c语言标准函数库文档格式.docx

c语言标准函数库文档格式.docx

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isdecimaldigit

intisgraph（intc）;

isprintingcharacterotherthanspace

intislower（intc）;

islower-caseletter

intisprint（intc）;

isprintingcharacter（includingspace）.InASCII,printingcharactersare0x20（'

'

）to0x7E（'

~'

）

intispunct（intc）;

isprintingcharacterotherthanspace,letter,digit

intisspace（intc）;

isspace,formfeed,newline,carriagereturn,tab,verticaltab

intisupper（intc）;

isupper-caseletter

intisxdigit（intc）;

ishexadecimaldigit

inttolower（intc）;

returnlower-caseequivalent

inttoupper（intc）;

returnupper-caseequivalent

errno

objecttowhichcertainlibraryfunctionsassignspecificpositivevaluesonerror

EDOM

codeusedfordomainerrors

ERANGE

codeusedforrangeerrors

Notes:

otherimplementation-definederrorvaluesarepermitted

todeterminethevalue（ifany）assignedtoerrnobyalibraryfunction,aprogramshouldassignzerotoerrnoimmediatelypriortothefunctioncall

FLT_RADIX

radixoffloating-pointrepresentations

FLT_ROUNDS

floating-pointroundingmode

Wheretheprefix"

FLT"

pertainstotypefloat,"

DBL"

totypedouble,and"

LDBL"

totypelongdouble:

FLT_DIG

DBL_DIG

LDBL_DIG

precision（indecimaldigits）

FLT_EPSILON

DBL_EPSILON

LDBL_EPSILON

smallestnumberxsuchthat1.0+x!

=1.0

FLT_MANT_DIG

DBL_MANT_DIG

LDBL_MANT_DIG

numberofdigits,baseFLT_RADIX,inmantissa

FLT_MAX

DBL_MAX

LDBL_MAX

maximumnumber

FLT_MAX_EXP

DBL_MAX_EXP

LDBL_MAX_EXP

largestpositiveintegerexponenttowhichFLT_RADIXcanberaisedandremainrepresentable

FLT_MIN

DBL_MIN

LDBL_MIN

minimumnormalisednumber

FLT_MIN_EXP

DBL_MIN_EXP

LDBL_MIN_EXP

smallestnegativeintegerexponenttowhichFLT_RADIXcanberaisedandremainrepresentable

CHAR_BIT

numberofbitsinachar

CHAR_MAX

maximumvalueoftypechar

CHAR_MIN

minimumvalueoftypechar

SCHAR_MAX

maximumvalueoftypesignedchar

SCHAR_MIN

minimumvalueoftypesignedchar

UCHAR_MAX

maximumvalueoftypeunsignedchar

SHRT_MAX

maximumvalueoftypeshort

SHRT_MIN

minimumvalueoftypeshort

USHRT_MAX

maximumvalueoftypeunsignedshort

INT_MAX

maximumvalueoftypeint

INT_MIN

minimumvalueoftypeint

UINT_MAX

maximumvalueoftypeunsignedint

LONG_MAX

maximumvalueoftypelong

LONG_MIN

minimumvalueoftypelong

ULONG_MAX

maximumvalueoftypeunsignedlong

structlconv

Describesformattingofmonetaryandothernumericvalues:

char*decimal_point;

decimalpointfornon-monetaryvalues

char*grouping;

sizesofdigitgroupsfornon-monetaryvalues

char*thousands_sep;

separatorfordigitgroupsfornon-monetaryvalues（leftof"

decimalpoint"

char*currency_symbol;

currencysymbol

char*int_curr_symbol;

internationalcurrencysymbol

char*mon_decimal_point;

decimalpointformonetaryvalues

char*mon_grouping;

sizesofdigitgroupsformonetaryvalues

char*mon_thousands_sep;

separatorfordigitgroupsformonetaryvalues（leftof"

char*negative_sign;

negativesignformonetaryvalues

char*positive_sign;

positivesignformonetaryvalues

charfrac_digits;

numberofdigitstobedisplayedtorightof"

formonetaryvalues

charint_frac_digits;

forinternationalmonetaryvalues

charn_cs_precedes;

whethercurrencysymbolprecedes

（1）orfollows（0）negativemonetaryvalues

charn_sep_by_space;

whethercurrencysymbolis

（1）orisnot（0）separatedbyspacefromnegativemonetaryvalues

charn_sign_posn;

formatfornegativemonetaryvalues:

parenthesessurroundquantityandcurrencysymbol

1

signprecedesquantityandcurrencysymbol

2

signfollowsquantityandcurrencysymbol

3

signimmediatelyprecedescurrencysymbol

4

signimmediatelyfollowscurrencysymbol

charp_cs_precedes;

whethercurrencysymbolprecedes

（1）orfollows（0）positivemonetaryvalues

charp_sep_by_space;

whethercurrencysymbolis

（1）orisnot（0）separatedbyspacefromnon-negativemonetaryvalues

charp_sign_posn;

formatfornon-negativemonetaryvalues,withvaluesasforn_sign_posn

Implementationsmaychangefieldorderandincludeadditionalfields.StandardCLibraryfunctionsuseonlydecimal_point.

