'

sDailyTelegraphreportedonFeb21,2011thatanewlawthatlookscertaintopassthroughthelegislatureinTexas,theUnitedStates,wouldallowhalfamillionstudentsandteachersinits38publiccollegestocarrygunsoncampus.Itwouldbecomeonlythesecondstate,afterUtah,toenforcesucharule.

TheUnitedStateshadhighincidenceofgun-relatedblood-shedcrimes.Statisticsshowedtherewere12,000gunmurdersayearintheUnitedStates（TheNewYorkTimes,Sept26,2010）.FiguresreleasedbytheUSDepartmentofJusticeonOct13,2010showedweaponswereusedin22percentofallviolentcrimesintheUnitedStatesin2009,andabout47percentofrobberieswerecommittedwitharms（www.ojp.usdoj.gov,Oct13,2010）.OnMarch30,2010,fivemenkilledfourpeopleandseriouslyinjuredfiveothersinadeadlydrive-byshooting（TheWashingtonPost,April27,2010）.InApril,sixseparateshootingsoccurredovernight,leaving16totalpeopleshot,twofatally（）.OnApril3,adeadlyshootingatarestaurantinNorthHollywood,LosAngeles,leftfourpeopledeadandtwootherswounded（,April4,2010）.Onepersonwaskilledand21otherswoundedinseparateshootingsaroundChicagoroughlybetweenMay29and30（,May30,2010）.InJune,52peoplewereshotataweekendinChicago（,June21,2010）.ThreepoliceofficerswereshotdeadbyassailantsinthethreemonthsfromMaytoJuly（ChicagoTribune,July19,2010）.

Atotalof303peoplewereshotand33ofthemwerekilledinChicagointhe31daysofJulyin2010.BetweenNov5and8,fourpeoplewerekilledandatleastfiveothersinjuredinseparateshootingsinOakland（WorldJournal,Nov11,2010）.OnNov30,a15-year-oldboyinMarinetteCounty,Wisconsin,tookhisteacherand24classmateshostageatgunpoint（abcNews,Nov30,2010）.OnJan8,2011,adeadlyrampagecriticallywoundedUSRep.GabrielleGiffords.Sixpeoplewerekilledand12othersinjuredintheattack（LosAngelesTimes,Jan9,2011）.

II.OnCivilandPoliticalRights

IntheUnitedStates,theviolationofcitizens'

civilandpoliticalrightsbythegovernmentissevere.

Citizen'

sprivacyhasbeenundermined.AccordingtofiguresreleasedbytheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnion（ACLU）inSeptember2010,morethan6,600travelershadbeensubjecttoelectronicdevicesearchesbetweenOct1,2008andJune2,2010,nearlyhalfofthemAmericancitizens.AreportonTheWallStreetJournalonSept7,2010,saidtheDepartmentofHomelandSecurity（DHS）wassuedoveritspoliciesthatallegedlyauthorizethesearchandseizureoflaptops,cellphonesandotherelectronicdeviceswithoutareasonablesuspicionofwrongdoing.ThepolicieswereclaimedtoleavenolimitonhowlongtheDHScankeepatraveler'

sdevicesoronthescopeofprivateinformationthatcanbesearched,copiedordetained.Thereisnoprovisionforjudicialapprovalorsupervision.WhenColombianjournalistHollmanMorrissoughtaUSstudentvisasohecouldtakeafellowshipforjournalistsatHarvardUniversity,hisapplicationwasdeniedonJuly17,2010,ashewasineligibleunderthe"

terroristactivities"

sectionoftheUSAPatriotAct.AnArabAmericannamedYasirAfifi,livinginCalifornia,foundtheFBIattachedanelectronicGPStrackingdeviceneartherightrearwheelofhiscar.InAugust,ACLU,joinedbytheAsianLawCaucusandtheSanFranciscoBayGuardianweekly,hadfiledalawsuittoexpeditethereleaseofFBIrecordsontheinvestigationandsurveillanceofMuslimcommunitiesintheBayArea.TheSanFranciscoFBIofficehasdeclinedtocommentonthematter"

becauseit'

sstillanongoinginvestigation."

（TheWashingtonPost,Oct13,2010）.InOctober2010,theTransportationSecurityAdministrationraisedthesecuritylevelatUSairportsrequiringpassengerstogothroughafull-bodyscannermachineorpat-downs.Italsoclaimedthatpassengerscannotrefusethesecuritycheckbasedontheirreligiousbeliefs.Civilrightsgroupscontendedthemoreintensivescreeningviolatescivillibertiesincludingfreedomofreligion,therighttoprivacyandtheconstitutionalprotectionagainstunreasonablesearches（AP,Nov16,2010）.TheACLUandtheU.S.TravelAssociationhavebeengettingthousandsofcomplaintsaboutairportsecuritymeasures（TheChristianScienceMonitor,Nov20,2010）.

AbuseofviolenceandtorturingsuspectstogetconfessionisseriousintheUSlawenforcement.AccordingtoareportofAssociatedPressonOct14,2010,theNewYorkPoliceDepartment（NYPD）paidabout$964milliontoresolveclaimsagainstitsofficersoverthepastdecade.Amongthemwasacasethatanunarmedmanwaskilledina50-bulletpoliceshootingonhisweddingday.ThethreepoliceofficerswereacquittedofmanslaughterandtheNYDPsimplysettledthecasewithmoney（ChinaPress,Oct15,2010）.Inacountrythatboasts"

judicialjustice,"

whatjusticedidtheabove-mentionedvictimsget?

InJune2010,afederaljuryfoundformerChicagopolicelieutenantJonBurgeguiltyofperjuryandobstructionofjustice.Burgeandofficersunderhiscommandshocked,suffocatedandburnedsuspectsintogivingconfessionsinthe1970sand1980s（TheBostonGlobe,Nov5,2010）.AccordingtoareportonChicagoTribuneonMay12,2010,ChicagoPolicewaschargedwitharrestingpeoplewithoutwarrants,shacklingthemtothewallormetalbenches,feedingtheminfrequentlyandholdingthemwithoutbathroombreaksand