国际经济与贸易专业外文翻译--中国纺织工业的国际竞争优势.docx

国际经济与贸易专业外文翻译--中国纺织工业的国际竞争优势.docx

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外文原文

China'sTextileIndustryInternationalCompetitiveAdvantage'

Abstract

TheshareofChina'stextileindustryinglobaltextilemarkethaskeptexpandingformorethan20yearsbyfullutilizationofitsadvantageinfactorendowmentsincetheReformandOpeningPolicy.ThispaperarguesthatcurrentcompetitiveadvantageofChina'stextileindustryisstillbasedontraditionalfactorcomparativeadvantage,whichmaybeweakenedsincethetechnologyofinternationaltextileindustryisupgradingcontinuallyandtheinternationalcompetitionismoreintenselythanbefore.AfterChina'sentrancetoWTOtherearesomedifficultiessuchasindispositionofindustryandtradestructure,tradebarrierstoChinesetextileindustry.HowtoaccelerateindustrystructureupgradingandenhanceinternationalcompetitiveadvantageofChina'stextileindustryistheprimaryissueforthedevelopmentofChina'stextileindustry.

TextileindustryhaslongbeenapillartoChina'seconomythankstoitsadvantageinfactorendowmentandmarketscale.Tradevolumeoftextilesectorhasincreasedby27.11timesduringthepast25years（fromtheReformandOpening）.In2005,textileexporttookup15.4%ofChina'stotalexportand24.4%oftheworld'stotalexportintextile,andtheproductionandexportofChinesetextileproductsareboththelargestintheworld.

Nonetheless,China'stextileindustryisfacingvariousdifficulties,suchasexcessiveresourcereliance,lowtechnologyandvalueadded,indispositionintradestructureandhighlyconcentratedexportmarkets,etc.MoreandmoretradesanctionsagainstChina'stextileproductsareparticularlynoteworthyastheycasttightrestrictionsonChina'scompetitiveadvantageinthisindustry.Thispaperaimsatanin-depthinvestigationtocompetitiveadvantageofChina'stextileindustryandbringscorrespondingsuggestions.

I. InternationalCompetitiveadvantageOfChina'sTextileIndustry

Inviewoftherelationoffactorandinternationalcompetitiveadvantage,the

MauricioGigli，ChinaTextiledevelopmentoftextileindustryisstilldeterminedbylaborcostandtechnology.Incomparison,garmentindustryislaborintensity,whileintextileindustry,particularlyinthechemicalfibersector,capitalandtechnologyisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.China'stextileindustryshowsapparentscaleeconomyandcosteffectsinmaterialsupply,laborcost,productqualities,compatibilitybetweenupanddownstream,whichcontributetoitsvigorousexportcompetitiveadvantage.Butasdevelopedcountriesarepersistentlyinvestingnewtechnologiesintotheirtextileindustry,advantageofcheaplaborindevelopingcountriesistendtobeweakenedbycontinuouslyimprovingproductivityindevelopedcountries.Textileindustryindevelopedcountriesthuscanmaintainhigherprofitwhileatthesametimereduceproduction.Inthissection,competitiveadvantageofChina'stextileindustrywillbeanalyzed,andcomparisonstoitscounterpartsinbothdevelopedanddevelopingeconomieswillbemade.

1.FoundationofcompetitiveadvantageofChina'stextileindustry

ThecompetitiveadvantageofpresentChina'stextileindustryisinalargepartdependsonitssolidindustrialfoundationandcheapcost.Incomparisonwithitsoverseascounterparts,China'stextileindustryshowscompetitiveadvantageinthefollowingaspects,whichareexpectedtostillexistinthenearfuture.

（1） Advantageinfactorendowment

TheabundantsupplyofprimaryfactorssuchaslaborandrelatedmaterialsisessentialtoChina'stextileindustry.

Amongthem,themostimportantadvantageishumancapital.TherearetwomainfeaturesinChineselaborresource,thefirstofwhichisitslowpriceaswellassuperiorquality.AverageeducationperiodofChineseworkersistenyears,whichisthemediumlevelofdevelopingcountriesandaroundfouryears'lagcomparedwiththoseindevelopedeconomies,yetwageofChineseworkeriswellbelowthoseofothercountries.Chinahasgainedmucheconomicbenefitsintextileindustrywithoutlossofthecomparativeadvantageinlaborsupply,andsuchanadvantageisadrivingforcefortextileindustry'sfurtherdevelopment.

Thesecondfeatureisitssustainability.ExpansionofurbanizationandimprovinghighereducationinChinawillprovidemoreandmoresuperiorbutlowpricehumanresourcefortextileindustry,sotherisinghumancapitalstockwillguaranteethesupplyofworkerandtechnologicalsupportforfuturedevelopmentofChina'stextileindustry.

（2） Superiorityinmarketscale

Althoughdomesticmarketabsorbsover70%ofaggregativetextileoutput,consumptionpercapitainChinaisfarbelowtheworld'saverage.Chinaisthelargestandfastestgrowingdevelopingcountry;whosevigorouseconomicdevelopmentandimprovinglivingstandardbringexpandingdemandbothinquantityandqualityfortextileproducts.Thisind