提分必做高三英语上学期第一次月考试题3Word格式.docx
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TheOriginsofFamousBrands
Ourlivesarefullofbrandnamesandtrademarkedproductsthatweuseeveryday.Althoughmanybrandnamesaresimpleacronyms(首字母缩略词)orversionsoftheirfoundersnames,someofthecompanieswetrusteverydayactuallyhavefascinatingandsurprisingbackstories.
Starbucks
Itseemsfittingthatthemostfamouscoffeebrandintheworldwouldtakeitsnamefromoneoftheworld’sgreatestworksofliterature.TheinspirationforthenameofthecoffeehousecamefromHermanMelville’sMobyDick.Thefounders’originalideawastonamethecompanyaftertheCaptainAhab’sship,buttheyeventuallydecidedthatPequotwasn’tagreatnameforcoffee,sotheychoseAhab’sfirstmate,Starbucks,asthenameinstead.
Google
GooglewasoriginallycalledBackrub,foritsearchedforlinksineverycorneroftheWeb.In1997,whenthefoundersofthecompanyweresearchingforanewnameshowingahugeamountofdatafortheirrapidlyimprovingsearchtechnology,afriendsuggestedtheword“googol”.Whenafriendtriedtoregisterthenewdomain(域)name,hemisspelled“googol”as“google”.
Nike
OriginallyfoundedasadistributorforJapaneserunningshoes,thecompanywasoriginallynamedBRS,orBlueRibbonSports.In1971,BRSintroduceditsownsoccershoe,amodelcalledNike,whichisalsothenamefortheGreekgoddessofvictory.In1978,thecompanyofficiallyrenameditselfasNike,Inc.
Therightnameisessentialtoacompany’ssuccess,andagreatoriginstoryisjustasimportantasagreatproduct.Anattractiveoriginstoryisonemorethingthatkeepscustomersguessing,wondering,andbuyingitsproducts.
1.WhatisthenameoftheCaptainAhab’sship?
A.MobyDickB.StarbucksC.PequotD.HermanMelville
2.WhydidthefoundersoftheGooglewanttochangeitsname?
A.Theymistooktheirname.
B.Theywantednewcustomers.
C.Thecompany’soriginalnamewastoolong.
D.Thecompany’ssearchtechnologywasimprovingrapidly.
3.Wheredoestheimportanceoftheoriginstoryofonecompanyliein?
A.Itcanchangethecompany’simage.
B.Itcanaddmythtothecompany.
C.Itexplainsthedevelopmentofthecompanytocustomers.
D.Itmakescustomersimagineandpurchaseitsgoods.
B
Icanstillrememberitasifithappenedyesterday.Iwasacollegefreshmanandhadstayedupmostofthenightbeforelaughingandtalkingwithfriends.Nowjustbeforemyfirstclassofthedaymyeyelids(眼皮)werefeelingheavierandheavierandmyheadwasdriftingdowntomydesktomakemytextbookapillow.Afewminutes’naptimebeforeclasscouldn’thurt,Ithought.
Boom!
Iliftedmyheadimmediatelyandmyeyesopenedwiderthansaucers.Ilookedaroundwithmyheartbeatingquicklytryingtofindthecauseofthenoise.Myyoungprofessorwaslookingbackatmewithamischievous,boyishsmileonhisface.Hehadintentionallydroppedthepileoftextbookshewascarryingontothedesk.“Goodmorning!
”hesaid,stillsmiling.“I’mgladtoseeeveryoneisawake.Nowlet’sgetstarted.”
ForthenexthourIwasn'
tsleepyatall.Itwasn’tfromtheshockofmyprofessor’stextbookalarmclockeither.Instead,itwasfromtheattractivediscussionheled.Withknowledgeandgoodhumor,hemadethematerialcomealive.Hislecturingwasfullofbothwisdomandkindness.Andtheenthusiasmandjoythathetaughtwithwerecontagious(有感染力的).Ilefttheclassroomnotonlywideawake,butalittlesmarterandalittlebetteraswell.
Ilearnedsomethingfarmoreimportantthannotsleepinginclassthatdaytoo.WhatI’velearnedisthatifyouaregoingtodosomethinginthislife,doitwell,doitwithjoy,andmakeitanexpressionofyourlove.Whatagloriousplacethisworldwouldbeifallofusdidourjobjoyouslyandwell!
Whatabeautifulworldwecouldcreateifeverydoctor,teacher,musician,cook,waitress,poet,miner,farmer,andlaborermadetheirworkanexpressionoftheirlove!
Don’tsleepwalkyourwaythroughlifethen.Wakeup!
Letyourlovefillyourworkandyoursoul.Lifeistooshorttoliveitbadly.
4.Whatdidtheauthorwanttodojustbeforehisfirstclassoftheday?
A.Talkwithhisfriends.B.Takeashortsleep.
C.Gethiseyesexamined.D.Stayawayfromtheclass.
5.Theunderlinedword“mischievous”inParagraph2probablymeans“”.
AnaughtyB.seriousC.sensitiveD.dishonest
6.Whatelsedidtheauthorlearnthatday?
A.Studentsshouldnotsleepinclassbutrespecttheirteachers。
B.Everyoneshouldlovehisjobandsleepwalkhiswaythroughlife.
C.Lifeistoolimitedtomakeyourworkanexpressionofyourlove.
D.Peoplefromallwalksoflifeshoulddotheirjobwithwisdomandlove.
