The English writing of Chinese studentsWord文档格式.docx

The English writing of Chinese studentsWord文档格式.docx

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2.ChineseculturehasagreateffectonEnglishwriting--------------------2

2.1Theimportanceofwriting--------------------------------------------------2

2.2Thepresentsituationofthestudents’Englishwriting------------------2

3.WhatthestudentsandteacherscandotohelpstudentstoimprovetheirEnglishwriting.----------------------------------------------------------7　　

3.1ThestudentsshouldusemoretimetolearnEnglishandreadmorebooks-------------------------------------------------------------------------------7

3.2Howcanteachershelptheirstudentstoimprovetheabilityofwriting------------------------------------------------------------------------------7

4.Conclusion-----------------------------------------------------------------------9

5.Bibliography:

-------------------------------------------------------------------9

Abstract:

Whenwelearnalanguage,thelanguagetransferisoneofthemostimportantthingswearefacing.Languagetransferisinfluencedbythesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetargetlanguageandtheotherlanguage’usinghabitsandculture.ThisthesispresentsthecurrentphenomenonoftheChinesestudents’Englishwritingand 

theeffectofChineseculturehavingontheirEnglishwriting.ThisthesisalsoanalysesthedifferencebetweenChineseandEnglishwhileanalyzingthedifferentkindsofmistakesinChinesestudents’Englisharticles.ThepurposeistoreducethenegativeinfluencefromChineseandimprovestudents’abilityofwritingEnglisharticle.

Keywords:

Chinglish;

thetransfermistakes

1.Introduction

　　Asweallknow,everycountryhasitsownculture.“Cultureisthecollectiveprogrammingoftheminewhichdistinguishesthemembersofonecategoryofpeoplefromanother”（Hofstede,1991）.ThemistakesmadebystudentsinthewritingduringtheirEnglishlearningarecausedbytheinterferenceofChinese,whichiscalledculturalconflict.

　Transferistheinfluenceresultingfromthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetargetlanguageandanyotherlanguagethathasbeenpreviouslyacquired.Languagetransferisacommonphenomenoninthelanguagelearning.Languagetransferistheeffectofonelanguageonthelearningofanother.Intheprocessoftheforeignlanguagelearning,learnerswillunconsciouslybringthepronunciation,grammaticalstructures,andthoughtsofthemothertongueintothetargetlanguage.Asaresult,themothertonguehasalotofeffectonthetargetlanguage.Thisphenomenoniscalledlanguagetransfer.Languagetransferincludespositivetransferandnegativetransfer.Positivetransferreferstothetransferinwhichlanguagelearners’knowledgeofthemothertongueimprovestheacquisitionofthenewknowledgeofthetargetlanguage.Negativetransfer,alsocalledinterference,isthephenomenoninwhichlanguagelearnersusethemodelsorrulesoftheirmothertongueinthetargetlanguage,resultingintheoutputoftheinformalorevenwrongexpressingformsofthetargetlanguage.

IntheEnglishlanguagelearning,ChinesestudentstrytousesomemothertonguefeaturesmorethanthatoftheEnglishlanguageduringlearning.Englishwritingisoneoftheoutputwaysoflanguage,anditisaprocessfromdeepstructurestosurfacestructures.Fromwhattowritetotheoutputcomposition,itmaytakestudentsquitealotofstepstofinishthewritingtasks,thatis,fromtheirthoughtstowords,sentences,passagesandcontexts.Inthisprocess,studentsmaymakealotofmistakescausedbythenegativetransferfromtheirnativelanguage---Chinese.　　

2.ChineseculturehasagreateffectonEnglishwriting

2.1Theimportanceofwriting

　　Asweallknow,writingismoreandmoreimportantinlife,businessandsoonwiththedevelopmentofsociety.Sowritingisanimportanttaskinthestudents’Englishlearning.Andthatiswhywritingisanimportantpartoftheteachers’job. 

“Studentslearntowritebywriting,andtheylearntowritecorrectlybywriting,revising,andproofreadingtheirownwork”---withsomehelpordirectionfromtheteacherwhenitisnecessary.Theydonotlearntowritecorrectlybystudyingaboutwritingordoingisolatedworkbookexercisesunrelatedtotheirownwriting.Themostimportanttechniqueateachercanusetoguidestudentstowardgrammaticallycorrectwritingistoletthemwrite,letthemwritethingsrelatedtotheirownexperiences.Thereisnolimittothekindsoftexttheteachercanaskstudentstowrite.Teachers’decisionsshouldbaseonhowmuchlanguagethestudentsknow,whattheirinterestsare.Thenguidethestudentstowrite.

