合集版江苏高考英语二轮复习书面表达Word格式.docx
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文字提示、图形
议论文
交通现状及产生的原因
150左右
2014
提纲式文字信息类
文字提示
评价英语词汇进入中文词典的现象
2013
看图写作
图画
夹叙夹议
行动胜于语言
通过对近三年高考英语书面表达题的分析发现,考查内容在从传统的单纯知识型向现代创新能力型转变,写作文体以议论文为主,半开放类占主流。
这充分体现了现代高考旨在考查考生能否在体验现代生活发展节奏、把握时代脉搏的同时,将所学知识与具体实践结合起来并灵活运用的能力。
考查特点归纳如下:
1.写作体裁与知识的实际运用密切结合
近三年的江苏卷以议论文为主,对日常生活中发生的现象进行评析。
写作话题贴近实际生活,突出了对考生处理现实生活实际问题的能力的考查。
2.突出考查考生的想象力和创新能力
近三年的书面表达的写作内容都是来自于生活的真实情景。
需要考生根据自身的生活阅历展开合理想象,创设合情合理的语境。
3.半开放式已成主流
近几年来,江苏卷书面表达全部为半开放式写作。
这种考查形式使考生不完全受“提示形式”和“内容要点”的限制可以适当发挥。
但这同时也对考生的写作能力提出了更高的要求。
4.高考趋势
从高考书面表达的发展趋势看,2016年高考书面表达在体裁和题材上应该会保持相对稳定,写作类型及提示形式也不会有太大的变化。
一、13类常见失分点
1.主谓不一致
(1)Threeyearshavepassedbeforeweknewit.[误]
Threeyearshaspassedbeforeweknewit.[正]
(2)EverymanandeverywomanlikesurfingtheInternethere.[误]
EverymanandeverywomanlikessurfingtheInternethere.[正]
(3)Manyastudenthavechattedonline.[误]
Manyastudenthaschattedonline.[正]
2.时态不一致
(1)Theytalkedandtalkedandsoonthebuscomes.[误]
Theytalkedandtalkedandsoonthebuscame.[正]
(2)Hesaidthathewillcometoseemesoon.[误]
Hesaidthathewouldcometoseemesoon.[正]
(3)Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldseetheactressyesterday.[误]
Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhaveseentheactressyesterday.[正]
3.词类误用
(1)Sheseatedherselfinthesofaandwentsleep.[误]
Sheseatedherselfinthesofaandwentasleep.[正]
(2)Afterthework,wewenthome,tiredlyandhungry.[误]
Afterthework,wewenthome,tiredandhungry.[正]
(3)Herkindandgenerositymademefeelathome.[误]
Herkindnessandgenerositymademefeelathome.[正]
4.逻辑不一致
(1)I’meagertoshowyouaroundsomeplacesofinterest,butsomeculturecenters.[误]
I’meagertoshowyouaroundsomeplacesofinterest,orsomeculturecenters.[正]
(2)Hewenttoherandgaveherthepresenthehadbought,andsherefusedtotakeitandwentaway.[误]
Hewenttoherandgaveherthepresenthehadbought,butsherefusedtotakeitandwentaway.[正]
(3)Nexttimeyoulookataperson,seeifhisorherfaceisredandpale.[误]
Nexttimeyoulookataperson,seeifhisorherfaceisredorpale.[正]
5.代词替代不一致
(1)TherearesomanyflowersintheflowershopthatIdon’tknowwhattobuy.[误]
TherearesomanyflowersintheflowershopthatIdon’tknowwhichtobuy.[正]
(2)Itisusthataretoblamefortheresultbecausewearetoocareless.[误]
Itiswethataretoblamefortheresultbecausewearetoocareless.[正]
(3)ShetookmanyphotosduringherstayinBeijingandshowedittome.[误]
ShetookmanyphotosduringherstayinBeijingandshowedthemtome.[正]
6.介词多余
(1)Workhard,andyouwillmakeitatsometime.[误]
Workhard,andyouwillmakeitsometime.[正]
(2)Atthefirsttimeshecametoseeme,Iwasdoingsomereading.[误]
Thefirsttimeshecametoseeme,Iwasdoingsomereading.[正]
(3)Consideringabouteverything,theplanisquitepractical.[误]
Consideringeverything,theplanisquitepractical.[正]
7.连词多余
(1)Shesentmeanemail,askingwhetherhowIwasgettingalongwithmyclassmates.[误]
Shesentmeanemail,askinghowIwasgettingalongwithmyclassmates.[正]
(2)Ifonemoreminute,andwecandoiteasily.[误]
Onemoreminute,andwecandoiteasily.[正]
(3)Becauseyougaveustimelyhelp,sowefinisheditontime.[误]
Becauseyougaveustimelyhelp,wefinisheditontime.[正]