7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthispassage?
A.Theprofessoroftenkepthisstudentssharpbyusingatextbookalarm.
B.Theauthorwasattractedbytheprofessor’sgreatwisdomandenthusiasm.
C.Theauthorleftthetwo-hourperiodnotonlywideawake,butalittlesmarter.
D.Thoughtheauthorwasfrightenedawake,hewasnotclear-headedintheclass.
C
Itisafamiliarscenethesedays:
employeestakingnewlylaid-offco-workersoutforadrinkforcomfort.Butwhichsidedeservessympathymore,thejoblessorthestillemployed?
OnMarch6,researchersataconferenceattheUniversityofCambridgesuggesteditwasthelatter.
BrendanBurchell,aCambridgesociologist,presentedhisanalysisbasedonvarioussurveysconductedacrossEurope.Thedatasuggestthatemployedpeoplewhofeelinsecureintheirjobsshowsimilarlevelsofanxietyanddepressionasthosewhoareunemployed.Althoughanewlyjoblessperson’smentalhealthmay“bottomout”afteraboutsixmonths,andthenmayevenbegintoimprove,thementalstateofpeoplewhoarecontinuouslyworriedaboutlosingtheirownjob“justcontinuestogetworseandworse”,Burchellsays.
Psychologistssupportthistheorybyarguingthathumanbeingsfeelmorestressedduringtimesofinsecuritybecausetheysenseanimmediatebutinvisiblethreat.Patientshavebeenknowntoexperiencehigherlevelsofanxiety,forexample,whilewaitingforexaminationresultsthanknowingwhattheyaresufferingfrom—eveniftheresultsarecancer.It’sbettertogetthebadnewsandstartdoingsomethingaboutitratherthanwaitwithanxiety.Whentheuncertaintycontinues,peoplestayinanonstop“fightorflight”response,whichleadstodamagingstress.
Butnoteveryemployeeininsecureindustrieshassuchadiscouragingview,Burchellsays.Ingeneral,womengetonbetter.Whilereportinghigherlevelsofanxietythanmenwhendirectlyquestioned,womenscorelowerinstressontheGHQ12,evenwhentheyhaveajobtheyfeelinsecureaboutlosing.AsBurchellexplains,“Forwomen,moststudiesshowthatanyjob—itdoesn’tmatterwhetheritissecureorinsecure—givespsychologicalimprovementoverunemployment.”Hesupposesthatthedifferenceinmenisthattheytendtofeelpressurenotonlytobeemployed,butalsotobetheprimarybreadwinners,andthatmoreofaman’sself-worthdependsonhisjob.
8.Whydoresearchersthinkthestillemployeddeservesympathymore?
A.Theyhavetodomoreworksincethen.
B.Theyhavenochancetofindbetterjobs.
C.Theyhavetoworkwithinexperiencedworkers.
D.Theyconstantlyworryaboutlosingtheirjobs.
9.Whatismostlikelytocausea“fightorflight”response?
A.Nothavingapaidjob.B.Fiercecompetitionforjobs.
C.Notknowingwhatwillhappen.D.Pressuretoworklongerhours.
10.Whatwillthewritertalkaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?
A.Adviceonpreparingforajobinterview.
B.Adviceonhandlingpressurefrominsecureindustries.
C.Someknowledgeofpsychology.
D.Differenceinmenandwomen.
11.Whatisthetopicfocusedonbytheauthorofthepassage?
A.Isitlessstressfultogetlaidoffthanstayon?
B.Shouldgreatersympathybegiventothejobless?
C.Doemployeesbearmorestressthaneverbefore?
D.Domenorwomenshowhigherlevelsofanxiety?
D
Everyhumanbeing,nomatterwhatheisdoing,givesoffbodyheat.Theusualproblemishowtogetridofit.ButthedesignersoftheJohnstowncampus(校园)oftheUniversityofPitsburgh(commonlyreferredtoasPitt)setthemselvestheoppositeproblem—howtocollectbodyheat.Theyhavedesignedacollectionsystemwhichusesnotonlybodyheat,buttheheatgivenoffbysuchobjectsaslightbulbsandrefrigeratorsaswell.Thesystemworkssowellthatnofuelisneededtomakethecampus’ssixbuildingscomfortable.
Somepartsofmostmodernbuildings—theatersandofficesaswellasclassrooms,aremoresufficientlyheatedbypeopleandlightsandsometimesmustbeair-conditionedeveninwinter.Thetechniqueofsavingheatandredistributing(重新分配)iscalled“heatrecovery”.Afewmodernbuildingsrecoverheat,butthecampus’ssystemisthefirsttorecoverheatfrombuildingsandreuseitinothers.
Alongtheway,Pitthaslearnedagreatdealaboutsomeofitsproducers.Theharderastudentstudies,themoreheathisbodygivesoff.Malestudentssendoutmoreheatthanfemalestudents,andthelargerastudentis,themoreheatheproduces.
WemayconcludethatthehottestprospectfortheJohnstowncampuswouldbeahard-workingoverweightmalegenius.
12.TheheatintheheatingsystemoftheJohnstowncampusissupplied.
A.byhumanbodies
B.bybothhumanbodiesandotherheat-givingobjects
C.bybothhumanbodiesandcommonly-usedfuels
D.byhumanbodies,commonly-usedfuelsandotherheat-givingobjects
13.Accordingtothepassage,