英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结Word文档下载推荐.docx

英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结Word文档下载推荐.docx

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3.weretodo

would/could/should/might

（not）

+do

简单记法：

ifwere/did,woulddo

ifhaddone,wouldhavedone

ifweretodo/shoulddo,woulddo

举例：

IfIwereyou,Iwoulddonothingaboutit.

Ifyouhadtakenyourteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’thavemadesuchamistake.

Ifitwereto/shouldraintomorrow（表示降水率很低），theywouldn’tgoshopping.

附注：

虚拟语气，条件状从倒装

状语从句中，去掉if,　提前were/had/should

如：

IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveup.

　　→WereIyou,Iwouldgiveup

Ifyouhadtakentheadvice,youwouldhave….

→Hadyoutakentheadvice,youwouldhave…

Iftheworldshouldcometoanend,……

→Shouldtheworldcometoanend……

另外，without,butfor,otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气

Butforthepopularizationofelectricity,wewouldleadawholedifferentlifetoday.

（popularization普及，publicity宣传）

Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.

We’llgoearlier,otherwisewewouldn’tgetaseat.（表示可能性小）

但其实，高中英语考试也常考：

错综虚拟语气条件句

即：

假设条件状从发生的时间与所假设的谓语动词不一致，此时，主句和从句要根据各自的时间而定。

Ifourgovernmenthadknownbetterhowtolayouttheroadconstruction,thetrafficjamproblemwouldnotbesoserioustoday.

（layout规划、设计、安排、陈设、摆放…layoutn.布局、规划）

二、特殊句式：

1.wish+宾语从句

Were／did

Haddone

Would/could/mightdo去掉should

Iwishmyparentswouldn’tpunishme.

IwishIhadn’tmadesuchanirrevocablemistake.（irrevocable不可撤销、不可以挽回的）

2.「十个词」

一坚持：

insist（表示坚持主张、认为，不表示坚持说）

二命令：

order,command

三建议：

advise,propose,suggest（表示建议，不表示表明、显示、暗示）

四要求：

desire,demand,require,request（两R两D）

这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用（should+）do的形式should可省略

例：

WesuggestedthatTom（should）havearest.

It’ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedoutbeforelong.

（beforelong,不久之后,longbefore很久以前）

尝试翻译：

他坚决要求我到场

同时，这些动词的名词形式构成的名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、同位语）也要用虚拟语气

order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire.

例

It’sanorderthatthesoldiersobeytherulesinthearmy.

Mysuggestionisthateveryoneofusthreefinishonepartofthisprojectandthenweintegratethemtogether.（integrate整合）

3.wouldrather宁愿

从句当中谓语形式

过去时

过去完成时

Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.

Iwouldratheryouhadbeentothemovieinsteadofme.

Don’tcometoday,Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.

4.部分Asif/though句子好像、似乎

Tomtoldmethisfairytaleinamannerasifithadhappenedforrealyesterday.

5.Ifonly…….要是…就好了

从句中谓语动词形式：

过去式

Ifonlysheknewthatit'

sIwhosentthegifttoher.

6.It’s（about/high）timethat是时候做……

+1、过去式2、shoulddo

It'

stimethatyouwenttobed.

说到这里，补充两个句式：

Itisthe1st（2nd/3rd）timethat…have/hasdone….

Itwasthe1sttimethat…haddone….

7.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/essentialthat…….

从句动词用（should）do

It’sessentialthatwemasteraforeignlanguagewhendoinginternationaltradeandbusiness.（essential必要的、本质的、基本的…..）

8.情态动词+havedone

wouldhavedone本来要做

couldhavedone本能够做（却没做）

mighthavedone本来可能

should/oughttohavedone本来应该做

shouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavedone本来不应该做

needn’thavedone本来不必要做

你本来不应该告诉她真相。

当时我没有足够的钱，否则我会买那本书的。

练习：

1.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_______.

A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken

2.Hetalkedasifhe______foryears.

A.islivingthereB.waslivingthereC.haslivedthereD.hadlivedthere.

3.______youlistenedtothedoctor,you______allrightnow.

A.Had,wouldbeB.Had,wouldhavebeen

C.If,wouldbeD.If,wouldhavebeen

4.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English_______mucheasier.

A.willbeB.wouldbe

C.couldhavebeenD.wouldhavebeen

5.______today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.（双选）

A.HadheleftB.WasheleavingC.Werehetoleave

D.IfheleaveE.Wouldheleave

6.Hetreatedmeasthough____hisownson.

A.IamB.IwouldbeC.IwasD.Iwere

7._________Ibefreetomorrow,Icouldgowithyou

A.CouldB.ShouldC.MightD.Must

8.Shoulditrain,thecrops__________

A.wouldbesavedB.wouldhavebeensaved

C.willbesavedD.hadbeensaved

9.HaveyoueverbeentoTokyo?

----No.butIwishI______.

A.haveB.willC.doD.had

10.IwishI_______therethen.

A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe

11.Shewassoupsetthatsheburstintotears.

Iwouldratheryou_______herallaboutit,

Adidn’ttellB.hadn’ttold

B.don’ttellD.won’ttell

12.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe__________nothingwrongand______free

A.did;

setB.haddone;

shouldbeset

C.shoulddo;

besetD.haddone;

mustbeset

13.Hemadethedemandthatthejournalists_____atonce______Iraq

A.leave;

forB.leave;

to

C.left;

toD.tobeleft;

for

14.Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody_____therules.

A.obeysB.obey

15.It’stimethatwe_____tobed.

A.mustgoB.willgoC.wentD.havegone

16.IfonlyI_________mywatch.

A.hadn’tlostB.haven’tlostC.didn’tD.don’t

17.IfonlyI_______asyoungasyouare.

A.beingB.amC.beD.wereE.was

18.Afewminutesearlierandwe______thetrain.（双选）

A.havecaughtB.hadcaughtC.weretocatchD.couldhavecaught

E.wouldhavecaught

19.Doyouknowwherehecomesfrom?

No,buthisaccentsuggeststhathe_____fromthesouth.

A.wasB.beC.isD.were

20.Iwasquitebusyyesterday,otherwiseI_______tothemeeting.

A.cameB.wouldcomeC.hadcomeD.wouldhavecome

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