浙江大学新编大学英语4 第二版 Unit1Unit5 课文原文文档格式.docx

浙江大学新编大学英语4 第二版 Unit1Unit5 课文原文文档格式.docx

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3whyisitthtseverlstudentsinclsswillflloutoftheirchirslughingfterItelljokewhiletherestofthestudentslooksifI'

vejustredthewetherreport?

Obviouslysomepeopleremoresensitivetohumorthnothers.nd,werecognizethtsomepeopletelljokesverywellwhileothersstruggletosysomethingfunny.We'

vellherdpeoplesy,"

Ilikejokes,butIcn'

ttellonewell,ndIcnneverrememberthem."

Somepeoplehvebettersenseofhumorthnothersjustssomepeoplehvemoremusicltlent,mthemticltlentetc.thnothers.trulyfunnypersonhsjokeforeveryoccsion,ndwhenoneistold,thttriggersnentirestringofjokesfromthtperson'

smemorybnk.humorlesspersonisnotlikelytobethemostpopulrpersoningroup.Itisresonbletosythtthetrulyhumorousindividulisnotonlywellliked,butisoftenthefocusofttentioninnygthering.

4Evensomenimlshvesenseofhumor.Mywife'

smotheroftenvisitedusforextendedstys.Shenormllydidn'

tlikedogs,butshefellinlovewithBlitzenfemleLbwehve,ndthereltionshipwsmutul.Evenwhenyoung,BlitzenwouldteseGrndmbyveryselectivelycrryingoneofherbedroomslippersintothelivingroomwhereGrndmstinherfvorite,comfortblechir.BlitzenprncedjustbeyondtherechofGrndmuntilGrndmwstemptedtoleveherchirtogettheslipperfromBlitzen.WhenGrndmleftherchir,Blitzenwouldquicklyjumpintothechir,flshingherLbsmilefromsprklingbrowneyeswhichclerlysid,"

h,Ifooledyougin.

5Typicljokesorhumorousstorieshvethree-prtntomythtisesilyrecognized.FirstistheSETUP（orsetting）,nextistheBODY（orstoryline）,ndtheserefollowedbythePUNCHLINE（nunexpectedorsurpriseending）whichwillmkethejokefunnyifitcontinssomehumor.Usullyllthreeprtsrepresent,ndechmustbeclerlypresented.Ithelpsifthestory/joketellerusesgesturesndlngugewhichrewellknowntotheudience.

6Humor,sformofentertinment,cnbenlyzedinordertodiscoverwhtmkesfunnystoryorjokeseemfunny.Here,forexmple,resomeofthemostcommontypesofhumor.Theyrngefromthemostobvioushumortothemoresubtletypes.

7"

SLP-STICK"

isthemostobvioushumor.Itslngugeissimple,direct,ndoftenmkesfunofnotherpersonorgroup.Slp-stickwsndisthetechniqueofthestnd-upcomedinndtheclown.It

ppelstollgesndllcultures.NerlyeveryEnglish-spekingcomedininthiscenturyhsusedthefollowingjokeinoneformornother.Onemnsksnother,"

WhowsthtldyIswyouwithlstnight?

"

Theotherreplies,"

Thtwsnoldy,thtwsmywife."

Thehumorliesinthefctthtthesecondmnissyingththiswifeisnotldy.Inotherwords,sheisnotrefinedwomn.Thejokeisnolessfunnybecuseitissooftenused.Theudienceknowsindvncewhtwillbesid,becuseitisclssichumor,ndnyudiencevluesitevenmorebecuseofitsfmilirity.

8Chinese"

cross-tlk"

isspeciltypeofslp-stickinwhichtwoChinesecomedinshumorouslydiscusstopicssuchsbureucrts,fmilyproblems,orotherpersonltopics.Cross-tlkcnbeherdnywherefromsmllvillgestgestothelrgestBeijingthetres,ndtordiondtelevision.ItisclerlytrditionlformofhumorwellunderstoodbyChinesepeople.

9PLYONWORDSisnotsoobvioussslp-stick,butitisfunnybecuseofmisusedormisunderstoodlnguge.MyfvoriteexmpleisthestoryofthreeelderlygentlementrvelingbytrininEnglnd.sthetrinslowedforstopthefirstmnsked,"

IsthisWembley?

"

No,"

sidthesecond,"

It'

sThursdy."

SomI,"

sidthethirdmn."

Let'

sstopforbeer."

Weknowthtolderpeopleoftendonotherthingsclerly,sothemisunderstndingofbothWednesdy（forWembley）ndthirsty（forThursdy）mkenicesetupforthepunchlinedeliveredbythethirdmn.

10ThefmousChinesecrtoonistndhumoristDingCongismsterofwordply.Inoneofhisfunnycrtoons,techersys,"

Howcomeyoucompletelycopiedsomebodyelse'

shomework?

Theyoungstudentreplies,"

Ididn'

tcompletelycopyit.Mynmeonthepgeisdifferent."

InnotherclssicDingCongcrtoon,nirrittedfthersks,"

Tellme,wht'

soneplustwo?

Thesonsys,"

Idon'

tknow."

Theimptientftherthensys,"

Forexmple,you,yourmother,ndIltogetherrehowmny,youidiot?

Thesonproudlynswers,"

Threeidiots."

