如何在十分钟内搞定面试官文档格式.docx

如何在十分钟内搞定面试官文档格式.docx

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thatexistaboutthesubjectinquestion.Activitiessuchassurveysand

interviewsthereforearenotjusttoolstocollectdataandstatistics;

rather

theyrequirecomprehensiveandextensiveevaluationinordertodeterminehow

thosebeingapproacheddifferintheiropinions.Interviewingskillsincludenot

justtherapportyouestablishwithintervieweesbutalsothekindofquestions

youask,howtheseareanalyzedandhowyousiftrelevantinformation.Itis

onlythroughoralhistorythatmanyeventshavebeenproperlyrecordedandthis

iswherehistoryowesmuchtotheinterviewskillsofhistorians.

Thispapersaimstoprovidethereaderananalysisofaseriesoffour

interviews.Theintervieweesinallthecasesarepeoplewithsomestronglinks

totheacademicarenaattheschoollevel.Ithasbeenuptotheinterviewer,

whoinhisroleasanewteacherataschoolhastogatherrelevantinformation

inordertotransitionsmoothlyintothisnewposition.Thefourpersonnelbeing

questionedincludepeopleinvariousrolesthattheinterviewerexpectstobein

touchwith.Essentiallythen,itishisinterpretation,analysisandobservation

skillsthatnowdecideinwhatframeofmindhestartshisnewjob.

Thefirstinterviewconductedinvolvedasetofquestionsaskedfromthe

schoolassistantprincipal,whointhisinstancerepresentedtheadministration.

Itclarifiednotonlywhatroletheadministrationissupposedtoplaybutalso

theresponsibilitiesexpectedfromteachers.Evenfromthewaytheinterviewee

dressedandtheratherformalinteractionmaintained,itcouldbeprejudgedwhat

kindofarelationshiphewasgoingtosharewiththeadministration.The

answerstothequestionsaskedonlyservedtostrengthentheresolvethathad

beenestablishattheonsetthroughbasicobservation.Whileitisnotoftenin

thebestinterestofahistorianorresearchertoexhibitabiasbasedon

observationalone,amateurinterviewerswithcrudeskillscaneasilyfallinto

thistrap.Thiscanattimesspoiltheentireinterviewandmoreimportantly,

misinterpretthedatarecordedandhencerecordhistoryincorrectly.

Theinterviewaddressedbasicissuesrelatedtotheroleofthe

administration,interactionbetweentheteachers,studentsandthe

administrationandtheexpectationfromteacherswhentheyfacecertainissues.

Itappearsthattheadministrationmakesitselfouttobealevelabovethe

teachingstaff.Inthisregard,itsattitudebordersonbeinghaughty.Thefact

thatitinsistsuponstudents,teachersandthesupportstaffrelatingevery

eventinwritingandrequiresmeetingstobesetup,createsahesitationinthe

mindsofthesepersonnelasnoonepreferstofollowtheredtapewhenfaced

withanysituation.Itseemsasiftheassistantprincipalwasnotentirely

pleasedwhenbeingaskedtositforaninterviewandmadesurethatshepointed

outhowsheexpectedteacherstoreporttotheadministrationregularlyas

employees.

Whilearrangingandsittingthroughsuchaninterviewwouldmakeanynew

teacheruncomfortable,itisnotwrongtosaythatitestablishedclearlythe

rolehewasexpectedtoplayinhisnewposition.Thattheassistantprincipal

expectsteacherstorefrainfromgettinginvolvedinstudents'

individual

problemsandpreferstheadministrationtodealwithproblematiconescaneasily

bedetermined.However,giventheattitudeoftheintervieweeandthe

administrationthatshewasrepresenting,onecanguaranteethatanynewteacher

wouldmuchrathersolveanyproblemsonhisownratherthanbringthemoverto

theadministration.Needlesstosay,hewouldalsomuchratherkeepasafe

distancewhilemaintainingahealthyworkingrelationshipandtrytostayinthe

administration'

sgoodbooks.

Thesecondinterviewturnsouttobemuchmoreinformalandhelpful.The

plump,experiencedandstraight-talkingschoolnurserepresentingthesupport

staffiseasytotalktoandprovidesmuchneededinsightintotheworkingsof

theschool.Herconstantsarcasmwhenansweringquestionsthatinvolvethe

administrationclearlyportraysherdisdainforthoseinauthority.Whileitis

clearthatsheconsidersherselftobepartoftheschoolsetupgivenher

experiencehere,shetoofeelsacertainlevelofinjusticewheneverysmall

detailhastoberecordedandapprovedbytheadministration.

Onecanjudgehowthenurseputsonafa&

#231;

adeforstudentstoensuretheytake

herseriously;

onecanalsoclearlyseehowdifficultitwouldbeforthemto

foolherintowritingouttheirmedicalcertificatesandapprovingtheirmissed

examsandclassesthroughfakingillness.

