软件开发六班08210810633方杰1.docx
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软件开发六班08210810633方杰1
第17讲数据流重导向
第12张PPT:
练习
将根目录下的所有目录都记录到~/rootfile文件中,也即将ls-l/的结构记录下来。
#ls-l/>~/rootfile
以上的过程不会显示在屏幕上,但可以用cat~/rootfile看到。
运行结果如下:
[root@Azure~]#ls-l/>~/rootfile
[root@Azure~]#cat~/rootfile
[fangjie@Azure~]$ls-l/>~/rootfile
[fangjie@Azure~]$cat~/rootfile
总计155
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot409609-2921:
23bin
drwxr-xr-x4rootroot102409-2318:
55boot
drwxr-xr-x11rootroot392012-2221:
11dev
drwxr-xr-x101rootroot1228812-2221:
13etc
drwxr-xr-x3rootroot409612-2221:
13home
drwxr-xr-x13rootroot409609-2921:
22lib
drwx------2rootroot1638409-2318:
49lost+found
drwxr-xr-x3rootroot409612-2221:
11media
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot012-2221:
10misc
drwxr-xr-x4rootroot409609-2723:
44mnt
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot012-2221:
10net
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot40962008-08-08opt
dr-xr-xr-x138rootroot02009-12-23proc
drwxr-x---19rootroot409611-0910:
21root
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot1228812-2221:
10sbin
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot409609-2318:
52selinux
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot40962008-08-08srv
drwxr-xr-x3rootroot102409-2318:
49swap
drwxr-xr-x11rootroot02009-12-23sys
drwxr-xr-x3rootroot409609-2319:
00tftpboot
drwxrwxrwt35rootroot409612-2221:
12tmp
drwxr-xr-x15rootroot409609-2722:
56usr
drwxr-xr-x24rootroot409609-2319:
02var
第16张PPT:
练习
将当前目录下的文件信息全部存储到list.txt文件中
[root@lhb~]#ls-al>list.txt
将根目录下的数据也存储到list.txt文件中
root@lhb~]#ls-al/>>list.txt
[fangjie@Azure~]$ls-al>list.txt
[fangjie@Azure~]$catlist.txt
总计112
drwx------17fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
21.
drwxr-xr-x3rootroot409612-2221:
13..
-rw-------1fangjiefangjie1012-2221:
07.bash_history
-rw-r--r--1fangjiefangjie3312-2221:
05.bash_logout
-rw-r--r--1fangjiefangjie17612-2221:
05.bash_profile
-rw-r--r--1fangjiefangjie12412-2221:
05.bashrc
drwx------2fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
12.chewing
drwxr-xr-x2fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
12Desktop
-rw-------1fangjiefangjie2612-2221:
12.dmrc
drwxr-x---2fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
12.eggcups
-rw-r--r--1fangjiefangjie51512-2221:
05.emacs
drwx------4fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
12.gconf
drwx------2fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
18.gconfd
drwxrwxr-x3fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
12.gnome
drwx------6fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
12.gnome2
drwx------2fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
12.gnome2_private
drwxrwxr-x2fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
12.gstreamer-0.10
-rw-r--r--1fangjiefangjie8912-2221:
12.gtkrc-1.2-gnome2
-rw-------1fangjiefangjie15712-2221:
12.ICEauthority
-rw-rw-r--1fangjiefangjie012-2221:
21list.txt
drwx------3fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
12.metacity
drwxr-xr-x4fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
05.mozilla
drwxr-xr-x3fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
12.nautilus
drwxrwxr-x3fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
12.redhat
-rw-rw-r--1fangjiefangjie111312-2221:
19rootfile
drwx------3fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
12.scim
drwx------2fangjiefangjie409612-2221:
12.Trash
-rw-r--r--1fangjiefangjie164812-2221:
12.xsession
[root@Azure~]#ls-al/>>list.txt
[root@Azure~]#catlist.txt
总计171
drwxr-xr-x25rootroot409612-2221:
10.
drwxr-xr-x25rootroot409612-2221:
10..
