温家宝总理在哈佛大学的演讲中英文Word文档格式.docx

温家宝总理在哈佛大学的演讲中英文Word文档格式.docx

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HarvardUniversity

Dec.10,2003

PREMIERWEN:

Mr.President,ladiesandgentlemen.IwouldliketobeginbysincerelythankingPresidentSummersforhiskindinvitation.Harvardisaworldfamousinstitutionofhigherlearning,attractingthebestmindsandbringingthemupgenerationaftergeneration.Inits367yearsofhistory,HarvardhasproducedsevenAmericanpresidentsandmorethan40NobelLaureates.Youhavereasontobeproudofyouruniversity.Itismygreatpleasuretodaytostandonyourrostrumandhavethisface-to-faceexchangewithyou.Ilikeyoungpeopleverymuch.Becauseyoungpeoplearealwayssoenergeticandtheyhavetheleastconservativeideas,andtheyrepresentthefutureofourworld.AndthisyearduringtheoutbreakoftheSARSepidemic,Ithoughtaboutthestudents.Icaredalotforthem,andIwantedtogainstrengthfromthem.SothatwaswhyIwenttoourTsinghuaUniversitytohavelunchwiththem.AndalsoIwenttoBeijingUniversityandIhadachatwiththestudentsinthelibrary.Atthattimeprobablyyoucouldnothaveimaginedwhatanatmospherewewerein,butIfeltthattheyoungpeoplewereashopefulasever.Theyalwaysdreamaboutabeautifulfuture.Theypointedtothetreesoutsidethewindowandsaidtome,"

Peopleliketosaythatwhenalltheleavesgrow,whenthetreebecomesgreenallover,thiscrisiswillbeover.Andtheyalsosaidthattheywouldallratherbethegreenleavesthemselves,andtheyaskedme,Premier,inthisbigtree,whichpartofthetreeareyou?

Iimmediatelyreplied,"

I'

malsooneoftheleaveslikeyou."

Ithinkthedevelopmentsprovedtobeliketheypredicted.Whenspringcameback,whenthetreesbecamegreen,thisoutbreakwasdrivenaway.

Asthespeakertoday,ofcourseIthinkIneedtoexplainmyselfalittlebittomyaudience,andIoweyouthisbecauseinthiswaywecanhaveaheart-to-heartdiscussion.

Asyouknow,asyouprobablyknow,I'

mthesonofaschoolteacher.Ispentmychildhoodmostlyinthesmokeandfireofwar.Iwasnotasfortunateasyouasachild.WhenJapaneseaggressorsdroveallthepeopleinmyplacetotheCentralPlaza,Ihadtohuddlecloselyagainstmymother.Lateron,mywholefamilyandhousewereallburnedup,andeventheprimaryschoolthatmygrandpabuilthimselfallwentupinflames.Inmyworklife,mostofthetimeIworkedinareasunderthemostharshconditionsinChina.ThereforeIknowmycountryandmypeoplequitewellandIlovethemsodeeply.

Thetitleofmyspeechtodayis"

TurningYourEyesToChina."

ChinaandtheUnitedStatesarefarapart,andtheydiffer,theydiffergreatlyinthelevelofeconomicdevelopmentandculture.[Atthispointaprotesterinterrupted.]

Pleaseallowmetocontinuewithmyspeech.Ladiesandgentlemen,Iwillnotbedisrupted.BecauseI'

mdeeplyconvincedthatthe300millionAmericanpeopledohavefriendlyfeelingstowardstheChinesepeople.

AndI'

mdeeplyconvincedthedevelopmentandimprovementofChina-U.S.relationswillnotonlyservetheinterestsofourtwopeoplesbutisalsoconducivetopeaceandstabilityofthewholeworld.

IknowthatChinaandtheUnitedStatesarefarapartgeographicallyandtheydiffergreatlyinthelevelofeconomicdevelopmentandaculturalbackground.Ihopemyspeechwillhelpincreaseourmutualunderstanding.

InordertounderstandthetrueChina,achangingsocietyfullofpromises,itisnecessarytogettoknowheryesterday,hertoday,andhertomorrow.

Chinayesterdaywasabigancientcountrythatcreatedasplendidcivilization.

AsweallknowinhistoryofmankindthereappearedtheMesopotamiancivilizationinWestAsia,theancientEgyptiancivilizationalongtheNileinNorthAfrica,theancientGreek-RomancivilizationalongthenorthernbankoftheMediterranean,theancientIndiancivilizationintheIndusRiverValleyinSouthAsia,andtheChinesecivilizationoriginatingintheYellowandYangtzeRiverValleys.Owingtoearthquake,flood,plagueandfamine,ortoalieninvasionorinternalturmoil,someoftheseancientcivilizationswitheredaway,someweredestroyedandothersbecameassimilatedintoothercivilizations.OnlytheChinesecivilization,thankstoitsstrongcohesivepowerandinexhaustibleappeal,hassurvivedmanyvicissitudesintact.The5,000-year-longcivilizationisthesourceofprideofeveryChinese.

ThetraditionalChineseculture,bothextensiveandprofound,startsfarbackandrunsalong,longcourse.Morethan2,000yearsagothereemergedinChinaConfucianismrepresentedbyConfuciusandMencius.Taoism,representedbyLaoZiandZhuangZi,andmanyothertheoriesanddoctrinesthatfiguredprominentlyinthehistoryofChinesethought,allbeingcoveredbythefamousterm,"

themasters'

hundredschools."