Whetherthesestoriesrecrtoons,jokestoldbyslpstickcomedin,orcross-tlkingtem,theyppeltopeopleeverywheresfunnystoriesbecusetheyhvenoteofrelitytothem,ndtheunexpectedpunchlineisquitefunny.11PUNSreevenmoresubtleformsofwordply.Theyusethetechniqueofsimilrsoundingwordsorlterntivemeningsofthesmeword.Punsrethoughtbysomecriticstobethelowestformofhumor,butIdisgreewiththis.Punsrequiremoresubtlendsophistictedlngugeskillsthnmosthumorforms,buteventheveryyoungcnusethemintheirsimplerforms.Forexmple,the"

riddle"

ortrickquestionoftenusespuninthesetup,thestoryline,or,moreoften,thepunchline.PunsrethefirsttypeofhumorIlerned,ndtbout5yersofgeIrememberheringthefollowingriddle.Onepersonsks,"

Whtisblckndwhite

ndredllover?

Theotherpersonusullycnnotnswertheriddle,sosys,"

Igiveup.Whtisthenswer?

Theriddlerreplies,"

newspper."

Thisistheobviousnswerifoneknowstht"

red"

ispronouncedthesmes"

inEnglish,butthemeningsreclerlydifferent.

12DOUBLE-ENTENDRES（Frenchfordoublemenings）respecilvritionsofpunsinwhichwordsorphrseshvedoublemenings.Frequentlythetwomeningsreverydifferent,ndoneisquiteproperwhilethesecondisoften,butnotlwys,vulgr.Ilikethesomewhtmildstoryofschooltecherndprinciplofhighschoolwhoreconcernedbecusesomeboysndgirlshvebeenseenkissingontheschoolplyground.Thetechersystothestudents,"

TheprinciplndIhvedecidedtostopkissingontheschoolplyground."

Heringsomelughter,shesenseshermessgewsnotltogethercler,soshedds,"

WhtImentosyisthttherewillbenomorekissinggoingonunderournoses"

.Thisclrifiction,ofcourse,doesnothingtocorrectthefirststtementndthedoublemeningofthejokebecomesevenmorelughble.

13Someprofessionlhumoriststhinktoomuchoftody'

shumorisnotveryintelligentorsophisticted.Theydislikethesuggestiveorvulgrlngugeusedtoofrequently,ndtheyfeelthtmosthumoristsrenotverycretive.Itistruethtsomeoftody'

shumorisrthershocking,butIdon'

tthinkhumoristobeblmedfortht.Humorislivendwell,nditwillpersistsimplybecusethererefunnythingshppeningeverydy.Somehumorouspeopleseendherthesefunnythingsndrebletomkethemintofunny,entertiningjokesndstories.

Ftlttrction

1The"

Queen"

ofBritishmurdermysterywritingis,withoutdoubt,gthChristie.lthoughthewriterherselfdiedover20yersgo,her78"

Whodunit"

novelscontinuetosellinhugenumbers.Theyhvebeentrnsltedintomorethnhundredlngugesndtheyhvesoldovertwobillioncopies.

2TheppelofgthChristie'

sbooks,bothinBritinndbrod,isnothrdtounderstnd.Echbookiscleverlyconstructed.Sheuseschrctersthtreesilyrecognizblendherplotsdeveloplmostlikeclockwork.Butmostimportntly,llherstoriessetpuzzleforthereder.

3NerlyllofChristie'

sbooksstrtwithmurder,forcingtheredertoskthequestion,"

whodunit?

ndllofthemendwithsolution.Thefunfortherederisinfollowingtheclueshiddeninthestoryndtryingtorechthecorrectsolutionbeforetheuthorrevelsit.Thisformulppelstothestrongestofhumninstinctscuriositynditspopulrityshowsnosignofgoingwy.

4MnyofthemysteriesresolvedbyoneoftheChristie'

sregulrinvestigtors,liketheveryconfidentBelgin,HerculePoirot,orthepprentlyhrmlesslittleoldldy,MissMrple.Shelsocretedspecilsettingforherstorieswhichhsbecomesfmilirssomeofherc

hrcters.ItisEnglndbetweenthetwoWorldWrs,whereclose-knitcommunitiesliveinquietvillgesorrichcityfolkssembleforweekendstgrndcountryhouses.

5Thisworldisruledbyrigidsocilhierrchy.Theownersofthecountryhouses,probblymembersoftheristocrcy,retthetop,thenthereretheprofessionlclsses:

doctors,lwyersndbusinessmen.tthebottomrethecommonpeople,whonormllypperinthebookssservnts,cooksndgrdeners.Whenmurderiscommitted,there'

snoshortgeofsuspectstobeinvestigted.

6gthChristie'

sworldisnotquiterelworld,whichisoneoftheresonswhyherbookshvenotbecomedted.Thisisworldwhichissfendpredictbleuntilmurdershtterspeople'

slives.Thecrimemustbesolvedsothtthemurderercnberrested,butlso,sothtclmcnberestored.

7DuringmostofgthChristie'

slife,Englndhdthedethpenltyformurder.So,oncethecrimeinherbooksissolvedndthemurdereridentified,thtistheendforhimorher.Thererenolooseendsndtheredercnsleeppecefullyinhisorherbed.

8Intherelworld,ofcourse,thingsdon'

thppenquiteliketht.Criminlsgounpunished,peoplerewronglyconvictedndthereremiscrrigesofjustice.Inshort,therelworldisnotsfeplce.Itisforthisresonthtsomnyredersliketoburytheirhedsinnold-fshioneddetectivestorywithsfendpredictbleending.

9ThekindofwhodunitgthChristiewroteiscertinlyold-fshioned.Fewcontemporrycrimewritersreproducingthis