-rw-r--r--1rootroot012-2221:
10.autofsck
-rw-r--r--1rootroot009-2311:
11.autorelabel
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot409609-2921:
23bin
drwxr-xr-x4rootroot102409-2318:
55boot
drwxr-xr-x11rootroot392012-2221:
11dev
drwxr-xr-x101rootroot1228812-2221:
13etc
drwxr-xr-x3rootroot409612-2221:
13home
drwxr-xr-x13rootroot409609-2921:
22lib
drwx------2rootroot1638409-2318:
49lost+found
drwxr-xr-x3rootroot409612-2221:
11media
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot012-2221:
10misc
drwxr-xr-x4rootroot409609-2723:
44mnt
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot012-2221:
10net
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot40962008-08-08opt
dr-xr-xr-x138rootroot02009-12-23proc
drwxr-x---19rootroot409611-0910:
21root
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot1228812-2221:
10sbin
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot409609-2318:
52selinux
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot40962008-08-08srv
drwxr-xr-x3rootroot102409-2318:
49swap
drwxr-xr-x11rootroot02009-12-23sys
drwxr-xr-x3rootroot409609-2319:
00tftpboot
drwxrwxrwt35rootroot409612-2221:
12tmp
drwxr-xr-x15rootroot409609-2722:
56usr
drwxr-xr-x24rootroot409609-2319:
02var
[fangjie@Azure~]$
总计171
drwxr-xr-x25rootroot409611-3011:
20.
drwxr-xr-x25rootroot409611-3011:
20..
-rw-r--r--1rootroot011-0911:
38.autofsck
-rw-r--r--1rootroot009-2311:
11.autorelabel
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot409609-2921:
23bin
drwxr-xr-x4rootroot102409-2318:
55boot
drwxr-xr-x11rootroot412011-0911:
38dev
drwxr-xr-x101rootroot1228812-1608:
52etc
drwxr-xr-x4rootroot409611-3011:
13home
drwxr-xr-x13rootroot409609-2921:
22lib
drwx------2rootroot1638409-2318:
49lost+found
drwxr-xr-x3rootroot409611-0911:
38media
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot011-0911:
38misc
drwxr-xr-x4rootroot409609-2723:
44mnt
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot011-0911:
38net
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot40962008-08-08opt
dr-xr-xr-x139rootroot011-0919:
37proc
drwxr-x---19rootroot409612-1609:
00root
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot1228811-0911:
38sbin
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot409609-2318:
52selinux
drwxr-xr-x2rootroot40962008-08-08srv
drwxr-xr-x3rootroot102409-2318:
49swap
drwxr-xr-x11rootroot011-0919:
37sys
drwxr-xr-x3rootroot409609-2319:
00tftpboot
drwxrwxrwt31rootroot409612-1608:
55tmp
drwxr-xr-x15rootroot409609-2722:
56usr
drwxr-xr-x24rootroot409609-2319:
02var
[root@Azure~]#
第18~20张PPT:
练习
首先,在root用户操作
[root@lhb~]#cd/home
[root@lhbhome]#mkdirroot
[root@lhbhome]#chmod744root(设定进入文件权限)
[root@lhbhome]#cd/home/root
[root@lhb/home/root]#touchtesting
然后,切换到普通用户
[lhb@lhb~]$find/home/root-nametesting
find:
/home/root:
权限不够
[lhb@lhb~]$cd/home
[lhb@lhb/home]$mkdirlhb
[lhb@lhb/home]$cdlhb
[lhb@lhb/home/lhb]$touchtesting
[lhb@lhb~]$find/home-nametesting>list_right2>list_error(分别存储)
查看分别存储的结果
[lhb@lhb~]$catlist_error
find:
/home/root:
权限不够
[lhb@lhb~]$catlist_right
/home/lhb/testing
/home/testing
运行结果如下:
[fangjie@Azure~]$cd/home
[fangjie@Azurehome]$mkdirroot
mkdir:
无法创建目录“root”:
权限不够
[fangjie@Azurehome]$su-
口令:
[root@Azure~]#mkdirroot
[root@Azure~]#cd/home/root
-bash:
cd:
/home/root:
没有那个文件或目录
[root@Azure~]#touchtesting
[root@Azure~]#
[root@Azure~]#sufangjie
[fangjie@Azureroot]$find/home/root-nametesting
find:
无法获取当前目录:
权限不够
[fangjie@Azureroot]$cd/home[fangjie@Azurehome]$mkdirfangjie
[fangjie@Azurehome]$cdfangjie
[fangjie@Azure~]$touchtesting
[fangjie@Azure~]$find/home-nametesting>list_right2>list_error
[fangjie@Azure~]$catlist_error
[fangjie@Azure~]$catlist_right
/home/fangjie/testing
[fangjie@Azure~]$
第21张PPT:
将标准输出和标准错误输出的信息保存到同一文件。
[lhb@lhb~]$find/home-nametesting>list2>&1(统一存储)
[lhb@lhb~]$catlist
运行结果如下:
[fangjie@Azure~]$find/home-nametesting>list2>&1
[fangjie@Azure~]$catlist
/home/fangjie/testing
[fangjie@Azure~]$ls
Desktoplistlist_errorlist_rightlist.txtrootfiletesting
[fangjie@Azure~]$
第22张PPT:
只想保存标准输出,而丢弃标准错误输出的信息。
[lhb@lhb~]$find/home-nametesting>list_right2>/dev/null
运行结果如下:
[fangjie@Azure~]$find/home-nametesting>list_right2>/dev/null
[fangjie@Azure~]$catlist_right
/home/fangjie/testing
[fangjie@Azure~]$
以下为“标准输入”部分:
第24~26张PPT:
练习
[lhb@lhb~]$cat>catfile
testing
catfiletest(用ctrl+d结束输入)
[lhb@lhb~]$catcatfile
testing
catfiletest
[lhb@lhb~]$
上面输入内容也可以用已经编辑好的文件代替。
[lhb@lhb~]$visomefile
thisistest
justsomefile.