FromConfuciustoDr.SunYat-sen,thetraditionalChineseculturepresentsmanypreciousideasandqualities,whichareessentiallypopulistanddemocratic.Forexample,theylaystressontheimportanceofkindnessandloveinhumanrelations,ontheinterestofthecommunity,onseekingharmonywithoutuniformityandontheideathattheworldisforall.Especially,patriotismasembodiedinthesaying,"

everybodyisresponsiblefortheriseorfallofthecountry;

"

thepopulistideasthat,peoplearethefoundationofthecountryandthatpeoplearemoreimportantthanthemonarch;

thecodeofconductof,don'

tdotootherswhatyoudon'

twantotherstodotoyou;

andthetraditionalvirtuestaughtfromgenerationtogeneration:

longsufferingandhardworkingdiligenceandfrugalityinhouseholdmanagement,andrespectingteachersandvaluingeducation.Allthesehaveplayedagreatroleinbindingandregulatingthefamily,thecountryandthesociety.

Onthisyear'

sTeacher'

sDay,whichfellonthe10thofSeptember,IspeciallywenttoseeProfessorJiXianlinofPekingUniversityinhishospitalward.ProfessorJi,92yearsold,isagreatscholarinbothChineseandWesternlearning,andspecializinginOrientalstudies.Ienjoyreadinghisprose.Andhehadaverygoodhabitthatiseveninhishospitalhewouldkeepajournal,infactaverybeautifulessayaboutwhathesawanddidandfeltforthatparticularday.AndhestudiedaspecialOrientallanguageandprobablyheisamongtheveryfewintheworldwhoactuallyknowsthislanguage.InourconversationwetalkedaboutthemovementofEasternlearningspreadingtotheWest,andalsoWesternlearningspreadingtotheEastinmoderntimes.Inthe17thand18thcenturies,foreignmissionariestranslatedChineseclassicsintoEuropeanlanguagesandintroducedthemtoEurope,andthisarousedgreatinterestinsomeeminentscholarsandenlightenmentthinkersthere.Amongthem,Descartes,Leibniz,Montesquieu,Voltaire,GoetheandKantallstudiedthetraditionalChineseculture.

InmyyoungerdaysIreadVoltaire'

swritings.HesaidthatathinkerwhowantedtostudythehistoryofthisplanetshouldfirstturnhiseyestotheEast,Chinaincluded.HeoncesaidthatwhenpeopleinmanyothercountriesaredebatingabouttheoriginofthehumanspeciestheChinesearealreadyseriouslywritingabouttheirhistory.

Interestingly,oneandahalfcenturiesago,R.W.Emerson,afamousAmericanphilosopherandoutstandingHarvardgraduate,alsofellforthetraditionalChineseculture.HequotedprofuselyfromConfuciusandMenciusinhisessays.HeplacedConfuciusonaparwithSocratesandJesusChrist,sayingthatwereadthemoralteachingsoftheConfuciusschoolwithprofittoday,thoughtheywereaddressedtoastateofsocietyunlikeours.

RereadingthesewordsofVoltaireandEmersontoday,Icannotbutadmiretheirwisdomandfarsight.Chinatodayisacountryinreformandopeningup,andarisingpowerdedicatedtopeace.

ThelateDr.JohnKingFairbankusedthefollowingwordstodescribeChina'

soverpopulationandlandscarcity.OnthelandownedbyonefarmerintheU.S.,theremightlivehundredsofpeopleformingavillageinChina.HewentontosaythatalthoughtheAmericansweremostlyfarmersinthepast,theyneverfeltsuchpressureofpopulationdensity.

AlargepopulationandunderdevelopmentarethetwofactsChinahastoface.SinceChinahas1.3billionpeople,Ioftenliketosay,Ioftenliketomakeaveryeasybutatthesametimeverycomplicateddivisionandmultiplication.Thatis,anysmallindividualproblemmultipliedby1.3billionbecomesabig,bigproblem.Andanyconsiderableamountoffinancialandmaterialresourcesdividedby1.3billionbecomesaverylowpercapitalevel.Andbecomesreallysmall.ThisisarealitytheChineseleadershavetokeepfirmlyinmindatalltimes.

Wecanrelyonnooneelseexceptourselvestoresolvetheproblemsfacingour1.3billionpeople.SincethefoundingofthePeople'

sRepublic,wehaveachievedmuchinournationalreconstruction.Atthesametimewehavemadeafewdetoursandmissedsomeopportunities.By1978,withtheadoptionofthereformandopeninguppolicies,wehadultimatelyfoundtherightpathofdevelopment.TheChinesepeople'

spathofindependentlybuildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.

Theessenceofthispathofdevelopmentistomobilizeallpositivefactors,emancipateanddeveloptheproductiveforces,andrespectandprotectthefreedomoftheChinesepeopletopursuehappiness.

China'

sreformandopeninguphavespreadfromruralareastothecities,fromtheeconomicfieldtothepolitical,cultural,andsocialarenas.Eachandeverystepforwardisdesignedinthefinalanalysistoreleasethegushingvitalityoflabor,knowledge,technology,managerialexpertiseandcapital,andallowallsourcesofsocial