2.2Thepresentsituationofthestudents’Englishwriting

　　Atpresenttherearesomanyerrorsinstudentwriting-----themostmistakesingrammar.ThestudentsoftencreateChinglish.Moststudentsfinditverydispiritingiftheygetapieceofwrittenworkbackanditiscoveredinredink,underlingsandcrossing-out.ItisavisualfactthattheirwrittenEnglishisterrible.Ofcourse,somepiecesofwrittenworkarecompletelyfullofmistakes,buteveninthesecases,theteachersalsoshouldtreatstudentssensitivelyandsympathetically.

2.2.1Whythephenomenonexistsinthestudents’Englishlearning

　　Languagetransferisacommonphenomenoninthelanguagelearning.Languagetransferistheeffectofonelanguageonthelearningofanother.ThemistakesmadebystudentsinthewritingduringtheirEnglishlearningcomefromtheinterferenceofChineseonEnglish,whichiscalledculturalconflict,that’stosay,culturetransfer.Languagetransferincludespositivetransferandnegativetransfer.Positivetransferreferstothetransferinwhichlanguagelearners’knowledgeofthemothertongueimprovestheacquisitionofthenewknowledgeofthetargetlanguage.Negativetransfer,alsocalledinterference,isthephenomenoninwhichlanguagelearnersusethemodelsorrulesoftheirmothertongueinthetargetlanguage,resultingintheoutputoftheinformalorevenwrongexpressingformsofthetargetlanguage.IntheEnglishlanguagelearning,ChinesestudentstrytoutilizesomemothertonguefeaturesmorethanthatoftheEnglishlanguageduringlearning.Aslanguageandculturecombinetogether,Chinesestudentsmeetcross-culturalbarriersofeveryaspectintheprocessofEnglishlearning.Obviously,fundamentaltolearningisthereader’sabilitytomasterthelanguageknowledgeandunderstandthecultureofthelanguage.Theimprovementofthisabilityisthemainapproachforreducingandeveneliminatingthecross-culturalbarriersintheprocessofwriting.

2.2.2thenegativetransferofChinesehaveagreatinfluenceonstudents’Englishwriting

Researchesshowthatlanguagetransferoccursinallaspectsoflanguageofphonology,lexis,syntax,andpragmaticsetc.“ChineseEnglishlearnersmayhavealotofmistakesintheirEnglishlanguagelearning,someofwhicharecausedbythenegativetransferfromChinese.”（SuDingfang,1996）themoredifferencesexistbetweenChineseandEnglish,themoremistakesstudentsmaymake.Itislikelytomakeuseofthefindingsinsecondlanguageteachingtofacilitatesecondlanguagelearningandtominimizethenegativeeffects.

Eachlanguagehasitsownspecialrulesofwordcombinationandsentencemaking.ChineseandEnglishbelongtotwodifferentlanguagesystems.Ofcourse,theyhavedifferentlanguagerules.Chineseisanalyticlanguageinwhichwordformsdonotchangeandwordorderandtheuseoffunctionwordsshowgrammaticalfunctions.Englishissyntheticlanguage,whichisalanguageinwhichaffixesmaybeaddedtothestemsofawordtoadditsmeaningortoshowitsgrammaticalfunctions.Duetosuchdifferences,ChineseEnglishlearnersoftenmakemistakesinoralorwrittenworks.Generallyspeaking,negativetransferfromChineseontheleveloflexiscanbeshownasthefollowingaspects:

theuseofarticles,singleorpluralformsofnouns,verbsandtenses,theuseofwords,etc..

“Ihaveagoodnewstotellyou”alsocanbeexpresslike“Ihaveapieceofgoodnewstotellyou”.

　　Analyze:

TherebeingnosuchwordsinChinesethatcanbeequaltoarticlesinEnglish;

ChineseEnglishlearnersoftenneglecttheuseofArticlesinEnglish.Butafterthey’velearntsomeEnglish,sometimestheyareconfusedbytheuseofArticlesinEnglish.

TheywereeagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaandaskedmelotsofquestion.

TheywereeagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaandaskedmelotsofquestions.

Ihopethatyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimessoon.

Ihopethatyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimesoon.

Therichesarealwaysrespectedandthepoorarealwaysworthnothingatal　　l　　

Thericharealwaysrespectedandthepoorarealwaysworthnothingatall.

Analyze:

BothChineseandEnglishhavethegrammaticalitemaboutsingleandpluralformsofNouns.ButintheChineselanguage,thisitemisjustusedtodescribepersons.However,intheEnglishlanguage,thisitemcanbeusedtodescribebothpersonsandobjects.Alsothere’reregularandirregularrulesaboutpluralformsofNouns.BecauseofthedifferencebetweenChineseandEnglish,ChineseEnglishlearnerssometimeswillneglectthepluralformswhenusingthisgrammaticalitem.AnotherreasonisthatintheChineselanguage,onenounisconsideredtobecountable,whileintheEnglishlanguage,uncountable,orviceversa.Andthisalsobringsdifficultytolearnersintellingcountablenounsfromuncountablenouns.　　Thismedicinewillgoodtoyou.

Thismedicinewillbegoodtoyou.

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