unit 11 The Plugin Drug文档格式.docx

unit 11 The Plugin Drug文档格式.docx

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WhatrolesdoyouassigntoTV?

WhateffectdoesTVhaveontheChinesefamilyasageneralrule?

Doyouthinktheauthor’sconcernisrelevanttothesituationhereinChina?

Step2Relevantinformation

1.Abouttheauthor

MarieWinnistheauthorofThePlaygroundBook,TheSickBook,TheBabyReader,andotherbooksforparentsandchildren.ThisselectionistakenfromThePlug-inDrug,publishedin1977.

2.ThedevelopmentofTVindustry

TVbroadcastingbeganintheU.S.in1941,andin1946,afterWorldWarⅡended,TVbegantogrowrapidly.By1975,almost127millionTVsetswereinuse.Bythe1970’salmost100%ofallwiredhomesintheU.S.hadatleastoneTVset.TheaverageAmericanhashissetturnedonforabout6.5hourseachday.Infact,TVhasbecometheAmerican’seyeandearsontheworld

Step3Organizationofthetext

Callstudents’attentiontothefunctionofquotations.Explainhowquotationsmayserveaseffectivemeansofexposition.Askstudenttofindoutthequotationsinthetextandexplainhowtheyarerelatedtotheauthor’slogic,thuscontributingtothecoherenceofthepassage.

Anoutlineofthetext’sorganization

EarlyenthusiasmoverTVasPara.1--5

awonderfulinvention

Quotations1-3fromearlywritersandcommentatorstoshowthegeneralviewinfavorofTVasanewinvention

RisingconcernoverPara.6--8

toomuchTVviewing

Quotation4（para.7）toillustrateapopularview

whichhelpstosoothetheworryingparents

CriticismofTV’snegativePara.9--14

effectsonfamilylife

Threemorequotations（para.10,12,13）tocriticize

howTVdominatesfamilylifeanddiminishes

interactionbetweenparentsandchildren.

AppealforabetterfamilyPara15--end

lifewithoutTV

Theorderingofthequotationsreflectspeople’sgeneralattitudestowardTV--beginningwithwildadmirationofTVasawonderfulinventionbutendingwithstrongcriticismsofitsnegativeeffectsonthehealthywayoffamilylife

Step4Languagepoints

Wordsandexpressions

1.ingrained,Ifhabitsandbeliefsareingrained,theyaresofixedthattheyaredifficulttochangeortodestroy.e.g.

Thebeliefthatoneshouldworkhardisingrainedinourculture.

theiringrainedassumptionofsocialsuperiority

thedeeplyingrainedbeliefthatthepursuitofmaterialwealthisgood

2.perspective:

thecapacitytoviewthingsintheirtruerelationsorrelativeimportance（对事物的）合理观察,洞察力:

e.g.

Hewantedtoleavethecountryinordertogetsomeperspectiveonhistrouble.他想离国他去,这样能对自己的困难有个正确的认识。

3.afflict:

causetrouble,pain,distresstosb;

sufferfrom,e.g.

beafflictedwithhysteria

beafflictedat（by）sadnews

Hefeltmuchafflictedat（by）thesadnews.听到那个坏消息他感到很难过。

Anightmareafflictsmefromtimetotime.恶梦不时折磨着我。

Unemploymentafflicts12millionworkersinthatcountry.

在那个国家120万工人深受失业之苦。

4.establish:

prove,show（sth.）tobetrue确定,证实,e.g.

--We’veestablishedhisinnocence.我们已证实他无罪。

Thepolicecan’testablishwherehewasatthetime.警方无法确定当时他在哪里。

5.perch:

（ofbird）cometorestorstay（onabranch,etc.）

（ofperson）sit,esp.onsth.highorharrow

E.g.perchonhighstoolsatthebar坐在酒吧的高凳上

perchontheedgeofone’sseat坐在座位的边上

6.preposterous:

unthinkable;

absurd

E.g.Itispreposterousthatvirtueshouldgounrewardedwhilevicegoesunpunished.

7.splinter

（a）break-upintosmallsharppieces

E.g.Thewindscreencrackedbutdidnotsplinter.挡风玻璃裂了，但没碎。

（b）split

E.g.Authorityissosplinteredthatthegroupseemstoberunbynobody.

权利如此分散，小组的事好像没人管似的。

8.refrain:

n.

（a）linesofasongorpoemwhicharerepeated,esp.attheendofeachverse;

（b）amuchrepeatedsayingoridea

refrain（+from）:

v.holdoneselfbackfrom

E.g.wemustrefrainfromlitteringinpublicplaces.

9.thepeergroup:

agroupofpeopleofthesameage,class,position,etc.

10.ameliorate:

（=improve,alleviate）（fml.）Whensomeoneorsomethingamelioratesasituation,theymakeitbetteroreasierinsomeway

E.g.Theyadvocatedincreasedinterventionintheeconomytoamelioratetheworseeffectsofcapitalism.