8.冠词多余
(1)Asweknow,theSundayisthefirstdayofaweek.[误]
Asweknow,Sundayisthefirstdayofaweek.[正]
(2)Ipreferthiskindofafruit.[误]
Ipreferthiskindoffruit.[正]
(3)Ourteacherusuallytellsustobehavewellinthepublicplaces.[误]
Ourteacherusuallytellsustobehavewellinpublicplaces.[正]
9.句子成分短缺
(1)Weallstronglyagainstthesuggestionputforwardatthemeeting.[误]
Weareallstronglyagainstthesuggestionputforwardatthemeeting.[正]
(2)Whatknowntoallisthatcarshavebecomeapopularmeansoftransport.[误]
Whatisknowntoallisthatcarshavebecomeapopularmeansoftransport.[正]
(3)WhatpuzzlesyouactuallyapuzzleformanyparentsinChina.[误]
WhatpuzzlesyouisactuallyapuzzleformanyparentsinChina.[正]
10.及物与不及物动词误用
(1)Allflightsthismorninghaveputoffbecauseofthethickfog.[误]
Allflightsthismorninghavebeenputoffbecauseofthethickfog.[正]
(2)Theteachercaughtmecheatingintheexam,buthedidn’tpunishforit.[误]
Theteachercaughtmecheatingintheexam,buthedidn’tpunishmeforit.[正]
(3)Itisknownthateverythingdependsthesunlightforgrowth.[误]
Itisknownthateverythingdependsonthesunlightforgrowth.[正]
11.非谓语动词误用
(1)Headmittedtomakeamistake.[误]
Headmittedmakingamistake.[正]
(2)Sheobjectstobetreatedlikeachild.[误]
Sheobjectstobeingtreatedlikeachild.[正]
(3)IregretsayingthatIcan’thelpyouforIhavemanythingstodo.[误]
IregrettosaythatIcan’thelpyouforIhavemanythingstodo.[正]
(4)Thedeskneedstorepair.[误]
Thedeskneedsrepairing./Thedeskneedstoberepaired.[正]
(5)Myparentsexpectmetostudyscienceandbecomingascientist.[误]
Myparentsexpectmetostudyscienceandbecomeascientist.[正]
(6)Theyweremadeworkhardalldaylong.[误]
Theyweremadetoworkhardalldaylong.[正]
(7)Ifinditeasytobedone.[误]
Ifinditeasytodo.[正]
(8)Comparingwithyou,Istillhavealongwaytogo.[误]
Comparedwithyou,Istillhavealongwaytogo.[正]
(9)Everythingtakingintoconsideration,itisagoodplan.[误]
Everythingtakenintoconsideration,itisagoodplan.[正]
12.搭配错误
(1)Astimegoingby,moreandmorepeoplepreferahealthydiet.[误]
Withtimegoingby,moreandmorepeoplepreferahealthydiet.[正]
(2)Thebridgeisinconstruction.[误]
Thebridgeisunderconstruction.[正]
(3)SofarasIamconcerned,ridingbicyclesisagoodsolution.[误]
AsfarasIamconcerned,ridingbicyclesisagoodsolution.[正]
(4)Thethiefrantothedirectionofthehill.[误]
Thethiefraninthedirectionofthehill.[正]
(5)Itisnodoubtthatdrinkingtoomuchisharmfultohealth.[误]
Thereisnodoubtthatdrinkingtoomuchisharmfultohealth.[正]
(6)Itwasn’tlongwhenwegottothecinema.[误]
Itwasn’tlongbeforewegottothecinema.[正]
13.汉语式表达
(1)ThisismyfirsttimevisittoBeijing.[误]
ThisismyfirstvisittoBeijing.[正]
(2)IlikeTaijianditismymostfavoritesport.[误]
IlikeTaijianditismyfavoritesport.[正]
(3)Ourschoolistwomilesfarawayfromhere,soyou’dbettertakeataxi.[误]
Ourschoolistwomilesawayfromhere,soyou’dbettertakeataxi.[正]
(4)Afterhereturnedback,hebegantoworkatonce.[误]
Afterhereturned,hebegantoworkatonce.[正]
(5)Ofthetwoobjects,Iprefertheblueonebetter.[误]
Ofthetwoobjects,Iprefertheblueone.[正]
二、高分技巧
1.恰当使用连词、连接副词等连接句子,可使文章逻辑性强,结构紧凑,层次清晰,意义贯通。
LastSunday,whenmyparentswentoutshopping,Isuddenlygotanidea:
whynotgivetheroomsathoroughcleaning?
