医学英语词根.docx

医学英语词根.docx

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医学英语词根

Suffi

x

-ac

Meaning

Example

pertainingto

cardiac:

pertainingtotheheart

属于，关于

心脏（病）的

-al

pertainingto

medical:

pertainingtomedicine

-ar

pertainingto

molecular:

pertainingtoamolecule分子的

-ary

pertainingto

ciliary:

pertainingtothecilia

belongingto

睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的

-ase

enzyme酶

amylase:

anyenzymethatconvertsstarchtosugar淀粉酶

-cle

smallness

follicle:

asmallbodilycavityorsac

小,少,贫乏,小气

小囊,（头发的）毛囊

-e

aninstrument仪器

auriscope:

aninstrumentforexaminingtheear（检查耳朵用的）耳镜

-eal

pertainingto

laryngeal:

pertainingtothelarynx喉的,喉音的

-ia

condition;quality

phobia:

abnormalfear恐惧，害怕

-ic

pertainingto

toxic:

pertainingtotoxin有毒的；因中毒引起的

-ics

studyof;nameofascience

paediatrics:

studyofchildren,theirdevelopmentanddiseases儿科学

-ine/substance物质

insulin：

in

substance（hormone）producedbytheisletsofLangerhansinthepancreas

胰岛素

-ism

processorcondition

alcoholism:

excessivedrinkingofalcoholwhichbecomesaddictive酒精中毒

-ist

onewhospecializesin

pharmacologist:

adoctorwhospecializesinthest

精通于的人udyofdrugs药理专家

-itisinflammationreferstoapartirhinitis:

inflammationofthenasalpassages

n

……部位的炎症

鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎

-（i）urelationtoawhole;relatedtoendometrium:

innerliningoftheuter子宫内膜

m

与……相关

-ivecharacterizesby

antitussive:

adrugthatsuppressescoughing止咳药

-lettiny;small

droplet:

atinydrop小滴

-mentheresultorproductofanactdevelopment:

thingwhichdevelopsorisbeingde

tion

veloped;actionofbecomingmature

-oidresembling;like

mucoid:

resemblingmucus

像

粘液样的

-olelittle;small

centriole:

thesmalldensestructureinthemiddleofthecentrosome

细胞中心粒；中心体

-omatumor;swellingreferstoadodermatofibroma:

fibroustumoroftheskin

er

皮肤纤维瘤

-or/-eitherapersonorthing

receptor:

asensorynerveendingthatrespondsto

er

variousstimuli感受器，受体

-orycharacterizedby;pertainingtsuspensory:

whichishangingdown

o

悬吊式，悬带

-osesugar

fructose:

fruitssugarfoundinhoneyandsomefruit果糖

-osisabnormalcondition

onychocryptosis:

abnormalconditionofahiddennail嵌甲

-ouspertainingto

poisonous:

pertainingtopoison;alsocontainingpoison有毒的，分泌毒素的

-sombodies

es

-umstructure;thing;substanee

ribosome:

thebodyofnucleicacid核糖体

magnesium:

awhitemetallicchemicalsubstanee

结构，物质

镁（金属元素）

-ycondition;act;process

dystrophy:

disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabolism营养不良

Thefollowingisalistofthemostcommonlyusedcompoundsuffixes

SuffixMeaningExample

-algiapain;painful;conditionarthralgia:

paininajoint关节痛

--aseenzymeprotease:

digestiveenzyme蛋白酶

-blastembryo胚，胚胎，人类胚hemocytoblast:

blastcell血胚细胞，原始血细胞胎

-carcimalignanttumordevelopingadenocarcinoma:

malignanttumordevelopingfronomafromconnectivetissue相mglandulartissue腺癌

关组织的恶性肿瘤

esophagocele:

abnormaldistentionoftheesophagus食管突出paracentesis:

surgicalpunctureofacavityfortheaspirationoffluid穿刺术

acapnia:

abseneeofcarbondioxide血液二氧化碳缺乏

germicide:

（substanee）whichcankillgerms杀菌剂

phagocyte:

cell,especiallyawhitebloodcell,whichcansurroundanddestroyothercell噬菌细胞glossodynia:

paininthetongue舌痛

a

-ectasexpansion;dilation（膨胀,扩atelectasis:

incompleteexpansionofthelungsatbia/张）irth肺不张

-ectas

is

-ectosurgicalexcisionorremovalgastrectomy:

surgicalremovalofthestomach胃

myof

切除术

edemexcessiveaccumulationofsmyxoedema:

conditioncausedwhenthethyroidgl

aerousfluid水肿

anddoesnotproduceenoughthyroidhormone粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿

-emiabloodcondition

leukemia:

anyofseveralmalignantdiseaseswhereanabnormalnumberofleucocytesformintheblood白血病

-emesvomiting呕吐

hematemesis:

thevomitingofblood咯血；吐血

is

gensomethingthatproducedorpathogen:

amicroorganismoragentcapableofpr

prouduces

-geneproduction生产sis

-globiprotein蛋白质

n

-gnosiknowledge

s

oducingdisease病菌，病原体spermatogenesis:

formationanddevelopmentofspermatozoaintheteste精子发生hemoglobin:

aniron-containingproteinproducedbyerythrocytes血红素

diagnosis:

theprocessofidentifyingthenatureorpreseneeofadiseasethroughknowledgeandexamination

-gramimage;picture

electrocardiogram:

agraphicrecordoftheelectricalactivityofheartmuscleorheartbeatusedinthediagnosisofheartdisease.

Abbr.ECGandEKGSyn.cardiogram

心电图

-grapprocessofrecordingh（y）记录过程

-iasiscondition;state

情况，状况

electocardiography:

theprocessofmakingorrecordingelectrocardiograms.Syn.cardiography心电图记录

cholelithiasis:

theformationofgallstones胆石症

-iatry/healing,frequentlyreferstopodiatry:

treatmentoffootdisorders-iatricabranchofmedicine康复，足部医疗

s常指医学的一个分支

-lithstone

-lysisbreakdown,destruc