Teachers'

interactionwiththesupportstaffislimited.Infactitappears

thatahierarchyexistsintheschoolthatputsthefacultyabovethesupport

staffandmembersofeachgroupprefertodealwithintheirgroup.Whilethere

existsamutualrespect,itisnotcommonforfriendshipstodevelop;

thesad

partisthatthenurse'

sattitudedepictsthatthisisnotlookeduponas

somethingunwanted.Ratheritisanormalcourseofeventsthatsheexpectsto

beapartof.

Thesupportstaffiseager,ratheradamant,whenitcomestolettingpeople

knowthatitknowsitsjobwellandthatittakesprideinperformingitwell.

Newteacherscominginareexpectedtoacknowledgethis;

andwhiletheywill

regularlycorrespondwiththesupportstaff,theyexpecttogivenofavorsand

neithertoreceiveany.Thereissupposedtobeahealthyworkingrelationship

thatisnotsupposedtogobeyondadesiredlevel,anditdoesn'

tthreatentodo

soveryoften.

ThethirdinterviewinvolvedamemberoftheStudentServices.The

intervieweewasextremelyfriendlyandoutgoing.Itcanbeobservedthathe

feelsprivilegedinhisroleasitisconnectedtowhatheloves,thatis

interactionwithstudents,andthathestillremainsdisconnectedfromthe

hierarchyestablishedintheschoolsetup.Hiseloquence,personalityand

dressingsenseexhibitapersoncomfortablewithwhoheisandhedoesnotneed

tojustifyhisroletoanyone,leastofallanewteacher,andhestillcomes

acrossashelpful.

Thefactthattheresourcepersonneliswellconnectedandappearstohave

solutionstomostproblemsisperhapsalittlemisleading;

butitcertainly

showsthelevelofcomforthelivesin.Quiteclearly,studentsandteachers

alikebenefitfromhispresenceandhisprogramasitiswellrun,informative

andprovidesthemwithasystematicprocessthataimstocreateahealthy

future.Andthefactthatheisabletodosowithouthavingtoworrymuchabout

theroleoftheadministrationaddsmuchvaluetohissetup.

Thelastinterviewtakesintoaccounttheroleoftheparentasaresource

person.Itseemsthattheparentisnottoosureofherrolebuthidesitwell.

Thisarrangementisinformalandnotaswellorganizedasitwouldbeexpected.

Infactitappearsthattheparentfeelsanobligationtohischildreninterms

ofinvolvementintheacademicprocessandsomehowtriestounderminetherole

oftheteacher.Constantreferraltotheemotionallinks,responsibilitiesof

theteachersandthefactthatisvoluntarydoesnotcreateanaltogether

healthyrelationship,buttheinterviewclearlyshowsthattheparentfeelsher

roleismuchmoreimportantthanitactuallymaybe.

Theinterviewsconductedputthenewfacultymemberinadifficultposition.

Itisclearthatacertainbureaucracyandhierarchyispartoftheschoolsetup

andthereisnowaythathecanescapeitevenifhewantsto.Thereisa

consciousefforttooverstateone'

sresponsibilitiesandcreategoodexamples.

Whilethiscannotbecalledahealthyworkingrelationship,itturnsoutfineif

itisforthebettermentofthestudents.

Perhapsthen,takinginterviewandcollectingrelevantinformationtobase

reasoning,isoneofthefinestandmostinformativemethodsofresearch.Beit

oralhistoryorsimplytryingtoapplyoneselftoanewposition,agood

interviewerwhoaskstherightquestions,observeskeenly,letstheinterviewee

dothetalkingandinterpretsreactionscorrectlywillprobablygoalongwayin

theroadtosuccess.

Themosteffectivetechniquewillseetheinterviewerkeepinghimselfor

herselfopentoaskingmorethatjustpredeterminedquestions,readingbetween

thelinesandrefiningfocus.Inthecourseoftheinterview,thecentral

questionsmaywellhavetobereassessedbasedonthereactionsofthe

interviewees.Suchqualitativeinterviewsessentiallydefinetheworldthrough

thesubjects'

pointsofviewandunfoldtheirexperiencesbeforeanyscientific

explanationcomesin.Itistheresponsibilityoftheinterviewertodefinehis

roledifferentlyindifferentkindsofinterviewsastheymaybefor

professional,historical,research,personalortechnicalpurposes.Atthemost

basiclevelthough,interviewsareconversations,anditisuptothe

interviewertoensurecompletelythatthisiswhattheyremain.

Bibliography

Kador,John（2002）.201BestQuestionstoAskonYourInterview.McGraw-Hill

Professional

Kvale,S.（1