11.television-oriented:

interestedinandinfluencedbyTV

12.assign:

considersth.tobecausedby把（某事）归因于，把（某事）归属于

E.g.Heassignedtheblametome.他把过错的责任归于我。

Jealousywasassignedasthemotiveforthecrime.有人提出嫉妒是这一犯罪行为的动机。

13.subsidiary:

secondary,notoffirstimportance

14.apologist:

apersonwhodefendssomethingbyargument卫道士

15.equivocal

（a）（fml.）Ifyousaysomethingwhichisequivocal,itisdeliberatelyvagueorambiguousbecauseyouwanttoavoidspeakingthetruth

E.g.Shegaveanequivocalreply.

Hefoundmeequivocalonthesubject.

（b）Equivocalbehavior,attitudes,andeventsaredifficulttounder-stand,interpret,orexplain.

E.g.Theanarchists’attitudetoviolenceissooftenequivocalandsubjective.

16.disperse

（a）Whensomethingdispersesorwhenyoudisperseit,itspreadsoverawidearea.

E.g.Buildingtallchimneystodispersethesmokeisnosolutionatall.

（b）whenagroupofpeopledispersesorwhensomeonedispersesthem,thegroupmovesapartandthepeopleleaveindifferentdirections.

E.g.Ihadseenmanycrowdsdispersedbypolicemen.

Thefootsoldiersrapidlydispersedandvanishedintothewoods.

17.sorcerer:

apersonwhoperformsmagicbyusingthepowerofevilspirits

18.counterbalance:

weightorinfluencebalancinganother

19.skirmish:

fightbetweensmallpartsofarmies/fleets

20.inprinciple:

Ifsomeoneagreeswithorapprovesofsomethinginprinciple,theygenerallyagreetotheideaofitbutmaybeunableorunwillingtosupportitinpractice.

E.g.Iwishtoknowifyouagreeinprincipletotheidea.

21.gobble:

（infml.）（=wolf）Ifyougobblesomefood,youeatitveryquicklyandgreedily.

E.g.Stillhungry,Igobbledasecondsandwich.

22.stint:

aperiodoftimewhichyouspenddoingaparticularjoboractivityorworkinginaparticularplace

E.g.I’mhavingarestnow;

I’vedonemystint.

IarrivedattheUniversityforathreemonthstintasalecturer.

23.regiment:

（esp.passiveandderog.）forcestrictdisciplineon（sb./sth）严格地管制;

organize,discipline

E.g.leadaregimentedlife过受到严格管制的兵营式的生活

24.conjureup:

bringintothemind

E.g.conjureupthehappypast

Themusicconjuredupmemories.

25.onthespurofthemoment:

withoutpreparationorplanning

26.sane:

（inthiscontext）inpossessionofgoodrelations/ofaclosebond

27.mediate:

actasgo-betweenorpeacemaker

28accedeto:

togiveapprovalto（arequestagreement,etc.）

E.g.Thedirectorshaveagreedtoaccedetotheworkers’demands

Bysigningthepapers,allthepartiesaccededtothecontract.

29.backlog:

areserve

E.g.Thecamperstookabacklogoffoodincasetheygotlost.野营者们带了一些储备食物，供迷途时用。

30.beneficial:

havinggoodaffects

beneficiary/benefitfrom

E.g.Freshairandgoodfoodarebeneficialtothehealth.

Theholidayhasbeenbeneficial.

31.anindexofthecommoninterest:

anindicationofthecommoninterest

32.inroad:

unfriendlyentry;

hostileincursion

33.reminisce:

（fml.Andlit.）Ifyoureminisceaboutsomeoneorsomethingfromyourpast,yourememberthemandwriteortalkaboutthem,oftenwithpleasureandaffection.

E.g.Wartimeexperiencesweresomethingtoreminisceabout.

34.swoop-down:

comingtogether

35.socialize:

meetpeoplesocially,forexampleatparties

E.g.Isocializedwiththephilosophystudents.

Therewasverylittlesocializingbetweenstaffandstudents.

36.reduce:

changesomethingintoadifferentandlesscomplicatedform,forexamplebyseparatingitintoitsparts

E.g.Everybuildingintheareawasreducedtorubble.

Thiskindofanalysisreducestheproblemtoitssimplestform.

37.allowfor:

Ifyouallowforproblems,delays,extraexpenses,etc,youincludesomeextratimeormoneyinourplanningsothatyouwillbeabletodealwiththemwhentheyoccur.

E.g.Ifyouareself-employed,allowfortaxandnationalinsurance.

38.purportto:

（fml.）claimto

E.g.Therewereadvertisementsforcosmeticspurportingtodelaythedevelopmentofwrinkles.

ThePartypurportstobethealternativegovernmentinBritain.

39.eliminate:

toremoveorgetridof

40.grievance:

afeelingthatsomethingthathashappenedorbeendoneisunfair

E.g.Herextravagancehadgivenhimasenseofgrievance.

Colinneverharbouredagrievanceforlong.

41.fester:

tobecomeinfectedanddiseased

42.atanylength:

forsomelengthoftime;

insomedetail

43.substantiate:

provethetruthofsth.

E.g.Itwastheonepieceofevidencethatcouldsubstantiatemystatement.

Yourreportmightbedifficulttosubstantiate.

Isupposeshecouldsubstantiateyourstory?

44.respondent:

apersonwhorespondstoapoll

Difficultsentences（para