成人本科学士学位英语统一考试答案及解析Word文档格式.docx

成人本科学士学位英语统一考试答案及解析Word文档格式.docx

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Spending50minuteswithacellphoneclosetoyourearisenoughtochangebraincellactivityinthepartofthebrainclosesttotheantenna（天线）.Butwhetherthatcausesanyharmisnotclear,scientistsattheNationalInstituteofHealthsaidataconferencelastmonth,addingthatthestudywillnotlikelysettleconcernsof 

alinkbetweencellphonesandbraincancer.“Whatweshowedisglucose（葡萄糖）metabolism（代谢）（asignofbrainactivity）increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoacellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna,”saidDr.NoraVolkowoftheNIH,whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.（76）Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactstoelectromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals.

Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation（电磁辐射）fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity,butshesaidthefindingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer.“Thisstudydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthehumanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphoneexposures.”Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywereintroducedintheearly1980s,withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuseworldwide.

Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskofbraincancers,butalargestudybutheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnotofferaclearanswertothis.Volkow’steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheirbrainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanotherwhilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrainmetabolism,theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolismintheregionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason.

（77）Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting,buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.“Althoughthebiologicalsignificance,ifany,ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureisunknown,theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation,”HenryLaioftheUniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversityHospitalinSweden,wroteinanarticleinJAMA.“Muchhastobedonetofurtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects.”Theywrote.

1. 

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A. 

Cellphoneuseisdangerous.

B. 

Cellphoneusecausescancer.

C. 

Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield.

D. 

Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldrightnow.

2. 

DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______.

herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphone

shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrain

shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescouldinfluenceorchangebrainactivity

humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation

3. 

Accordingtothepassage,cellphoneswerelaunched_______.

inthelate1970s 

B.between1980and1985

inthelate1980s 

D.intheearly1990s

4. 

Whatdoestheword“that”standforinthesecondparagraph?

Brainactivity.

Herresearchfindings.

Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer.

Herresearchprogress.

5. 

Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

CellPhoneRadiation:

IsItHarmful?

CellPhoneRadiati0n:

IsItUseful?

IsItHealthy?

IsItWeak?

Passage2

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsatonce.（78）Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew:

We’vebeendrivingwhilelisteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthe1930s.butthereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindofwarpspeedintheeraofWeb-enabledcomputers,whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveralIM（及时通讯）conversations,watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce.

Butwhat’stheimpactofthismediaconsumption?

Andhowarethesemultitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn,reasonandcommunicatewithoneanother?

Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwiththesequestions,buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions.

（79）Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfortoday’sfast-pacedworkplaces,Manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedbythetrend.Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework,playinggamesonlineandwatchingTV,aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun.

Onthepositiveside,multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarilygoodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodernchildhoodcentersaroundvisual（视觉的）ratherthanprintmedia,theyareespeciallyskilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages.

Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensurethattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreensandspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallengenotjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomanykidsleadhighlyscheduledlivesthatleavelittletimeforold-fashionedsocializingandfamilymeals.Indeed,manyteenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted（任务过量的）schedulesdrivesmuchoftheirmultitasking.

Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatortoteachkidsthatit’svaluable,evenessential,tooccasionallyslowdown,unplugsandtaketimetoenjoylifebeyondthescreen.

6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Howismultitaskingdefine（定义）intheinformationage?

B.Howdopeopleseenewtechnologyandthesocialchangeitbringsabout?

C.Howdoestechnologychangemodernfamilylife?

D.What’stheimpactofmultitaskingonyoungpeople?

7.Theexpression“warpspeed”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto____.

A.Lowspeed

B.Toomuchtimealone.

C.highspeed

D.steadyspeed

8.Accordingtosometeenagersandcollegestudents,whatcausestheirmultitasking?

A.Overcommittedschedules

B.Toomuchtimealone

C.Inabilitytofocus

D.Fearofbeingneglected

9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?

A.Humanshavebeguntoengageinthemultitaskingbehaviorssincetheinformationage.

B.Multitaskingisacriticalskillthatstudentsarerequiredtolearnatschool.

C.Onlyparentscanhelptheirkidstogetridofthemultitaskinghabits.

D.multitaskingmaypreparestudentsfortherealityoftoday’sfast-pacesworkenvironment.

10.Whatdoeducatorsandpsychologistadviseparentstodotheirmultitaskingkids?

A.Tocutoffhomeinternetconnection.

B.Toseekmedicaltreatment.

C.Toencouragetheirkidstohavesomesociallife.

D.tohelptheirkidstosetpersonalgoals

Passage3

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

ThenuclearpoweremergencyataJapaneseatomicpowerplantlastMarchcouldleadtoamajorre-examinationinEuropeancountriesthatarealreadybuildingsuchplantsorareconsideringashiftfromfossil（化石）fuelstonuclearenergytofightclimatechange.Withtheterribleaccident25yearsagoinChernobyl（切尔诺贝利）beginningtofadeinEuropeanMemories,governmentsacrossEuropehavegrownmoreopentousingmorenuclearpower.EnthusiasmfornuclearpowerisparticularlystronginEasternEurope,whichwantstomoveawayfromdependenceonRussianoilandnaturalgas,andonheavilypollutingcoal-firedpowerplants.Easterngovernmentshavebegunimprovingexistingnuclearplantsorarebuildingorplanningnewones.ButasJapanstruggledtodealwithhernuclearcrises,discussionaboutthegoodandthebadofnuclearpowerbecameheated.

（80）InGermany,nuclearpowerhasbeenarepeatedlyarguedandwidelyfeltissuefordecades.Upto70percentofGermansopposenuclearpower.Recentlyabout40,000peopleturnedouttoformahumanchainnearanuclearplanttoprotestgovernmentpoliciesonnuclearpower.“TheaccidentinJapancouldleadtoamajorrethinkinEurope,”saidHenrikPaulitzoftheInternationalDoctorsforthePreventionofNuclearWar.“Governmentshavenotbeenquiteopenaboutthesafetylevelsofthenuclearpowerplants.”

Chancellor（总理）AngelaMerkelheadsacenter-rightunitygovernmentthatsupportstheuseofnuclearpower.Hergovernmentrecentlymadeadisputeddecisiontoextendthelifeofthecountry’s17nuclearpowerplantsbyanaverageof12years.Shewillnowfacemorepressurethechangethatpolicy.Shecalledanemergencymeetingwithherseniorministers.“Weknowhowsafeourplantsareandthatwedonotfaceathreatfromsuchaseriousearthquakeorviolenttidalwave,”Mrs.Merkelsaidafterthemeeting.“WewilllearnwhatwecanfromtheeventsinJapan.”

11. 

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutEuropeisTRUE?

A.ItisdependentonRussiaforgasandoil.

B.Ithasputanendtofossilfuels.

C.Ithadamajornuclearaccidentthisyear.

D.Itislikelythattheywouldrethinktheirnuclearpowerpolicies.

12. 

Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingstatementsaboutEasternEuropearetrueEXCEPT_______.

A.theyareeagertobuildnewnuclearpowerplants

B.theyhavetotallyforgottentheChernobylaccident25yearsago

C.theyhaveimprovedtheirnuclea