保存后,继续往下做。
[lhb@lhb~]$cat>catfile[lhb@lhb~]$catcatfile
thisistest
justsomefile.
运行结果如下:
[fangjie@Azure~]$cat>catfile
testing
catfiletest
[fangjie@Azure~]$visomefile
[fangjie@Azure~]$cat>catfile[fangjie@Azure~]$catcatfile
thisistest
justsomefile.
[fangjie@Azure~]$
第27张PPT:
<<这个符号的意思是:
结束的输入字符。
[lhb@lhb~]$cat>catfile<>justtest<<
>eof
[lhb@lhb~]$catcatfile
justtest<<
运行结果如下:
[fangjie@Azure~]$cat>catfile<>justtest<<
>eof
[fangjie@Azure~]$catcatfile
justtest<<
[fangjie@Azure~]$
第30张PPT:
一、分号“;”表示依次执行分号前后的命令。
[lhb@lhb~]$ls;morelist
运行结果如下:
[fangjie@Azure~]$ls;morelist
Desktoplistlist_errorlist_rightlist.txtrootfiletesting
/home/fangjie/testing
[fangjie@Azure~]$
第30张PPT:
二、判断符号“&&”。
若该/tmp目录存在,就建立文件testagain,若不存在,就不建立。
[lhb@lhb~]$ls/tmp&&touch/tmp/testagain
上面测试的时候目录/tmp是存在的,接下来测试不存在的目录/t
[lhb@lhb~]$ls/t&&touch/t/testagain
ls:
/t:
没有那个文件或目录
运行结果如下:
[fangjie@Azure~]$ls/tmp&&touch/tmp/testagain
gconfd-fangjiescim-helper-manager-socket-root
gconfd-rootscim-panel-socket:
0-fangjie
gconfd-fangjiescim-panel-socket:
0-root
keyring-3a9vdBscim-panel-socket:
0-fangjie
keyring-bnoWRvscim-socket-frontend-fangjie
keyring-cshbPjscim-socket-frontend-root
keyring-ewq6i7ssh-vvxvXj2838
keyring-hA24zpt1
keyring-jNPvlitestln
keyring-Sc4yHDtesttouch
keyring-skWaP1testtouch1
keyring-TmHQWJvirtual-fangjie.Pxi7CE
keyring-X83zp1virtual-root.SRtpl9
keyring-Yvxl56virtual-fangjie.4rtEbL
mapping-fangjievirtual-fangjie.8Fo9yX
mapping-rootvirtual-fangjie.8MkRCp
mapping-fangjievirtual-fangjie.bW8oFC
orbit-fangjievirtual-fangjie.Exbcns
scim-bridge-0.3.0.lockfile-0@localhost:
0.0virtual-fangjie.oZhfmE
scim-bridge-0.3.0.lockfile-501@localhost:
0.0virtual-fangjie.pi4NSU
scim-bridge-0.3.0.socket-0@localhost:
0.0virtual-fangjie.ViyWVE
scim-bridge-0.3.0.socket-501@localhost:
0.0VMwareDnD
scim-helper-manager-socket-fangjievmware-root
[fangjie@Azure~]$
第32张PPT:
三、判断符号“||”
若该/tmp/testpd文件不存在,则建立。
[lhb