structlconv*localeconv（void）;

returnspointertoformattinginformationforcurrentlocale

char*setlocale（intcategory,constchar*locale）;

Setscomponentsoflocaleaccordingtospecifiedcategoryandlocale.Returnsstringdescribingnewlocaleornullonerror.（Implementationsarepermittedtodefinevaluesofcategoryadditionaltothosedescribehere.）

LC_ALL

categoryargumentforallcategories

LC_NUMERIC

categoryfornumericformattinginformation

LC_MONETARY

categoryformonetaryformattinginformation

LC_COLLATE

categoryforinformationaffectingcollatingfunctions

LC_CTYPE

categoryforinformationaffectingcharacterclasstestsfunctions

LC_TIME

categoryforinformationaffectingtimeconversionsfunctions

NULL

nullpointerconstant

Ondomainerror,implementation-definedvaluereturnedanderrnosettoEDOM.Onrangeerror,errnosettoERANGEandreturnvalueisHUGE_VALwithcorrectsignforoverflow,orzeroforunderflow.Anglesareinradians.

HUGE_VAL

magnitudereturned（withcorrectsign）onoverflowerror

doubleexp（doublex）;

exponentialofx

doublelog（doublex）;

naturallogarithmofx

doublelog10（doublex）;

base-10logarithmofx

doublepow（doublex,doubley）;

xraisedtopowery

doublesqrt（doublex）;

squarerootofx

doubleceil（doublex）;

smallestintegernotlessthanx

doublefloor（doublex）;

largestintegernotgreaterthanx

doublefabs（doublex）;

absolutevalueofx

doubleldexp（doublex,intn）;

xtimes2tothepowern

doublefrexp（doublex,int*exp）;

ifxnon-zero,returnsvalue,withabsolutevalueininterval[1/2,1）,andassignsto*expintegersuchthatproductofreturnvalueand2raisedtothepower*expequalsx;

ifxzero,bothreturnvalueand*exparezero

doublemodf（doublex,double*ip）;

returnsfractionalpartandassignsto*ipintegralpartofx,bothwithsamesignasx

doublefmod（doublex,doubley）;

ifynon-zero,floating-pointremainderofx/y,withsamesignasx;

ifyzero,resultisimplementation-defined

doublesin（doublex）;

sineofx

doublecos（doublex）;

cosineofx

doubletan（doublex）;

tangentofx

doubleasin（doublex）;

arc-sineofx

doubleacos（doublex）;

arc-cosineofx

doubleatan（doublex）;

arc-tangentofx

doubleatan2（doubley,doublex）;

arc-tangentofy/x

doublesinh（doublex）;

hyperbolicsineofx

doublecosh（doublex）;

hyperboliccosineofx

doubletanh（doublex）;

hyperbolictangentofx

jmp_buf

typeofobjectholdingcontextinformation

intsetjmp（jmp_bufenv）;

Savescontextinformationinenvandreturnszero.Subsequentcalltolongjmpwithsameenvreturnsnon-zero.

voidlongjmp（jmp_bufenv,intval）;

Restorescontextsavedbymostrecentcalltosetjmpwithspecifiedenv.Executionresumesasasecondreturnfromsetjmp,withreturnedvaluevalifspecifiedvaluenon-zero,or1otherwise.

SIGABRT

abnormaltermination

SIGFPE

arithmeticerror

SIGILL

invalidexecution

SIGINT

（asynchronous）interactiveattention

SIGSEGV

illegalstorageaccess

SIGTERM

（asynchronous）terminationrequest

SIG_DFL

specifiesdefaultsignalhandling

SIG_ERR

signalreturnvalueindicatingerror

SIG_IGN

specifiesthatsignalshouldbeignored

void（*signal（intsig,void（*handler）（int）））（int）;

Installhandlerforsubsequentsignalsig.IfhandlerisSIG_DFL,implementation-defineddefaultbehaviourwillbeused;

ifSIG_IGN,signalwillbeignored;

otherwisefunctionpointedtobyhandlerwillbeinvokedwithargumentsig.Inthelastcase,handlingisrestoredtodefaultbehaviourbeforehandleriscalled.Ifhandlerreturns,executionresumeswheresignaloccurred.signalreturnstheprevioushandlerorSIG_ERRonerror.Initialstateisimplementation-defined.Implementationsmaymaydefinesignalsadditionaltothoselistedhere.

intraise（intsig）;

Sendssignalsig.Returnszeroonsuccess.

va_list

voidva_start（va_listap,lastarg）;

Initialisationmacrowhichmustbecalledoncebeforeanyunnamedargumentisaccessed.Storescontextinformationinap.lastargisthelastnamedparameterofthefunction.

typeva_arg（va_listap,type）;

Yieldsvalueofthetype（type）andvalueofthenextunnamedargument.

voidva_end（va_listap）;

Terminationmacrowhichmustbecalledonceafterargumentprocessingandbeforeexitfromfunction.

Nullpointerconstant.

offsetof（stype,m）

Offset（inbytes）ofmembermfromstartofstructuretypestype.

ptrdiff_t

Typeforobjectsdeclaredtostoreresultofsubtractingpointers.

size_t

Typeforobjectsdeclaredtostor