FirstlyIcollectedallthebooks,newspapersandotherthingsscatteredintheroomsandputtheminplace.ThenIwipedthedustoffallthefurniture.Afterthat,Isweptandmoppedthefloors.(2013·
陕西)
2.恰当选用“贴切、地道的高级词汇”。
从书面表达的评分标准可知,运用高级词汇对提高书面表达的“档次”和得分至关重要。
通过构词法变化来的新词、使用同(近)义词或反义词来代替常见的词语是选用恰当词汇的有效途径。
如下表所列近义词,用高级词汇代替普通词汇,会取得比较好的效果。
普通词汇
高级词汇
thinkof
comeupwith,occurto,haveanidea
explain
accountfor
thank
appreciate
most
themajorityof
should
besupposedto
lookafter
attendto
be+adj.
beof+n.
least
theminorityof
like
becrazyabout,beabsorbedin,beaddictedto
aslongas
onconditionthat
different
various,avarietyof
tired
bewornout
busy
beengagedin
during
inthecourseof
tell
informsb.of,informsb.that
sometimes
occasionally,onceinawhile
3.适当使用含有“较为丰富的语法结构”的高级句式。
感叹句、独立主格结构、特殊句式、名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词等都属于较复杂的“语法结构”。
这些结构的正确、交替使用,可以使文章的语言充满层次感,从而较好地反映作者的语言运用能力。
此外,正确使用一些谚语也能给文章增色不少。
(1)感叹句
①Whatameaningfuldayitwas!
(2015·
北京,书面表达二)
这是多么有意义的一天啊!
②HowhappyIwillbe!
HowIwishIcouldbeyoungerthannow!
重庆,写作一)
我太开心了!
我多么希望能够比现在年轻一点!
(2)独立主格结构
Inthepicture,aboyisfullyabsorbedinabookmadeofbamboo,withseveralmorescrollslyingononeendofhisdesk.(2015·
福建)
图画中,一个男孩在全神贯注地读一本由竹子做成的书,桌子的一边放着很多卷书。
(3)特殊句式
①Canyoutelluswhenandwhere?
安徽)
你能告诉我们什么时间以及在哪里吗?
②Itshowsthatitishardworkanddeterminationratherthanouterconditionsthatplayavitalroleinshapingagreatmind.(2015·
这表明成为一个伟大人物的决定因素是艰苦的工作及毅力而不是外部条件。
③Itisthepeoplewhoobeytherulesthatmatter.(2015·
江苏)
重要的是遵守这些规则的人们。
④Notonlydotheyofferyoujoyandexcitement,butalsotheyencourageyoutothinkcritically.(2015·
天津)
它们不仅可以让你们开心和兴奋,而且还激励你们进行批判性思考。
(4)名词性从句
①Iwonderifyou’dliketogowithme.(2015·
北京,书面表达一)
我想知道你是否愿意和我一起去。
②Withthedevelopmentofmedicaltechnology,wecandetectwhetherpeoplehavemajorillnessesandpredictwhetherpeoplehaveapreferenceforfoodbyusingsalivasample,andremindpeopletotakeappropriateexercise.(2015·
广东,基础写作)
随着医疗技术的发展,我们能诊断人们是否得了什么重要疾病并能通过唾液样本预测人们对食物的偏好,同时提醒人们进行适当的锻炼。
③ItisjustwhatIwant.(2015·
四川)
这正是我想要的。
④Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgivememoreinformation.(2015·
重庆,写作二)
如果你能提供更多的信息我将不胜感激。
(5)定语从句
①Iftheyoftencheatintheexams,theywillformabadhabit,whichwillhaveabadeffectontheirlife.(2015·
广东,读写任务)
如果他们在考试中经常作弊,他们就会养成一个坏习惯,这将会对他们的生活产生坏的影响。
②FromthisexperienceIhavelearnedthatquestioningcanserveasabridgethathelpsustoseekthetruth.(2015·
湖北)
这次经历使我明白了质疑是帮助我们探寻真理的桥梁。
③Myteachermay